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hex2dfu
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hex2dfu/hex2dfu.c

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#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define MAX_IN_HEX 16
#define TARGET_NAME_ENCEDO "EncedoKey"
// uncomment to add support for digital code signature using ED25519
//#define ED25519_SUPPORT
#ifdef ED25519_SUPPORT
#include "ED25519/sha512.h"
#include "ED25519/ed25519.h"
/*
To build:
1. download ED25519 code from https://github.com/encedo/ed25519 or https://github.com/orlp/ed25519 to folder ED25519
2. compile gcc hex2dfu.c ED25519/*.c -o hex2dfu.exe
*/
#endif
void print_help(void);
int hex2bin(unsigned char *obuf, const char *ibuf, int len);
int check_checksum(unsigned char *inbuf, int len);
unsigned char *ihex2bin_buf(unsigned int *start_address, int *dst_len, FILE *inFile);
unsigned int crc32(unsigned int crc, const void *buf, size_t size);
//efab5b0739a834bac702aeb5cd08ffe227908faaae501f910e7e07d8d41fbb06
int main (int argc, char **argv) {
int i, c, vid =0x0483, pid = 0xdf11, ver = 0xffff;
char *tar0_lab = NULL, *out_fn = NULL;
FILE *inFile, *outFile;
unsigned char json_output = 0;
char *in_hex[MAX_IN_HEX];
int image_cnt = 0;
#ifdef ED25519_SUPPORT
unsigned char hash_buf[64];
sha512_context hash;
unsigned char *ed25519_secret = NULL;
unsigned char *ed25519_public = NULL, ed25519_public_add = 0;
unsigned char public_key[32], private_key[64], signature[64], public_key_publisher[32];
#endif
unsigned int tar_start_address[MAX_IN_HEX];
int tar_len[MAX_IN_HEX];
unsigned char *tar_buf[MAX_IN_HEX];
int total_len = 0;
unsigned char *dfu;
int dfu_len;
unsigned int crc = 0, tmp, add_crc32 = 0;
opterr = 0;
while ((c = getopt (argc, argv, "hv:p:d:i:l:o:c:S:P:eJ")) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 'J':
json_output = 1;
break;
case 'i': //target input file names
in_hex[image_cnt] = optarg;
image_cnt++;
break;
case 'l': //target0 label
tar0_lab = optarg;
break;
case 'p': //PID
pid = strtol (optarg, NULL, 16);
break;
case 'v': //VID
vid = strtol (optarg, NULL, 16);
break;
case 'd': //device version
ver = strtol (optarg, NULL, 16);
break;
case 'c': //place crc32 at this address
add_crc32 = strtol (optarg, NULL, 16);
break;
case 'S': //ED25519 secret (signing key), hex
#ifndef ED25519_SUPPORT
fprintf (stderr, "Code signing not supported!\n");
return 1;
#else
ed25519_secret = optarg;
#endif
break;
case 'P': //ED25519 publisher public, hex
#ifndef ED25519_SUPPORT
fprintf (stderr, "Code signing not supported!\n");
return 1;
#else
ed25519_public = optarg;
#endif
break;
case 'e':
#ifndef ED25519_SUPPORT
fprintf (stderr, "Code signing not supported!\n");
return 1;
#else
ed25519_public_add = 1;
#endif
break;
case 'o': //output file name
out_fn = optarg;
break;
case 'h':
print_help();
break;
case '?':
fprintf (stderr, "Parameter(s) parsing failed!\n");
return 1;
default:
break;
}
}
if (image_cnt == 0) {
perror ("No input file(s) specifed.\n");
return 0;
}
if (!out_fn) {
perror ("No output file specifed.\n");
return 0;
}
#ifdef ED25519_SUPPORT
if (ed25519_secret) {
c = hex2bin(ed25519_secret, ed25519_secret, strlen(ed25519_secret));
if (c != 32) {
perror ("ED25519 'secret' have to be 32bytes long.\n");
return 0;
}
ed25519_create_keypair(public_key, private_key, ed25519_secret);
if (ed25519_public) {
c = hex2bin(public_key_publisher, ed25519_public, strlen(ed25519_public));
if (c != 32) {
perror ("ED25519 'public' have to be 32bytes long.\n");
return 0;
}
} else {
memmove(public_key_publisher, public_key, 32);
}
}
#endif
for (i = 0; i < image_cnt; i++) {
inFile = fopen(in_hex[i], "r");
if (inFile == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open %s\n", in_hex[i]);
return 0;
}
tar_buf[i] = ihex2bin_buf(&tar_start_address[i], &tar_len[i], inFile);
fclose (inFile);
if ((tar_buf[i] == NULL) || (tar_len[i] < 0)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to parse %s\n", in_hex[i]);
return 0;
}
total_len += tar_len[i];
if ((add_crc32 > 0) &&
(add_crc32 < (tar_start_address[i] + tar_len[i] - 256))) { //-c request CRC32 placement at given address
add_crc32 -= tar_start_address[i];
tar_buf[i][add_crc32 + 4] = tar_len[i]>>0 & 0xFF; //binary code length first(little endian)
tar_buf[i][add_crc32 + 5] = tar_len[i]>>8 & 0xFF;
tar_buf[i][add_crc32 + 6] = tar_len[i]>>16 & 0xFF;
tar_buf[i][add_crc32 + 7] = tar_len[i]>>24 & 0xFF;
#ifdef ED25519_SUPPORT
if (ed25519_secret) {
sha512_init(&hash);
sha512_update(&hash, tar_buf[i], add_crc32);
sha512_update(&hash, tar_buf[i] + add_crc32 + 256, tar_len[i] - (add_crc32 + 256));
sha512_final(&hash, hash_buf);
ed25519_sign(signature, hash_buf, 64, public_key, private_key);
memmove(tar_buf[i] + add_crc32 + 0x10, signature, 64);
memmove(tar_buf[i] + add_crc32 + 0x10 + 64, public_key, 32);
if (ed25519_public_add) {
memmove(tar_buf[i] + add_crc32 + 0x10 + 64 + 32, public_key_publisher, 32);
}
}
#endif
crc = crc32(0, tar_buf[i], add_crc32); //calc CRC upto placement address
crc = crc32(crc, tar_buf[i] + add_crc32 + 4, tar_len[i] - (add_crc32 + 4)); //calc the rest of - starting from placement+4 up to end
tar_buf[i][add_crc32 + 0] = crc>>0 & 0xFF; //CRC placement (little endian)
tar_buf[i][add_crc32 + 1] = crc>>8 & 0xFF;
tar_buf[i][add_crc32 + 2] = crc>>16 & 0xFF;
tar_buf[i][add_crc32 + 3] = crc>>24 & 0xFF;
}
}
//Total dfu len
dfu_len =
11 + //Prefix
274 + //Target prefix
(8 * image_cnt) + //Image header
total_len + //Images len
16; //Suffix
dfu = calloc(1, dfu_len);
if (dfu == NULL) {
perror("Failed to aloocate out buffer\n");
return 0;
}
//DFU prefix
memmove(dfu, "DfuSe", 5); //szSignature
dfu[5] = 0x01; //bVersion
tmp = dfu_len - 0x10;
dfu[6] = (unsigned char)(tmp & 0xFF); //DFUImageSize (except Prefix!)
dfu[7] = (unsigned char)(tmp>>8 & 0xFF);
dfu[8] = (unsigned char)(tmp>>16 & 0xFF);
dfu[9] = (unsigned char)(tmp>>24 & 0xFF);
dfu[10] = 1; //bTargets
//DFU Image
//Target prefix
c = 11;
memmove(dfu + c, "Target", 6); //szSignature 'Target'
c += 6;
dfu[c++] = 0x00; //bAlternateSettings //to check
if (tar0_lab) {
dfu[c] = 0x01; //bTargetNamed
memmove(dfu + c + 4, tar0_lab, (strlen(tar0_lab) > 254) ? 254 : strlen(tar0_lab)); //szTargetName
} else {
dfu[c] = 0x01; //place default target name
memmove(dfu + c + 4, TARGET_NAME_ENCEDO, strlen(TARGET_NAME_ENCEDO));
}
c += 259;
tmp = (8 * image_cnt) + total_len; //ImageElement length (8+bin_data)
dfu[c++] = (tmp >> 0) & 0xFF; //dwTargetSize
dfu[c++] = (tmp >> 8) & 0xFF;
dfu[c++] = (tmp >> 16) & 0xFF;
dfu[c++] = (tmp >> 24) & 0xFF;
dfu[c++] = (image_cnt >> 0) & 0xFF; //dwNbElements
dfu[c++] = (image_cnt >> 8) & 0xFF;
dfu[c++] = (image_cnt >> 16) & 0xFF;
dfu[c++] = (image_cnt >> 24) & 0xFF;
//Image Elements
for (i = 0; i < image_cnt; i++) {
dfu[c++] = (tar_start_address[i] >> 0) & 0xFF; //dwElementAddress
dfu[c++] = (tar_start_address[i] >> 8) & 0xFF;
dfu[c++] = (tar_start_address[i] >> 16) & 0xFF;
dfu[c++] = (tar_start_address[i] >> 24) & 0xFF;
dfu[c++] = (tar_len[i] >> 0) & 0xFF; //dwElementSize
dfu[c++] = (tar_len[i] >> 8) & 0xFF;
dfu[c++] = (tar_len[i] >> 16) & 0xFF;
dfu[c++] = (tar_len[i] >> 24) & 0xFF;
memmove(dfu + c, tar_buf[i], tar_len[i]);
c += tar_len[i];
}
//DFU Suffix
c = dfu_len - 16;
dfu[c++] = (ver >> 0) & 0xFF; //bcdDeviceLo
dfu[c++] = (ver >> 8) & 0xFF;
dfu[c++] = (pid >> 0) & 0xFF; //idProductLo
dfu[c++] = (pid >> 8) & 0xFF;
dfu[c++] = (vid >> 0) & 0xFF; //idVendorLo
dfu[c++] = (vid >> 8) & 0xFF;
dfu[c++] = 0x1A; //bcdDFULo
dfu[c++] = 0x01;
dfu[c++] = 'U'; //ucDfuSignature
dfu[c++] = 'F';
dfu[c++] = 'D';
dfu[c++] = 16; //bLength
crc = 0xFFFFFFFF & - crc32(0, dfu, c) - 1;
dfu[c++] = (crc >> 0) & 0xFF; //dwCRC
dfu[c++] = (crc >> 8) & 0xFF;
dfu[c++] = (crc >> 16) & 0xFF;
dfu[c++] = (crc >> 24) & 0xFF;
//write DFU to file
outFile = fopen (out_fn, "wb");
c = fwrite (dfu, dfu_len, 1, outFile);
fclose(outFile);
if (c != 1) {
printf ("error: write to output file\n");
}
if (json_output) {
/* TODO: for each input file? */
printf("{\"code_address\":\"0x%08x\"", tar_start_address[0]);
printf(",\"code_length\":\"0x%08x\"", tar_len[0]);
printf(",\"meta_address\":\"0x%08x\"", add_crc32 + tar_start_address[0]);
#ifdef ED25519_SUPPORT
if (ed25519_secret) {
printf(",\"sha512\":\"");
for(c=0; c<64; c++) {
printf("%02x", (unsigned char)hash_buf[c]);
}
printf("\"");
printf(",\"signature_pubkey\":\"");
for(c=0; c<32; c++) {
printf("%02x", (unsigned char)public_key[c]);
}
printf("\"");
printf(",\"signature\":\"");
for(c=0; c<64; c++) {
printf("%02x", (unsigned char)signature[c]);
}
printf("\"");
if (ed25519_public_add) {
printf(",\"publisher_pubkey\":\"");
for(c=0; c<32; c++) {
printf("%02x", (unsigned char)public_key_publisher[c]);
}
printf("\"");
}
printf(",\"crc32\":\"0x%08x\"", crc);
}
#endif
printf("}\r\n");
} else {
printf("Total elements: %d\n", image_cnt);
for (i = 0; i < image_cnt; i++) {
printf(" Element %d:\r\n", i);
printf(" Data Start: 0x%08x\r\n", tar_start_address[i]);
printf(" Data Length: %u bytes\r\n", tar_len[i]);
}
#ifdef ED25519_SUPPORT
if (ed25519_secret) {
printf("SHA512: ");
for(c=0; c<64; c++) {
printf("%02x", (unsigned char)hash_buf[c]);
}
printf("\r\n");
printf("Signing PublicKey: ");
for(c=0; c<32; c++) {
printf("%02x", (unsigned char)public_key[c]);
}
printf("\r\n");
printf("Signature: ");
for(c=0; c<64; c++) {
printf("%02x", (unsigned char)signature[c]);
}
printf("\r\n");
if (ed25519_public_add) {
printf("Publisher PublicKey: ");
for(c=0; c<32; c++) {
printf("%02x", (unsigned char)public_key_publisher[c]);
}
printf("\r\n");
}
printf("CRC32 data: 0x%08x @0x%08x\r\n", crc, add_crc32+tar0_start_address);
}
#endif
}
printf("Done.\r\n");
return 0;
}
void print_help(void) {
printf("STM32 hex2dfu version 1.3\r\n");
printf("(c) Encedo Ltd 2013-2015\r\n");
printf("Options:\r\n");
printf("-J - output in JSON structure except errors (optional)\r\n");
printf("-c - place CRC23 under this addres (optional)\r\n");
printf("-d - file version number (optional, default: 0xFFFF)\r\n");
printf("-h - help\r\n");
printf("-i - Target0 HEX file name (mandatory)\r\n");
printf("-l - Target0 name (optional, default: EncedoKey)\r\n");
printf("-o - output DFU file name (mandatory)\r\n");
printf("-S - ED25519 'secret' to sign the code (optional)\r\n");
printf("-P - Publisher ED25519 'public' to verify firmware sign (optional)\r\n");
printf("-e - add Publisher ED25519 based on 'secret' or the one form -P (if given)\r\n");
printf("-p - USB Pid (optional, default: 0xDF11)\r\n");
printf("-v - USB Vid (optional, default: 0x0483)\r\n");
printf("Example: hex2dfu -i infile.hex -i outfile.dfu\r\n");
}
int hex2bin(unsigned char *obuf, const char *ibuf, int len) {
unsigned char c, c2;
len = len / 2;
while (*ibuf != 0) {
c = *ibuf++;
if( c >= '0' && c <= '9' )
c -= '0';
else if( c >= 'a' && c <= 'f' )
c -= 'a' - 10;
else if( c >= 'A' && c <= 'F' )
c -= 'A' - 10;
else
return -1;
c2 = *ibuf++;
if( c2 >= '0' && c2 <= '9' )
c2 -= '0';
else if( c2 >= 'a' && c2 <= 'f' )
c2 -= 'a' - 10;
else if( c2 >= 'A' && c2 <= 'F' )
c2 -= 'A' - 10;
else
return -1;
*obuf++ = ( c << 4 ) | c2;
}
return len;
}
int check_checksum(unsigned char *inbuf, int len) {
unsigned int check = 0;
while(len--) {
check += *inbuf++;
}
return check & 0xFF;
}
// more details: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_HEX
unsigned char *ihex2bin_buf(unsigned int *start_address, int *dst_len, FILE *inFile) {
unsigned int lines = 0, total = 0, oneline_len, elar = 0, pos, cnt;
unsigned char oneline [512], raw[256], start_set = 0, *dst = NULL;
*dst_len = 1024*128;
dst = malloc(*dst_len); //allocate 129kB of memory for bin data buffer
if (dst == NULL) {
*dst_len = -2;
return NULL;
}
*start_address = 0;
while ( fgets (oneline, sizeof(oneline), inFile) != NULL ) {
if (oneline[0] == ':') { //is valid record?
oneline_len = strlen(oneline)-2; //get line length
hex2bin(raw, oneline+1, oneline_len); //convert to bin
if (check_checksum(raw, oneline_len/2) == 0) { //check cheksum validity
if ((raw[0] == 2) && (raw[1] == 0) && (raw[2] == 0) && (raw[3] == 4)) { //> Extended Linear Address Record :020000040803EF
elar = (unsigned int)raw[4]<<24 | (unsigned int) raw[5]<<16; //gen new address offset
} else
if ((raw[0] == 0) && (raw[1] == 0) && (raw[2] == 0) && (raw[3] == 1)) { //>End Of File record :00000001FF
*dst_len = total; //return total size of bin data && start address
return dst;
} else
if (raw[3] == 0) { //>Data record - process
pos = elar + ( (unsigned int)raw[1]<<8 | (unsigned int)raw[2] ); //get start address of this chunk
if (start_set==0) {
*start_address = pos; //set it as new start addres - only possible for first data record
start_set = 1; //only once - this is start address of thye binary data
}
pos -= *start_address;
cnt = raw[0]; //get chunk size/length
if (pos+cnt > *dst_len) { //enlarge buffer if required
unsigned char *dst_new = realloc(dst, *dst_len + 8192); //add 8kB of new space
if (dst_new == NULL) {
*dst_len = -2; //allocation error - exit
free(dst);
return NULL;
} else {
*dst_len += 8192;
dst = dst_new; //allocation succesed - copy new pointer
}
}
memmove(dst+pos, raw+4, cnt);
if (pos+cnt > total) { //set new total variable
total = pos+cnt; //tricky way - file can be none linear!
}
}
} else {
*dst_len = -1; //checksum error - exit
return NULL;
}
}
lines++; //not a IntelHex line - comment?
}
*dst_len = -3; //fatal error - no valid intel hex file processed
free(dst);
return NULL;
}
/*
//maybe usefull - stay here for future
int ihex2bin(FILE * outFile, FILE *inFile) {
unsigned int total = 0, oneline_len, elar = 0, start = 0xFFFFFFFF, pos, cnt;
unsigned char oneline [512], raw[256];
while ( fgets (oneline , sizeof(oneline) , inFile) != NULL ) {
//puts (oneline);
if (oneline[0] == ':') {
oneline_len = strlen(oneline)-2;
hex2bin(raw, oneline+1, oneline_len);
if (check_checksum(raw, oneline_len/2) == 0) {
if ((raw[0] == 2) && (raw[1] == 0) && (raw[2] == 0) && (raw[3] == 4)) { //:020000040803EF
elar = (unsigned int)raw[4]<<24 | (unsigned int) raw[5]<<16;
if (start == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
start = elar;
}
} else
if ((raw[0] == 0) && (raw[1] == 0) && (raw[2] == 0) && (raw[3] == 1)) { //:00000001FF
return start;
} else
if (raw[3] == 0) { //data
pos = elar + ( (unsigned int)raw[1]<<8 | (unsigned int)raw[2] );
cnt = raw[0];
fseek ( outFile, pos-start, SEEK_SET );
fwrite (raw+4 , sizeof(unsigned char), cnt, outFile);
if (pos+cnt > total)
total = pos+cnt;
}
} else {
return -1;
}
}
}
return total;
}
*/
const unsigned int crc32_tab[] = {
0x00000000, 0x77073096, 0xee0e612c, 0x990951ba, 0x076dc419, 0x706af48f,
0xe963a535, 0x9e6495a3, 0x0edb8832, 0x79dcb8a4, 0xe0d5e91e, 0x97d2d988,
0x09b64c2b, 0x7eb17cbd, 0xe7b82d07, 0x90bf1d91, 0x1db71064, 0x6ab020f2,
0xf3b97148, 0x84be41de, 0x1adad47d, 0x6ddde4eb, 0xf4d4b551, 0x83d385c7,
0x136c9856, 0x646ba8c0, 0xfd62f97a, 0x8a65c9ec, 0x14015c4f, 0x63066cd9,
0xfa0f3d63, 0x8d080df5, 0x3b6e20c8, 0x4c69105e, 0xd56041e4, 0xa2677172,
0x3c03e4d1, 0x4b04d447, 0xd20d85fd, 0xa50ab56b, 0x35b5a8fa, 0x42b2986c,
0xdbbbc9d6, 0xacbcf940, 0x32d86ce3, 0x45df5c75, 0xdcd60dcf, 0xabd13d59,
0x26d930ac, 0x51de003a, 0xc8d75180, 0xbfd06116, 0x21b4f4b5, 0x56b3c423,
0xcfba9599, 0xb8bda50f, 0x2802b89e, 0x5f058808, 0xc60cd9b2, 0xb10be924,
0x2f6f7c87, 0x58684c11, 0xc1611dab, 0xb6662d3d, 0x76dc4190, 0x01db7106,
0x98d220bc, 0xefd5102a, 0x71b18589, 0x06b6b51f, 0x9fbfe4a5, 0xe8b8d433,
0x7807c9a2, 0x0f00f934, 0x9609a88e, 0xe10e9818, 0x7f6a0dbb, 0x086d3d2d,
0x91646c97, 0xe6635c01, 0x6b6b51f4, 0x1c6c6162, 0x856530d8, 0xf262004e,
0x6c0695ed, 0x1b01a57b, 0x8208f4c1, 0xf50fc457, 0x65b0d9c6, 0x12b7e950,
0x8bbeb8ea, 0xfcb9887c, 0x62dd1ddf, 0x15da2d49, 0x8cd37cf3, 0xfbd44c65,
0x4db26158, 0x3ab551ce, 0xa3bc0074, 0xd4bb30e2, 0x4adfa541, 0x3dd895d7,
0xa4d1c46d, 0xd3d6f4fb, 0x4369e96a, 0x346ed9fc, 0xad678846, 0xda60b8d0,
0x44042d73, 0x33031de5, 0xaa0a4c5f, 0xdd0d7cc9, 0x5005713c, 0x270241aa,
0xbe0b1010, 0xc90c2086, 0x5768b525, 0x206f85b3, 0xb966d409, 0xce61e49f,
0x5edef90e, 0x29d9c998, 0xb0d09822, 0xc7d7a8b4, 0x59b33d17, 0x2eb40d81,
0xb7bd5c3b, 0xc0ba6cad, 0xedb88320, 0x9abfb3b6, 0x03b6e20c, 0x74b1d29a,
0xead54739, 0x9dd277af, 0x04db2615, 0x73dc1683, 0xe3630b12, 0x94643b84,
0x0d6d6a3e, 0x7a6a5aa8, 0xe40ecf0b, 0x9309ff9d, 0x0a00ae27, 0x7d079eb1,
0xf00f9344, 0x8708a3d2, 0x1e01f268, 0x6906c2fe, 0xf762575d, 0x806567cb,
0x196c3671, 0x6e6b06e7, 0xfed41b76, 0x89d32be0, 0x10da7a5a, 0x67dd4acc,
0xf9b9df6f, 0x8ebeeff9, 0x17b7be43, 0x60b08ed5, 0xd6d6a3e8, 0xa1d1937e,
0x38d8c2c4, 0x4fdff252, 0xd1bb67f1, 0xa6bc5767, 0x3fb506dd, 0x48b2364b,
0xd80d2bda, 0xaf0a1b4c, 0x36034af6, 0x41047a60, 0xdf60efc3, 0xa867df55,
0x316e8eef, 0x4669be79, 0xcb61b38c, 0xbc66831a, 0x256fd2a0, 0x5268e236,
0xcc0c7795, 0xbb0b4703, 0x220216b9, 0x5505262f, 0xc5ba3bbe, 0xb2bd0b28,
0x2bb45a92, 0x5cb36a04, 0xc2d7ffa7, 0xb5d0cf31, 0x2cd99e8b, 0x5bdeae1d,
0x9b64c2b0, 0xec63f226, 0x756aa39c, 0x026d930a, 0x9c0906a9, 0xeb0e363f,
0x72076785, 0x05005713, 0x95bf4a82, 0xe2b87a14, 0x7bb12bae, 0x0cb61b38,
0x92d28e9b, 0xe5d5be0d, 0x7cdcefb7, 0x0bdbdf21, 0x86d3d2d4, 0xf1d4e242,
0x68ddb3f8, 0x1fda836e, 0x81be16cd, 0xf6b9265b, 0x6fb077e1, 0x18b74777,
0x88085ae6, 0xff0f6a70, 0x66063bca, 0x11010b5c, 0x8f659eff, 0xf862ae69,
0x616bffd3, 0x166ccf45, 0xa00ae278, 0xd70dd2ee, 0x4e048354, 0x3903b3c2,
0xa7672661, 0xd06016f7, 0x4969474d, 0x3e6e77db, 0xaed16a4a, 0xd9d65adc,
0x40df0b66, 0x37d83bf0, 0xa9bcae53, 0xdebb9ec5, 0x47b2cf7f, 0x30b5ffe9,
0xbdbdf21c, 0xcabac28a, 0x53b39330, 0x24b4a3a6, 0xbad03605, 0xcdd70693,
0x54de5729, 0x23d967bf, 0xb3667a2e, 0xc4614ab8, 0x5d681b02, 0x2a6f2b94,
0xb40bbe37, 0xc30c8ea1, 0x5a05df1b, 0x2d02ef8d
};
unsigned int crc32(unsigned int crc, const void *buf, size_t size) {
const unsigned char *p;
p = buf;
crc = crc ^ ~0U;
while (size--)
crc = crc32_tab[(crc ^ *p++) & 0xFF] ^ (crc >> 8);
return crc ^ ~0U;
}
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