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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li></ol>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/actions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Actions</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/commitments.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Commitments</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/commitment-tree.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> Commitment tree</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/nullifiers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Nullifiers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/signatures.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Signatures</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/circuit.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> Circuit</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li></ol>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/actions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Actions</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/commitments.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Commitments</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/commitment-tree.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> Commitment tree</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/nullifiers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Nullifiers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/signatures.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Signatures</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/circuit.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> Circuit</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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<h1><a class="header" href="#concepts" id="concepts">Concepts</a></h1>
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<h1><a class="header" href="#concepts" id="concepts">Concepts</a></h1>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts/preliminaries.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li></ol>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts/preliminaries.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/actions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Actions</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/commitments.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Commitments</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/commitment-tree.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> Commitment tree</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/nullifiers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Nullifiers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/signatures.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Signatures</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/circuit.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> Circuit</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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<h1><a class="header" href="#preliminaries" id="preliminaries">Preliminaries</a></h1>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/katex@0.12.0/dist/katex.min.css" integrity="sha384-AfEj0r4/OFrOo5t7NnNe46zW/tFgW6x/bCJG8FqQCEo3+Aro6EYUG4+cU+KJWu/X" crossorigin="anonymous">
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<h1><a class="header" href="#preliminaries" id="preliminaries">Preliminaries</a></h1>
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<div class="sidebar-scrollbox">
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li></ol>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/actions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Actions</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/commitments.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Commitments</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/commitment-tree.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> Commitment tree</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/nullifiers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Nullifiers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/signatures.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Signatures</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/circuit.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> Circuit</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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<h1><a class="header" href="#design" id="design">Design</a></h1>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/katex@0.12.0/dist/katex.min.css" integrity="sha384-AfEj0r4/OFrOo5t7NnNe46zW/tFgW6x/bCJG8FqQCEo3+Aro6EYUG4+cU+KJWu/X" crossorigin="anonymous">
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<h1><a class="header" href="#design" id="design">Design</a></h1>
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<h2><a class="header" href="#general-design-notes" id="general-design-notes">General design notes</a></h2>
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<h3><a class="header" href="#requirements" id="requirements">Requirements</a></h3>
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<ul>
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<li>Keep the design close to Sapling, while eliminating aspects we don't like.</li>
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</ul>
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<h3><a class="header" href="#non-requirements" id="non-requirements">Non-requirements</a></h3>
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<ul>
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<li>Delegated proving with privacy from the prover.
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<ul>
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<li>We know how to do this, but it would require a discrete log equality proof, and the
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most efficient way to do this would be to do RedDSA and this at the same time, which
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means more work for e.g. hardware wallets.</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<h3><a class="header" href="#open-issues" id="open-issues">Open issues</a></h3>
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<ul>
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<li>Should we have one memo per output, or one memo per transaction, or 0..n memos?
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<ul>
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<li>Variable, or (1 or n), is a potential privacy leak.</li>
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<li>Need to consider the privacy issue related to light clients requesting individual
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memos vs being able to fetch all memos.</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<h3><a class="header" href="#key-structure" id="key-structure">Key structure</a></h3>
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<p>Provisional proposal: exactly the same key structure as Sapling.</p>
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<p>Group hashing uses the isogeny.</p>
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<ul>
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<li>nsk goes away; <code>nk</code> is now a field element</li>
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<li>TODO: ak / nk split enables splitting the security argument, but could consider merging.
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Merging would help with ivk derivation perf (though as a commitment now it's pretty cheap)</li>
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<li>TODO: nullifier computation</li>
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</ul>
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<p>ZIP 32 integration</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Use same Sapling design?</li>
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<li>Simpler "hardened-only" derivation structure?</li>
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<li>Improve diversifier integration / documentation</li>
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</ul>
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<h3><a class="header" href="#note-structure" id="note-structure">Note structure</a></h3>
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<ul>
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<li>TODO: UDAs: arbitrary vs whitelisted</li>
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</ul>
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<h3><a class="header" href="#typed-variables-vs-byte-encodings" id="typed-variables-vs-byte-encodings">Typed variables vs byte encodings</a></h3>
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<p>For Sapling, we have encountered multiple places where the specification uses typed
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variables to define the consensus rules, but the C++ implementation in zcashd relied on
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byte encodings to implement them. This resulted in subtly-different consensus rules being
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deployed than were intended, for example where a particular type was not round-trip
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encodable.</p>
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<p>In Orchard, we avoid this by defining the consensus rules in terms of the byte encodings
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of all variables, and being explicit about any types that are not round-trip encodable.
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This makes consensus compatibility between strongly-typed implementations (such as this
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crate) and byte-oriented implementations easier to achieve.</p>
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</main>
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<p>In Sprout, we had a single proof that represented two spent notes and two new notes. This
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||||
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|
||||
balance value, an output of one JoinSplit could be spent in the next one), but also
|
||||
provided a minimal level of arity-hiding: single-JoinSplit transactions all looked like
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2-in 2-out transactions, and in multi-JoinSplit transactions each JoinSplit looked like a
|
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1-in 1-out.</p>
|
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<p>In Sapling, we switched to using value commitments to balance the transaction, removing
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||||
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|
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|
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inherent arity-hiding as multi-JoinSplit Sprout, but using Sapling value commitments to
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||||
balance the transaction without doubling its size.</p>
|
||||
<p>TODO: Depending on the circuit cost, we <em>may</em> switch to having an action internally
|
||||
represent either a spend or an output. Externally spends and outputs would still be
|
||||
indistinguishable, but the transaction would be larger.</p>
|
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<h2><a class="header" href="#memo-fields" id="memo-fields">Memo fields</a></h2>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/actions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Actions</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/commitments.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Commitments</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/commitment-tree.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> Commitment tree</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/nullifiers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Nullifiers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/signatures.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Signatures</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/circuit.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> Circuit</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/actions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Actions</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/commitments.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Commitments</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/commitment-tree.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> Commitment tree</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/nullifiers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Nullifiers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/signatures.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Signatures</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/circuit.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> Circuit</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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<h1><a class="header" href="#commitment-tree" id="commitment-tree">Commitment tree</a></h1>
|
||||
<p>One of the things we learned from Sapling is that having a single global commitment tree
|
||||
makes life hard for light client wallets. When a new note is received, the wallet derives
|
||||
its incremental witness from the state of the global tree at the point when the note's
|
||||
commitment is appended; this incremental state then needs to be updated with every
|
||||
subsequent commitment in the block in-order. It isn't efficient for a server to
|
||||
pre-compute and send over the necessary incremental updates for every new note in a block,
|
||||
and if a wallet requested a specific update from the server it would leak the specific
|
||||
note that was received.</p>
|
||||
<p>Orchard addresses this by splitting the commitment tree into several sub-trees:</p>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li>Bundle tree, that accumulates the commitments within a single bundle (and thus a single
|
||||
transaction).</li>
|
||||
<li>Block tree, that accumulates the bundle tree roots within a single block.</li>
|
||||
<li>Global tree, that accumulates the block tree roots.</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<p>Each of these trees has a fixed depth (necessary for being able to create proofs).</p>
|
||||
<p>Chains that integrate Orchard can decouple the limits on commitments-per-subtree from
|
||||
higher-layer constraints like block size, by enabling their blocks and transactions to be
|
||||
structured internally as a series of Orchard blocks or txs (e.g. a Zcash block would
|
||||
contain a <code>Vec<BlockTreeRoot></code>, that each get appended in-order).</p>
|
||||
<p>Zcash level: we also bind these roots into the FlyClient history leaves, so that light
|
||||
clients can assert they are valid independently of the full block.</p>
|
||||
<p>TODO: Sean is pretty sure we can just improve the Incremental Merkle Tree implementation
|
||||
to work around this, without domain-separating the tree. If we can do that instead, it may
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be simpler.</p>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/actions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Actions</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/commitments.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Commitments</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/commitment-tree.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> Commitment tree</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/nullifiers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Nullifiers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/signatures.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Signatures</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/circuit.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> Circuit</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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<h1><a class="header" href="#commitments" id="commitments">Commitments</a></h1>
|
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<p>As in Sapling, we require two kinds of commitment schemes in Pollard:</p>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><span class="katex"><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.8888799999999999em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.08125em;">H</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">r</span><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="mord mathnormal">h</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal">c</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span></span></span></span> is a linearly homomorphic commitment scheme with perfect hiding, and
|
||||
strong binding reducible to DL.</li>
|
||||
<li><span class="katex"><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.68333em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span></span></span></span> and <span class="katex"><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.69444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">S</span><span class="mord mathnormal">h</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">r</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span></span></span></span> are commitment schemes with perfect hiding, and strong
|
||||
binding reducible to DL.</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<p>By "strong binding" we mean that the scheme is collision resistant on the input and
|
||||
randomness.</p>
|
||||
<p>We instantiate <span class="katex"><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.8888799999999999em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.08125em;">H</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">r</span><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="mord mathnormal">h</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal">c</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span></span></span></span> with a Pedersen commitment, and use it for value
|
||||
commitments:</p>
|
||||
<p><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.44444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathsf">c</span><span class="mord mathsf" style="margin-right:0.01389em;">v</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.08125em;">H</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">r</span><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="mord mathnormal">h</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal">c</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.724108em;"><span style="top:-2.4530000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathsf mtight" style="margin-right:0.01389em;">r</span><span class="mord mathsf mtight">c</span><span class="mord mathsf mtight" style="margin-right:0.01389em;">v</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathsf mtight">c</span><span class="mord mathsf mtight" style="margin-right:0.01389em;">v</span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.247em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">v</span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span></span></p>
|
||||
<p>We instantiate <span class="katex"><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.68333em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span></span></span></span> and <span class="katex"><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.69444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">S</span><span class="mord mathnormal">h</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">r</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span></span></span></span> with Sinsemilla, and use them for all other
|
||||
commitments:</p>
|
||||
<p><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.69444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathsf">i</span><span class="mord mathsf" style="margin-right:0.01389em;">v</span><span class="mord mathsf">k</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.1491079999999998em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">S</span><span class="mord mathnormal">h</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">r</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8991079999999998em;"><span style="top:-2.4530000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathsf mtight" style="margin-right:0.01389em;">r</span><span class="mord mathsf mtight">i</span><span class="mord mathsf mtight" style="margin-right:0.01389em;">v</span><span class="mord mathsf mtight">k</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathsf mtight">i</span><span class="mord mathsf mtight" style="margin-right:0.01389em;">v</span><span class="mord mathsf mtight">k</span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.247em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathsf">n</span><span class="mord mathsf">k</span></span><span class="mpunct">,</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathsf">a</span><span class="mord mathsf">k</span></span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span></span>
|
||||
<span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.44444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathsf">c</span><span class="mord mathsf">m</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.724108em;"><span style="top:-2.4530000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathsf mtight" style="margin-right:0.01389em;">r</span><span class="mord mathsf mtight">c</span><span class="mord mathsf mtight">m</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathsf mtight">c</span><span class="mord mathsf mtight">m</span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.247em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord text"><span class="mord">rest of note</span></span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span></span></p>
|
||||
<p>This is the same split (and rationale) as in Sapling, but using the more PLONK-efficient
|
||||
Sinsemilla instead of Bowe-Hopwood Pedersen hashes.</p>
|
||||
<p>Note that we also deviate from Sapling by using <span class="katex"><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.69444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">S</span><span class="mord mathnormal">h</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">r</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span></span></span></span> to deriving <span class="katex"><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.69444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathsf">i</span><span class="mord mathsf" style="margin-right:0.01389em;">v</span><span class="mord mathsf">k</span></span></span></span></span>
|
||||
instead of a full PRF. This removes an unnecessary (large) PRF primitive from the circuit,
|
||||
at the cost of requiring <span class="katex"><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.69444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathsf" style="margin-right:0.01389em;">r</span><span class="mord mathsf">i</span><span class="mord mathsf" style="margin-right:0.01389em;">v</span><span class="mord mathsf">k</span></span></span></span></span> to be part of the full viewing key.</p>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/actions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Actions</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/commitments.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Commitments</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/commitment-tree.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> Commitment tree</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/nullifiers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Nullifiers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/signatures.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Signatures</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/circuit.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> Circuit</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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||||
<h1><a class="header" href="#signatures" id="signatures">Signatures</a></h1>
|
||||
<p>Orchard signatures are an instantiation of RedDSA with a cofactor of 1.</p>
|
||||
<p>TODO:</p>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li>Should it be possible to sign partial transactions?
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li>If we're going to merge down all the signatures into a single one, and also want this, we need to ensure there's a feasible MPC.</li>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="index.html" class="active">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li></ol>
|
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="index.html" class="active">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/actions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Actions</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/commitments.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Commitments</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/commitment-tree.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> Commitment tree</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/nullifiers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Nullifiers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/signatures.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Signatures</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/circuit.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> Circuit</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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@ -163,7 +163,8 @@
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|||
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||||
<div id="content" class="content">
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||||
<main>
|
||||
<h1><a class="header" href="#orchard-a-hrefhttpscratesiocratesorchardimg-srchttpsimgshieldsiocratesvorchardsvg-altcratesio-a" id="orchard-a-hrefhttpscratesiocratesorchardimg-srchttpsimgshieldsiocratesvorchardsvg-altcratesio-a">orchard <a href="https://crates.io/crates/orchard"><img src="https://img.shields.io/crates/v/orchard.svg" alt="Crates.io" /></a></a></h1>
|
||||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/katex@0.12.0/dist/katex.min.css" integrity="sha384-AfEj0r4/OFrOo5t7NnNe46zW/tFgW6x/bCJG8FqQCEo3+Aro6EYUG4+cU+KJWu/X" crossorigin="anonymous">
|
||||
<h1><a class="header" href="#orchard-a-hrefhttpscratesiocratesorchardimg-srchttpsimgshieldsiocratesvorchardsvg-altcratesio-a" id="orchard-a-hrefhttpscratesiocratesorchardimg-srchttpsimgshieldsiocratesvorchardsvg-altcratesio-a">orchard <a href="https://crates.io/crates/orchard"><img src="https://img.shields.io/crates/v/orchard.svg" alt="Crates.io" /></a></a></h1>
|
||||
<p><strong>IMPORTANT</strong>: This library is being actively developed and should not be used in production software.</p>
|
||||
<h2><a class="header" href="#documentation" id="documentation">Documentation</a></h2>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
254
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254
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li></ol>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/actions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Actions</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/commitments.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Commitments</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/commitment-tree.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> Commitment tree</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/nullifiers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Nullifiers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/signatures.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Signatures</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="design/circuit.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> Circuit</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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<div id="content" class="content">
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<main>
|
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<h1><a class="header" href="#user-documentation" id="user-documentation">User Documentation</a></h1>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/katex@0.12.0/dist/katex.min.css" integrity="sha384-AfEj0r4/OFrOo5t7NnNe46zW/tFgW6x/bCJG8FqQCEo3+Aro6EYUG4+cU+KJWu/X" crossorigin="anonymous">
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<h1><a class="header" href="#user-documentation" id="user-documentation">User Documentation</a></h1>
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</main>
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|
||||
<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/creating-notes.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li></ol>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/creating-notes.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/actions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Actions</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/commitments.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Commitments</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/commitment-tree.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> Commitment tree</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/nullifiers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Nullifiers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/signatures.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Signatures</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/circuit.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> Circuit</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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<main>
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<h1><a class="header" href="#creating-notes" id="creating-notes">Creating notes</a></h1>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/katex@0.12.0/dist/katex.min.css" integrity="sha384-AfEj0r4/OFrOo5t7NnNe46zW/tFgW6x/bCJG8FqQCEo3+Aro6EYUG4+cU+KJWu/X" crossorigin="anonymous">
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<h1><a class="header" href="#creating-notes" id="creating-notes">Creating notes</a></h1>
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<nav id="sidebar" class="sidebar" aria-label="Table of contents">
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<div class="sidebar-scrollbox">
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/integration.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li></ol>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/integration.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/actions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Actions</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/commitments.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Commitments</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/commitment-tree.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> Commitment tree</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/nullifiers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Nullifiers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/signatures.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Signatures</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/circuit.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> Circuit</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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<h1><a class="header" href="#integration-into-an-existing-chain" id="integration-into-an-existing-chain">Integration into an existing chain</a></h1>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/katex@0.12.0/dist/katex.min.css" integrity="sha384-AfEj0r4/OFrOo5t7NnNe46zW/tFgW6x/bCJG8FqQCEo3+Aro6EYUG4+cU+KJWu/X" crossorigin="anonymous">
|
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<h1><a class="header" href="#integration-into-an-existing-chain" id="integration-into-an-existing-chain">Integration into an existing chain</a></h1>
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<nav id="sidebar" class="sidebar" aria-label="Table of contents">
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/keys.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li></ol>
|
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/keys.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/spending-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/actions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Actions</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/commitments.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Commitments</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/commitment-tree.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> Commitment tree</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/nullifiers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Nullifiers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/signatures.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Signatures</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/circuit.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> Circuit</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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<h1><a class="header" href="#creating-keys-and-addresses" id="creating-keys-and-addresses">Creating keys and addresses</a></h1>
|
||||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/katex@0.12.0/dist/katex.min.css" integrity="sha384-AfEj0r4/OFrOo5t7NnNe46zW/tFgW6x/bCJG8FqQCEo3+Aro6EYUG4+cU+KJWu/X" crossorigin="anonymous">
|
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<h1><a class="header" href="#creating-keys-and-addresses" id="creating-keys-and-addresses">Creating keys and addresses</a></h1>
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</main>
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<nav id="sidebar" class="sidebar" aria-label="Table of contents">
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<div class="sidebar-scrollbox">
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/spending-notes.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li></ol>
|
||||
<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Orchard</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Concepts</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../concepts/preliminaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Preliminaries</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> User Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/keys.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Creating keys and addresses</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/creating-notes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Creating notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/spending-notes.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Spending notes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user/integration.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Integration into an existing chain</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Design</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/actions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Actions</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/commitments.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Commitments</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/commitment-tree.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> Commitment tree</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/nullifiers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Nullifiers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/signatures.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Signatures</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../design/circuit.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> Circuit</a></li></ol></li></ol>
|
||||
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<div id="content" class="content">
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<main>
|
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<h1><a class="header" href="#spending-notes" id="spending-notes">Spending notes</a></h1>
|
||||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/katex@0.12.0/dist/katex.min.css" integrity="sha384-AfEj0r4/OFrOo5t7NnNe46zW/tFgW6x/bCJG8FqQCEo3+Aro6EYUG4+cU+KJWu/X" crossorigin="anonymous">
|
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<h1><a class="header" href="#spending-notes" id="spending-notes">Spending notes</a></h1>
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</main>
|
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Reference in New Issue