Multiple signatures for transactions

With multiple instructions in a TX may need
multiple signatures.

Fixes #1531

benches/banking_stage.rs

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ fn bench_banking_stage_multi_accounts(bencher: &mut Bencher) {
             let sig: Vec<u8> = (0..64).map(|_| thread_rng().gen()).collect();
             new.account_keys[0] = Pubkey::new(&from[0..32]);
             new.account_keys[1] = Pubkey::new(&to[0..32]);
-            new.signature = Signature::new(&sig[0..64]);
+            new.signatures = vec![Signature::new(&sig[0..64])];
             new
         }).collect();
     // fund all the accounts
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ fn bench_banking_stage_multi_accounts(bencher: &mut Bencher) {
 
 #[bench]
 fn bench_banking_stage_multi_programs(bencher: &mut Bencher) {
-    let progs = 5;
+    let progs = 4;
     let txes = 1000 * NUM_THREADS;
     let mint_total = 1_000_000_000_000;
     let mint = Mint::new(mint_total);
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ fn bench_banking_stage_multi_programs(bencher: &mut Bencher) {
                 );
             }
             assert_eq!(new.instructions.len(), progs);
-            new.signature = Signature::new(&sig[0..64]);
+            new.signatures = vec![Signature::new(&sig[0..64])];
             new
         }).collect();
     transactions.iter().for_each(|tx| {

src/bank.rs

@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ impl Bank {
         for (i, tx) in txs.iter().enumerate() {
             Self::update_signature_status_with_last_id(
                 &mut last_ids.entries,
-                &tx.signature,
+                &tx.signatures[0],
                 &res[i],
                 &tx.last_id,
             );
@@ -498,7 +498,7 @@ impl Bank {
                     Err(_) => RpcSignatureStatus::GenericFailure,
                 };
                 if status != RpcSignatureStatus::SignatureNotFound {
-                    self.check_signature_subscriptions(&tx.signature, status);
+                    self.check_signature_subscriptions(&tx.signatures[0], status);
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -651,7 +651,8 @@ impl Bank {
 
             // There is no way to predict what contract will execute without an error
             // If a fee can pay for execution then the contract will be scheduled
-            let err = Self::reserve_signature_with_last_id(last_ids, &tx.last_id, &tx.signature);
+            let err =
+                Self::reserve_signature_with_last_id(last_ids, &tx.last_id, &tx.signatures[0]);
             if let Err(BankError::LastIdNotFound) = err {
                 error_counters.reserve_last_id += 1;
             } else if let Err(BankError::DuplicateSignature) = err {
@@ -1292,7 +1293,7 @@ impl Bank {
         last_id: Hash,
     ) -> Result<Signature> {
         let tx = Transaction::system_new(keypair, to, n, last_id);
-        let signature = tx.signature;
+        let signature = tx.signatures[0];
         self.process_transaction(&tx).map(|_| signature)
     }
 
@@ -1550,10 +1551,13 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(bank.get_balance(&mint.pubkey()), 0);
         assert_eq!(bank.get_balance(&key1), 1);
         assert_eq!(bank.get_balance(&key2), 0);
-        assert_eq!(bank.get_signature(&t1.last_id, &t1.signature), Some(Ok(())));
+        assert_eq!(
+            bank.get_signature(&t1.last_id, &t1.signatures[0]),
+            Some(Ok(()))
+        );
         // TODO: Transactions that fail to pay a fee could be dropped silently
         assert_eq!(
-            bank.get_signature(&t2.last_id, &t2.signature),
+            bank.get_signature(&t2.last_id, &t2.signatures[0]),
             Some(Err(BankError::AccountInUse))
         );
     }
@@ -1579,7 +1583,7 @@ mod tests {
         ];
 
         let t1 = Transaction::new_with_instructions(
-            &mint.keypair(),
+            &[&mint.keypair()],
             &[key1, key2],
             mint.last_id(),
             0,
@@ -1593,7 +1597,7 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(bank.get_balance(&key1), 0);
         assert_eq!(bank.get_balance(&key2), 0);
         assert_eq!(
-            bank.get_signature(&t1.last_id, &t1.signature),
+            bank.get_signature(&t1.last_id, &t1.signatures[0]),
             Some(Err(BankError::ResultWithNegativeTokens(1)))
         );
     }
@@ -1616,7 +1620,10 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(bank.get_balance(&mint.pubkey()), 0);
         assert_eq!(bank.get_balance(&key1), 1);
         assert_eq!(bank.get_balance(&key2), 1);
-        assert_eq!(bank.get_signature(&t1.last_id, &t1.signature), Some(Ok(())));
+        assert_eq!(
+            bank.get_signature(&t1.last_id, &t1.signatures[0]),
+            Some(Ok(()))
+        );
     }
 
     // TODO: This test demonstrates that fees are not paid when a program fails.
@@ -1637,7 +1644,7 @@ mod tests {
             Pubkey::default(),
             1,
         );
-        let signature = tx.signature;
+        let signature = tx.signatures[0];
         assert!(!bank.has_signature(&signature));
         let res = bank.process_transaction(&tx);
 
@@ -2044,7 +2051,7 @@ mod tests {
         let bank_sub_id = Keypair::new().pubkey();
         let last_id = bank.last_id();
         let tx = Transaction::system_move(&mint.keypair(), alice.pubkey(), 20, last_id, 0);
-        let signature = tx.signature;
+        let signature = tx.signatures[0];
         bank.process_transaction(&tx).unwrap();
 
         let (subscriber, _id_receiver, mut transport_receiver) =

src/bin/bench-tps.rs

@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ fn do_tx_transfers(
 
 const MAX_SPENDS_PER_TX: usize = 5;
 fn verify_transfer(client: &mut ThinClient, tx: &Transaction) -> bool {
-    if client.poll_for_signature(&tx.signature).is_err() {
+    if client.poll_for_signature(&tx.signatures[0]).is_err() {
         println!("no signature");
         return false;
     }

src/budget_transaction.rs

@@ -92,7 +92,14 @@ impl BudgetTransaction for Transaction {
             transaction::Instruction::new(1, &budget_instruction, vec![1]),
         ];
 
-        Self::new_with_instructions(from_keypair, &keys, last_id, fee, program_ids, instructions)
+        Self::new_with_instructions(
+            &[from_keypair],
+            &keys,
+            last_id,
+            fee,
+            program_ids,
+            instructions,
+        )
     }
 
     /// Create and sign a new Transaction. Used for unit-testing.
@@ -258,9 +265,10 @@ mod tests {
         let instruction = Instruction::NewBudget(expr);
         let instructions = vec![transaction::Instruction::new(0, &instruction, vec![])];
         let claim0 = Transaction {
+            signed_keys: vec![],
             account_keys: vec![],
             last_id: Default::default(),
-            signature: Default::default(),
+            signatures: vec![],
             program_ids: vec![],
             instructions,
             fee: 0,

src/rpc.rs

@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ impl RpcSol for RpcSolImpl {
                 info!("send_transaction: send_to error: {:?}", err);
                 Error::internal_error()
             })?;
-        let signature = bs58::encode(tx.signature).into_string();
+        let signature = bs58::encode(tx.signatures[0]).into_string();
         trace!(
             "send_transaction: sent {} bytes, signature={}",
             data.len(),
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         let req = format!(
             r#"{{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"confirmTransaction","params":["{}"]}}"#,
-            tx.signature
+            tx.signatures[0]
         );
         let res = io.handle_request_sync(&req, meta);
         let expected = format!(r#"{{"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":true,"id":1}}"#);
@@ -523,7 +523,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         let req = format!(
             r#"{{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"getSignatureStatus","params":["{}"]}}"#,
-            tx.signature
+            tx.signatures[0]
         );
         let res = io.handle_request_sync(&req, meta.clone());
         let expected = format!(r#"{{"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":"Confirmed","id":1}}"#);
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ mod tests {
         let tx = Transaction::system_move(&alice_keypair, bob_pubkey, 10, last_id, 0);
         let req = format!(
             r#"{{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"getSignatureStatus","params":["{}"]}}"#,
-            tx.signature
+            tx.signatures[0]
         );
         let res = io.handle_request_sync(&req, meta);
         let expected = format!(r#"{{"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":"SignatureNotFound","id":1}}"#);
@@ -738,8 +738,8 @@ mod tests {
         let tx =
             Transaction::system_move(&Keypair::new(), Keypair::new().pubkey(), 20, hash(&[0]), 0);
         assert_eq!(
-            verify_signature(&tx.signature.to_string()).unwrap(),
+            verify_signature(&tx.signatures[0].to_string()).unwrap(),
-            tx.signature
+            tx.signatures[0]
         );
         let bad_signature = "a1b2c3d4";
         assert_eq!(

src/rpc_pubsub.rs

@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         let req = format!(
             r#"{{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"signatureSubscribe","params":["{}"]}}"#,
-            tx.signature.to_string()
+            tx.signatures[0].to_string()
         );
         let res = io.handle_request_sync(&req, session.clone());
         let expected = format!(r#"{{"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":0,"id":1}}"#);
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ mod tests {
         let tx = Transaction::system_move(&alice.keypair(), bob_pubkey, 10, last_id, 0);
         let req = format!(
             r#"{{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"signatureSubscribe","params":["{}"]}}"#,
-            tx.signature.to_string()
+            tx.signatures[0].to_string()
         );
         let res = io.handle_request_sync(&req, session.clone());
         let expected = format!(r#"{{"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":1,"id":1}}"#);
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ mod tests {
         let tx = Transaction::system_move(&alice.keypair(), bob_pubkey, 20, last_id, 0);
         let req = format!(
             r#"{{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"signatureSubscribe","params":["{}"]}}"#,
-            tx.signature.to_string()
+            tx.signatures[0].to_string()
         );
         let _res = io.handle_request_sync(&req, session.clone());
 

src/sigverify.rs

@@ -4,15 +4,23 @@
 //! offloaded to the GPU.
 //!
 
+use byteorder::{LittleEndian, ReadBytesExt};
 use counter::Counter;
 use log::Level;
 use packet::{Packet, SharedPackets};
+use result::Result;
+use signature::Signature;
+use solana_sdk::pubkey::Pubkey;
+use std::io;
 use std::mem::size_of;
 use std::sync::atomic::AtomicUsize;
-use transaction::{PUB_KEY_OFFSET, SIGNED_DATA_OFFSET, SIG_OFFSET};
+#[cfg(test)]
+use transaction::Transaction;
 
 pub const TX_OFFSET: usize = 0;
 
+type TxOffsets = (Vec<u32>, Vec<u32>, Vec<u32>, Vec<u32>, Vec<Vec<u32>>);
+
 #[cfg(feature = "cuda")]
 #[repr(C)]
 struct Elems {
@@ -29,10 +37,12 @@ extern "C" {
         vecs: *const Elems,
         num: u32,          //number of vecs
         message_size: u32, //size of each element inside the elems field of the vec
-        pubkey_offset: u32,
+        total_packets: u32,
-        signature_offset: u32,
+        total_signatures: u32,
-        signed_message_offset: u32,
+        message_lens: *const u32,
-        signed_message_len_offset: u32,
+        pubkey_offsets: *const u32,
+        signature_offsets: *const u32,
+        signed_message_offsets: *const u32,
         out: *mut u8, //combined length of all the items in vecs
     ) -> u32;
 
@@ -64,23 +74,37 @@ fn verify_packet(packet: &Packet) -> u8 {
     use solana_sdk::pubkey::Pubkey;
     use untrusted;
 
-    let msg_start = TX_OFFSET + SIGNED_DATA_OFFSET;
+    let (sig_len, sig_start, msg_start, pubkey_start) = get_packet_offsets(packet, 0);
-    let sig_start = TX_OFFSET + SIG_OFFSET;
+    let mut sig_start = sig_start as usize;
-    let sig_end = sig_start + size_of::<Signature>();
+    let mut pubkey_start = pubkey_start as usize;
-    let pubkey_start = TX_OFFSET + PUB_KEY_OFFSET;
+    let msg_start = msg_start as usize;
-    let pubkey_end = pubkey_start + size_of::<Pubkey>();
 
     if packet.meta.size <= msg_start {
         return 0;
     }
 
     let msg_end = packet.meta.size;
-    signature::verify(
+    for _ in 0..sig_len {
-        &signature::ED25519,
+        let pubkey_end = pubkey_start as usize + size_of::<Pubkey>();
-        untrusted::Input::from(&packet.data[pubkey_start..pubkey_end]),
+        let sig_end = sig_start as usize + size_of::<Signature>();
-        untrusted::Input::from(&packet.data[msg_start..msg_end]),
+
-        untrusted::Input::from(&packet.data[sig_start..sig_end]),
+        if pubkey_end >= packet.meta.size || sig_end >= packet.meta.size {
-    ).is_ok() as u8
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        if signature::verify(
+            &signature::ED25519,
+            untrusted::Input::from(&packet.data[pubkey_start..pubkey_end]),
+            untrusted::Input::from(&packet.data[msg_start..msg_end]),
+            untrusted::Input::from(&packet.data[sig_start..sig_end]),
+        ).is_err()
+        {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        pubkey_start += size_of::<Pubkey>();
+        sig_start += size_of::<Signature>();
+    }
+    1
 }
 
 fn verify_packet_disabled(_packet: &Packet) -> u8 {
@@ -100,6 +124,64 @@ pub fn ed25519_verify(batches: &[SharedPackets]) -> Vec<Vec<u8>> {
     ed25519_verify_cpu(batches)
 }
 
+pub fn get_packet_offsets(packet: &Packet, current_offset: u32) -> (u32, u32, u32, u32) {
+    // Read in u64 as the size of signatures array
+    let mut rdr = io::Cursor::new(&packet.data[TX_OFFSET..size_of::<u64>()]);
+    let sig_len = rdr.read_u64::<LittleEndian>().unwrap() as u32;
+
+    let msg_start_offset =
+        current_offset + size_of::<u64>() as u32 + sig_len * size_of::<Signature>() as u32;
+    let pubkey_offset = msg_start_offset + size_of::<u64>() as u32;
+
+    let sig_start = TX_OFFSET as u32 + size_of::<u64>() as u32;
+
+    (sig_len, sig_start, msg_start_offset, pubkey_offset)
+}
+
+pub fn generate_offsets(batches: &[SharedPackets]) -> Result<TxOffsets> {
+    let mut signature_offsets: Vec<_> = Vec::new();
+    let mut pubkey_offsets: Vec<_> = Vec::new();
+    let mut msg_start_offsets: Vec<_> = Vec::new();
+    let mut msg_sizes: Vec<_> = Vec::new();
+    let mut current_packet = 0;
+    let mut v_sig_lens = Vec::new();
+    batches.into_iter().for_each(|p| {
+        let mut sig_lens = Vec::new();
+        p.read().unwrap().packets.iter().for_each(|packet| {
+            let current_offset = current_packet as u32 * size_of::<Packet>() as u32;
+
+            let (sig_len, _sig_start, msg_start_offset, pubkey_offset) =
+                get_packet_offsets(packet, current_offset);
+            let mut pubkey_offset = pubkey_offset;
+
+            sig_lens.push(sig_len);
+
+            trace!("pubkey_offset: {}", pubkey_offset);
+            let mut sig_offset = current_offset + size_of::<u64>() as u32;
+            for _ in 0..sig_len {
+                signature_offsets.push(sig_offset);
+                sig_offset += size_of::<Signature>() as u32;
+
+                pubkey_offsets.push(pubkey_offset);
+                pubkey_offset += size_of::<Pubkey>() as u32;
+
+                msg_start_offsets.push(msg_start_offset);
+
+                msg_sizes.push(current_offset + (packet.meta.size as u32) - msg_start_offset);
+            }
+            current_packet += 1;
+        });
+        v_sig_lens.push(sig_lens);
+    });
+    Ok((
+        signature_offsets,
+        pubkey_offsets,
+        msg_start_offsets,
+        msg_sizes,
+        v_sig_lens,
+    ))
+}
+
 pub fn ed25519_verify_cpu(batches: &[SharedPackets]) -> Vec<Vec<u8>> {
     use rayon::prelude::*;
     let count = batch_size(batches);
@@ -161,6 +243,9 @@ pub fn ed25519_verify(batches: &[SharedPackets]) -> Vec<Vec<u8>> {
         return ed25519_verify_cpu(batches);
     }
 
+    let (signature_offsets, pubkey_offsets, msg_start_offsets, msg_sizes, sig_lens) =
+        generate_offsets(batches).unwrap();
+
     info!("CUDA ECDSA for {}", batch_size(batches));
     let mut out = Vec::new();
     let mut elems = Vec::new();
@@ -170,7 +255,7 @@ pub fn ed25519_verify(batches: &[SharedPackets]) -> Vec<Vec<u8>> {
     for packets in batches {
         locks.push(packets.read().unwrap());
     }
-    let mut num = 0;
+    let mut num_packets = 0;
     for p in locks {
         elems.push(Elems {
             elems: p.packets.as_ptr(),
@@ -179,25 +264,24 @@ pub fn ed25519_verify(batches: &[SharedPackets]) -> Vec<Vec<u8>> {
         let mut v = Vec::new();
         v.resize(p.packets.len(), 0);
         rvs.push(v);
-        num += p.packets.len();
+        num_packets += p.packets.len();
     }
-    out.resize(num, 0);
+    out.resize(signature_offsets.len(), 0);
-    trace!("Starting verify num packets: {}", num);
+    trace!("Starting verify num packets: {}", num_packets);
     trace!("elem len: {}", elems.len() as u32);
     trace!("packet sizeof: {}", size_of::<Packet>() as u32);
-    trace!("pubkey: {}", (TX_OFFSET + PUB_KEY_OFFSET) as u32);
-    trace!("signature offset: {}", (TX_OFFSET + SIG_OFFSET) as u32);
-    trace!("sign data: {}", (TX_OFFSET + SIGNED_DATA_OFFSET) as u32);
     trace!("len offset: {}", PACKET_DATA_SIZE as u32);
     unsafe {
         let res = ed25519_verify_many(
             elems.as_ptr(),
             elems.len() as u32,
             size_of::<Packet>() as u32,
-            (TX_OFFSET + PUB_KEY_OFFSET) as u32,
+            num_packets as u32,
-            (TX_OFFSET + SIG_OFFSET) as u32,
+            signature_offsets.len() as u32,
-            (TX_OFFSET + SIGNED_DATA_OFFSET) as u32,
+            msg_sizes.as_ptr(),
-            PACKET_DATA_SIZE as u32,
+            pubkey_offsets.as_ptr(),
+            signature_offsets.as_ptr(),
+            msg_start_offsets.as_ptr(),
             out.as_mut_ptr(),
         );
         if res != 0 {
@@ -206,25 +290,47 @@ pub fn ed25519_verify(batches: &[SharedPackets]) -> Vec<Vec<u8>> {
     }
     trace!("done verify");
     let mut num = 0;
-    for vs in rvs.iter_mut() {
+    for (vs, sig_vs) in rvs.iter_mut().zip(sig_lens.iter()) {
-        for mut v in vs.iter_mut() {
+        for (mut v, sig_v) in vs.iter_mut().zip(sig_vs.iter()) {
-            *v = out[num];
+            let mut vout = 1;
+            for _ in 0..*sig_v {
+                if 0 == out[num] {
+                    vout = 0;
+                }
+                num += 1;
+            }
+            *v = vout;
             if *v != 0 {
                 trace!("VERIFIED PACKET!!!!!");
             }
-            num += 1;
         }
     }
     inc_new_counter_info!("ed25519_verify_gpu", count);
     rvs
 }
 
+#[cfg(test)]
+pub fn make_packet_from_transaction(tx: Transaction) -> Packet {
+    use bincode::serialize;
+
+    let tx_bytes = serialize(&tx).unwrap();
+    let mut packet = Packet::default();
+    packet.meta.size = tx_bytes.len();
+    packet.data[..packet.meta.size].copy_from_slice(&tx_bytes);
+    return packet;
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use bincode::serialize;
+    use budget_program::BudgetState;
+    use hash::Hash;
     use packet::{Packet, SharedPackets};
+    use signature::{Keypair, KeypairUtil};
     use sigverify;
+    use system_program::SystemProgram;
     use system_transaction::{memfind, test_tx};
+    use transaction;
     use transaction::Transaction;
 
     #[test]
@@ -236,25 +342,25 @@ mod tests {
         assert_matches!(memfind(&packet, &[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]), None);
     }
 
-    fn make_packet_from_transaction(tx: Transaction) -> Packet {
+    #[test]
-        let tx_bytes = serialize(&tx).unwrap();
+    fn test_get_packet_offsets() {
-        let mut packet = Packet::default();
+        let tx = test_tx();
-        packet.meta.size = tx_bytes.len();
+        let packet = sigverify::make_packet_from_transaction(tx);
-        packet.data[..packet.meta.size].copy_from_slice(&tx_bytes);
+        let (sig_len, sig_start, msg_start_offset, pubkey_offset) =
-        return packet;
+            sigverify::get_packet_offsets(&packet, 0);
+        assert_eq!(sig_len, 1);
+        assert_eq!(sig_start, 8);
+        assert_eq!(msg_start_offset, 72);
+        assert_eq!(pubkey_offset, 80);
     }
 
-    fn test_verify_n(n: usize, modify_data: bool) {
+    fn generate_packet_vec(
-        let tx = test_tx();
+        packet: &Packet,
-        let mut packet = make_packet_from_transaction(tx);
+        num_packets_per_batch: usize,
-
+        num_batches: usize,
-        // jumble some data to test failure
+    ) -> Vec<SharedPackets> {
-        if modify_data {
-            packet.data[20] = packet.data[20].wrapping_add(10);
-        }
-
         // generate packet vector
-        let batches: Vec<_> = (0..2)
+        let batches: Vec<_> = (0..num_batches)
             .map(|_| {
                 let packets = SharedPackets::default();
                 packets
@@ -262,13 +368,27 @@ mod tests {
                     .unwrap()
                     .packets
                     .resize(0, Default::default());
-                for _ in 0..n {
+                for _ in 0..num_packets_per_batch {
                     packets.write().unwrap().packets.push(packet.clone());
                 }
-                assert_eq!(packets.read().unwrap().packets.len(), n);
+                assert_eq!(packets.read().unwrap().packets.len(), num_packets_per_batch);
                 packets
             }).collect();
-        assert_eq!(batches.len(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(batches.len(), num_batches);
+
+        batches
+    }
+
+    fn test_verify_n(n: usize, modify_data: bool) {
+        let tx = test_tx();
+        let mut packet = sigverify::make_packet_from_transaction(tx);
+
+        // jumble some data to test failure
+        if modify_data {
+            packet.data[20] = packet.data[20].wrapping_add(10);
+        }
+
+        let batches = generate_packet_vec(&packet, n, 2);
 
         // verify packets
         let ans = sigverify::ed25519_verify(&batches);
@@ -293,6 +413,58 @@ mod tests {
         test_verify_n(71, false);
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn test_verify_multi_sig() {
+        use logger;
+        logger::setup();
+        let keypair0 = Keypair::new();
+        let keypair1 = Keypair::new();
+        let keypairs = vec![&keypair0, &keypair1];
+        let tokens = 5;
+        let fee = 2;
+        let last_id = Hash::default();
+
+        let keys = vec![keypair0.pubkey(), keypair1.pubkey()];
+
+        let system_instruction = SystemProgram::Move { tokens };
+
+        let program_ids = vec![SystemProgram::id(), BudgetState::id()];
+
+        let instructions = vec![transaction::Instruction::new(
+            0,
+            &system_instruction,
+            vec![0, 1],
+        )];
+
+        let tx = Transaction::new_with_instructions(
+            &keypairs,
+            &keys,
+            last_id,
+            fee,
+            program_ids,
+            instructions,
+        );
+
+        let mut packet = sigverify::make_packet_from_transaction(tx);
+
+        let n = 4;
+        let num_batches = 3;
+        let batches = generate_packet_vec(&packet, n, num_batches);
+
+        packet.data[40] = packet.data[40].wrapping_add(8);
+
+        batches[0].write().unwrap().packets.push(packet);
+
+        // verify packets
+        let ans = sigverify::ed25519_verify(&batches);
+
+        // check result
+        let ref_ans = 1u8;
+        let mut ref_vec = vec![vec![ref_ans; n]; num_batches];
+        ref_vec[0].push(0u8);
+        assert_eq!(ans, ref_vec);
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn test_verify_fail() {
         test_verify_n(5, true);

src/storage_stage.rs

@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ impl StorageStage {
                         );
                         let mut storage_keys = storage_keys.write().unwrap();
                         storage_keys[*current_key_idx..*current_key_idx + size_of::<Signature>()]
-                            .copy_from_slice(tx.signature.as_ref());
+                            .copy_from_slice(tx.signatures[0].as_ref());
                         *current_key_idx += size_of::<Signature>();
                         *current_key_idx %= storage_keys.len();
                     }

src/system_transaction.rs

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ impl SystemTransaction for Transaction {
         let to_keys: Vec<_> = moves.iter().map(|(to_key, _)| *to_key).collect();
 
         Transaction::new_with_instructions(
-            from,
+            &[from],
             &to_keys,
             last_id,
             fee,
@@ -149,19 +149,36 @@ mod tests {
     use super::*;
     use bincode::{deserialize, serialize};
     use packet::PACKET_DATA_SIZE;
-    use transaction::{PUB_KEY_OFFSET, SIGNED_DATA_OFFSET, SIG_OFFSET};
+    use sigverify;
+    use transaction::SIG_OFFSET;
 
     #[test]
     fn test_layout() {
         let tx = test_tx();
-        let sign_data = tx.get_sign_data();
         let tx_bytes = serialize(&tx).unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(memfind(&tx_bytes, &sign_data), Some(SIGNED_DATA_OFFSET));
+        let sign_data = tx.get_sign_data();
-        assert_eq!(memfind(&tx_bytes, &tx.signature.as_ref()), Some(SIG_OFFSET));
+        let packet = sigverify::make_packet_from_transaction(tx.clone());
+
+        let (sig_len, sig_start, msg_start_offset, pubkey_offset) =
+            sigverify::get_packet_offsets(&packet, 0);
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            memfind(&tx_bytes, &tx.signatures[0].as_ref()),
+            Some(SIG_OFFSET)
+        );
         assert_eq!(
             memfind(&tx_bytes, &tx.account_keys[0].as_ref()),
-            Some(PUB_KEY_OFFSET)
+            Some(pubkey_offset as usize)
         );
+        assert_eq!(
+            memfind(&tx_bytes, &sign_data),
+            Some(msg_start_offset as usize)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            memfind(&tx_bytes, &tx.signatures[0].as_ref()),
+            Some(sig_start as usize)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(sig_len, 1);
         assert!(tx.verify_signature());
     }
 
@@ -172,15 +189,10 @@ mod tests {
         let sign_data0a = tx0.get_sign_data();
         let tx_bytes = serialize(&tx0).unwrap();
         assert!(tx_bytes.len() < PACKET_DATA_SIZE);
-        assert_eq!(memfind(&tx_bytes, &sign_data0a), Some(SIGNED_DATA_OFFSET));
         assert_eq!(
-            memfind(&tx_bytes, &tx0.signature.as_ref()),
+            memfind(&tx_bytes, &tx0.signatures[0].as_ref()),
             Some(SIG_OFFSET)
         );
-        assert_eq!(
-            memfind(&tx_bytes, &tx0.account_keys[0].as_ref()),
-            Some(PUB_KEY_OFFSET)
-        );
         let tx1 = deserialize(&tx_bytes).unwrap();
         assert_eq!(tx0, tx1);
         assert_eq!(tx1.instructions[0].userdata, vec![1, 2, 3]);

src/thin_client.rs

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ impl ThinClient {
         let data = serialize(&tx).expect("serialize Transaction in pub fn transfer_signed");
         self.transactions_socket
             .send_to(&data, &self.transactions_addr)?;
-        Ok(tx.signature)
+        Ok(tx.signatures[0])
     }
 
     /// Retry a sending a signed Transaction to the server for processing.
@@ -82,12 +82,12 @@ impl ThinClient {
         tries: usize,
     ) -> io::Result<Signature> {
         for x in 0..tries {
-            tx.sign(&keypair, self.get_last_id());
+            tx.sign(&[&keypair], self.get_last_id());
             let data = serialize(&tx).expect("serialize Transaction in pub fn transfer_signed");
             self.transactions_socket
                 .send_to(&data, &self.transactions_addr)?;
-            if self.poll_for_signature(&tx.signature).is_ok() {
+            if self.poll_for_signature(&tx.signatures[0]).is_ok() {
-                return Ok(tx.signature);
+                return Ok(tx.signatures[0]);
             }
             info!("{} tries failed transfer to {}", x, self.transactions_addr);
         }

src/transaction.rs

@@ -7,9 +7,7 @@ use signature::{Keypair, KeypairUtil, Signature};
 use solana_sdk::pubkey::Pubkey;
 use std::mem::size_of;
 
-pub const SIGNED_DATA_OFFSET: usize = size_of::<Signature>();
+pub const SIG_OFFSET: usize = size_of::<u64>();
-pub const SIG_OFFSET: usize = 0;
-pub const PUB_KEY_OFFSET: usize = size_of::<Signature>() + size_of::<u64>();
 
 /// An instruction to execute a program under the `program_id` of `program_ids_index` with the
 /// specified accounts and userdata
@@ -38,8 +36,11 @@ impl Instruction {
 /// An atomic transaction
 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
 pub struct Transaction {
-    /// A digital signature of `account_keys`, `program_ids`, `last_id`, `fee` and `instructions`, signed by `Pubkey`.
+    /// A set of digital signature of `account_keys`, `program_ids`, `last_id`, `fee` and `instructions`, signed by `signed_keys`.
-    pub signature: Signature,
+    pub signatures: Vec<Signature>,
+
+    /// The `Pubkeys` that correspond to signature in `signatures`
+    pub signed_keys: Vec<Pubkey>,
 
     /// The `Pubkeys` that are executing this transaction userdata.  The meaning of each key is
     /// program-specific.
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ impl Transaction {
         let accounts = (0..=transaction_keys.len() as u8).collect();
         let instructions = vec![Instruction::new(0, userdata, accounts)];
         Self::new_with_instructions(
-            from_keypair,
+            &[from_keypair],
             transaction_keys,
             last_id,
             fee,
@@ -91,25 +92,31 @@ impl Transaction {
     /// * `program_ids` - The keys that identify programs used in the `instruction` vector.
     /// * `instructions` - The programs and their arguments that the transaction will execute atomically
     pub fn new_with_instructions(
-        from_keypair: &Keypair,
+        from_keypairs: &[&Keypair],
         keys: &[Pubkey],
         last_id: Hash,
         fee: u64,
         program_ids: Vec<Pubkey>,
         instructions: Vec<Instruction>,
     ) -> Self {
-        let from = from_keypair.pubkey();
+        let from = from_keypairs[0].pubkey();
-        let mut account_keys = vec![from];
+        let mut account_keys = Vec::with_capacity(keys.len() + 1);
+        account_keys.push(from);
         account_keys.extend_from_slice(keys);
+        let signed_keys = from_keypairs
+            .iter()
+            .map(|keypair| keypair.pubkey())
+            .collect();
         let mut tx = Transaction {
-            signature: Signature::default(),
+            signatures: vec![],
+            signed_keys,
             account_keys,
             last_id: Hash::default(),
             fee,
             program_ids,
             instructions,
         };
-        tx.sign(from_keypair, last_id);
+        tx.sign(from_keypairs, last_id);
         tx
     }
     pub fn userdata(&self, instruction_index: usize) -> &[u8] {
@@ -138,7 +145,10 @@ impl Transaction {
     }
     /// Get the transaction data to sign.
     pub fn get_sign_data(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
-        let mut data = serialize(&self.account_keys).expect("serialize account_keys");
+        let mut data = serialize(&self.signed_keys).expect("serialize signed keys");
+
+        let account_keys_data = serialize(&self.account_keys).expect("serialize account_keys");
+        data.extend_from_slice(&account_keys_data);
 
         let last_id_data = serialize(&self.last_id).expect("serialize last_id");
         data.extend_from_slice(&last_id_data);
@@ -155,17 +165,21 @@ impl Transaction {
     }
 
     /// Sign this transaction.
-    pub fn sign(&mut self, keypair: &Keypair, last_id: Hash) {
+    pub fn sign(&mut self, keypairs: &[&Keypair], last_id: Hash) {
         self.last_id = last_id;
         let sign_data = self.get_sign_data();
-        self.signature = Signature::new(keypair.sign(&sign_data).as_ref());
+        self.signatures = keypairs
+            .iter()
+            .map(|keypair| Signature::new(&keypair.sign(&sign_data).as_ref()))
+            .collect();
     }
 
     /// Verify only the transaction signature.
     pub fn verify_signature(&self) -> bool {
         warn!("transaction signature verification called");
-        self.signature
+        self.signatures
-            .verify(&self.from().as_ref(), &self.get_sign_data())
+            .iter()
+            .all(|s| s.verify(&self.from().as_ref(), &self.get_sign_data()))
     }
 
     /// Verify that references in the instructions are valid
@@ -192,7 +206,7 @@ impl Transaction {
         let mut hasher = Hasher::default();
         transactions
             .iter()
-            .for_each(|tx| hasher.hash(&tx.signature.as_ref()));
+            .for_each(|tx| hasher.hash(&tx.signatures[0].as_ref()));
         hasher.result()
     }
 }
@@ -215,7 +229,7 @@ mod tests {
             Instruction::new(1, &(), vec![0, 2]),
         ];
         let tx = Transaction::new_with_instructions(
-            &key,
+            &[&key],
             &[key1, key2],
             Default::default(),
             0,
@@ -250,7 +264,7 @@ mod tests {
         let key = Keypair::new();
         let instructions = vec![Instruction::new(1, &(), vec![])];
         let tx = Transaction::new_with_instructions(
-            &key,
+            &[&key],
             &[],
             Default::default(),
             0,
@@ -264,7 +278,7 @@ mod tests {
         let key = Keypair::new();
         let instructions = vec![Instruction::new(0, &(), vec![1])];
         let tx = Transaction::new_with_instructions(
-            &key,
+            &[&key],
             &[],
             Default::default(),
             0,
@@ -301,19 +315,22 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(
             serialize(&tx).unwrap(),
             vec![
-                234, 139, 34, 5, 120, 28, 107, 203, 69, 25, 236, 200, 164, 1, 12, 47, 147, 53, 41,
+                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 199, 111, 28, 46, 13, 235, 122, 203, 210, 118, 158, 0, 59,
-                143, 23, 116, 230, 203, 59, 228, 153, 14, 22, 241, 103, 226, 186, 169, 181, 65, 49,
+                175, 148, 175, 225, 134, 90, 155, 188, 232, 218, 54, 199, 116, 67, 99, 65, 84, 164,
-                215, 44, 2, 61, 214, 113, 216, 184, 206, 147, 104, 140, 225, 138, 21, 172, 135,
+                94, 224, 60, 187, 249, 92, 210, 242, 99, 58, 121, 202, 5, 140, 152, 14, 166, 13,
-                211, 80, 103, 80, 216, 106, 249, 86, 194, 1, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 32, 253, 186,
+                134, 103, 127, 216, 96, 217, 139, 5, 252, 40, 146, 48, 112, 59, 7, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-                201, 177, 11, 117, 135, 187, 167, 181, 188, 22, 59, 206, 105, 231, 150, 215, 30,
+                0, 0, 0, 32, 253, 186, 201, 177, 11, 117, 135, 187, 167, 181, 188, 22, 59, 206,
-                78, 212, 76, 16, 252, 180, 72, 134, 137, 247, 161, 68, 32, 253, 186, 201, 177, 11,
+                105, 231, 150, 215, 30, 78, 212, 76, 16, 252, 180, 72, 134, 137, 247, 161, 68, 3,
-                117, 135, 187, 167, 181, 188, 22, 59, 206, 105, 231, 150, 215, 30, 78, 212, 76, 16,
+                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 32, 253, 186, 201, 177, 11, 117, 135, 187, 167, 181, 188, 22,
-                252, 180, 72, 134, 137, 247, 161, 68, 1, 1, 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9,
+                59, 206, 105, 231, 150, 215, 30, 78, 212, 76, 16, 252, 180, 72, 134, 137, 247, 161,
-                9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+                68, 32, 253, 186, 201, 177, 11, 117, 135, 187, 167, 181, 188, 22, 59, 206, 105,
-                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 99, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+                231, 150, 215, 30, 78, 212, 76, 16, 252, 180, 72, 134, 137, 247, 161, 68, 1, 1, 1,
-                0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+                4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 1, 1,
-                1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 2, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-                0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3
+                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 99, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 4, 5, 6,
+                7, 8, 9, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 2, 2, 2, 1, 0,
+                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2,
+                3
             ],
         );
     }

tests/programs.rs

@@ -43,7 +43,10 @@ fn create_bpf_path(name: &str) -> PathBuf {
 fn check_tx_results(bank: &Bank, tx: &Transaction, result: Vec<solana::bank::Result<()>>) {
     assert_eq!(result.len(), 1);
     assert_eq!(result[0], Ok(()));
-    assert_eq!(bank.get_signature(&tx.last_id, &tx.signature), Some(Ok(())));
+    assert_eq!(
+        bank.get_signature(&tx.last_id, &tx.signatures[0]),
+        Some(Ok(()))
+    );
 }
 
 struct Loader {