zebra/zebrad/src/commands/start/sync.rs

452 lines
18 KiB
Rust

use std::{collections::HashSet, iter, pin::Pin, sync::Arc, time::Duration};
use color_eyre::eyre::{eyre, Report};
use futures::future::FutureExt;
use futures::stream::{FuturesUnordered, StreamExt};
use tokio::{task::JoinHandle, time::delay_for};
use tower::{builder::ServiceBuilder, retry::Retry, timeout::Timeout, Service, ServiceExt};
use tracing_futures::Instrument;
use zebra_chain::{
block::{Block, BlockHeaderHash},
parameters::Network,
};
use zebra_consensus::checkpoint;
use zebra_consensus::parameters;
use zebra_network::{self as zn, RetryLimit};
use zebra_state as zs;
// XXX in the future, we may not be able to access the checkpoint module.
const FANOUT: usize = checkpoint::MAX_QUEUED_BLOCKS_PER_HEIGHT;
/// Controls how far ahead of the chain tip the syncer tries to download before
/// waiting for queued verifications to complete. Set to twice the maximum
/// checkpoint distance.
const LOOKAHEAD_LIMIT: usize = checkpoint::MAX_CHECKPOINT_HEIGHT_GAP * 2;
/// Controls how long we wait for a block download request to complete.
const BLOCK_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(6);
/// Controls how long we wait to restart syncing after finishing a sync run.
const SYNC_RESTART_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(20);
/// Helps work around defects in the bitcoin protocol by checking whether
/// the returned hashes actually extend a chain tip.
#[derive(Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq)]
struct CheckedTip {
tip: BlockHeaderHash,
expected_next: BlockHeaderHash,
}
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct Syncer<ZN, ZS, ZV>
where
ZN: Service<zn::Request, Response = zn::Response, Error = Error> + Send + Clone + 'static,
ZN::Future: Send,
ZS: Service<zs::Request, Response = zs::Response, Error = Error> + Send + Clone + 'static,
ZS::Future: Send,
ZV: Service<Arc<Block>, Response = BlockHeaderHash, Error = Error> + Send + Clone + 'static,
ZV::Future: Send,
{
/// Used to perform extendtips requests, with no retry logic (failover is handled using fanout).
tip_network: ZN,
/// Used to download blocks, with retry logic.
block_network: Retry<RetryLimit, Timeout<ZN>>,
state: ZS,
verifier: ZV,
prospective_tips: HashSet<CheckedTip>,
pending_blocks: Pin<Box<FuturesUnordered<JoinHandle<Result<BlockHeaderHash, Error>>>>>,
genesis_hash: BlockHeaderHash,
}
impl<ZN, ZS, ZV> Syncer<ZN, ZS, ZV>
where
ZN: Service<zn::Request, Response = zn::Response, Error = Error> + Send + Clone + 'static,
ZN::Future: Send,
ZS: Service<zs::Request, Response = zs::Response, Error = Error> + Send + Clone + 'static,
ZS::Future: Send,
ZV: Service<Arc<Block>, Response = BlockHeaderHash, Error = Error> + Send + Clone + 'static,
ZV::Future: Send,
{
/// Returns a new syncer instance, using:
/// - chain: the zebra-chain `Network` to download (Mainnet or Testnet)
/// - peers: the zebra-network peers to contact for downloads
/// - state: the zebra-state that stores the chain
/// - verifier: the zebra-consensus verifier that checks the chain
pub fn new(chain: Network, peers: ZN, state: ZS, verifier: ZV) -> Self {
let block_network = ServiceBuilder::new()
.retry(RetryLimit::new(3))
.timeout(BLOCK_TIMEOUT)
.service(peers.clone());
Self {
tip_network: peers,
block_network,
state,
verifier,
prospective_tips: HashSet::new(),
pending_blocks: Box::pin(FuturesUnordered::new()),
genesis_hash: parameters::genesis_hash(chain),
}
}
#[instrument(skip(self))]
pub async fn sync(&mut self) -> Result<(), Report> {
// We can't download the genesis block using our normal algorithm,
// due to protocol limitations
self.request_genesis().await?;
'sync: loop {
// Wipe state from prevous iterations.
self.prospective_tips = HashSet::new();
self.pending_blocks = Box::pin(FuturesUnordered::new());
tracing::info!("starting sync, obtaining new tips");
if self.obtain_tips().await.is_err() {
tracing::warn!("failed to obtain tips, waiting to restart sync");
delay_for(SYNC_RESTART_TIMEOUT).await;
continue 'sync;
};
self.update_metrics();
while !self.prospective_tips.is_empty() {
// Check whether any block tasks are currently ready:
while let Some(Some(rsp)) = self.pending_blocks.next().now_or_never() {
match rsp.expect("block download tasks should not panic") {
Ok(hash) => tracing::debug!(?hash, "verified and committed block to state"),
Err(e) => {
tracing::info!(?e, "restarting sync");
continue 'sync;
}
}
self.update_metrics();
}
// If we have too many pending tasks, wait for one to finish:
if self.pending_blocks.len() > LOOKAHEAD_LIMIT {
tracing::debug!(
tips.len = self.prospective_tips.len(),
pending.len = self.pending_blocks.len(),
pending.limit = LOOKAHEAD_LIMIT,
"waiting for pending blocks",
);
match self
.pending_blocks
.next()
.await
.expect("pending_blocks is nonempty")
.expect("block download tasks should not panic")
{
Ok(hash) => tracing::debug!(?hash, "verified and committed block to state"),
Err(e) => {
tracing::info!(?e, "restarting sync");
continue 'sync;
}
}
} else {
// Otherwise, we can keep extending the tips.
tracing::info!(
tips.len = self.prospective_tips.len(),
pending.len = self.pending_blocks.len(),
pending.limit = LOOKAHEAD_LIMIT,
"extending tips",
);
let _ = self.extend_tips().await;
}
self.update_metrics();
}
tracing::info!("exhausted tips, waiting to restart sync");
delay_for(SYNC_RESTART_TIMEOUT).await;
}
}
/// Given a block_locator list fan out request for subsequent hashes to
/// multiple peers
#[instrument(skip(self))]
async fn obtain_tips(&mut self) -> Result<(), Report> {
let block_locator = self
.state
.ready_and()
.await
.map_err(|e| eyre!(e))?
.call(zebra_state::Request::GetBlockLocator {
genesis: self.genesis_hash,
})
.await
.map(|response| match response {
zebra_state::Response::BlockLocator { block_locator } => block_locator,
_ => unreachable!(
"GetBlockLocator request can only result in Response::BlockLocator"
),
})
.map_err(|e| eyre!(e))?;
tracing::debug!(?block_locator, "trying to obtain new chain tips");
let mut requests = FuturesUnordered::new();
for _ in 0..FANOUT {
requests.push(
self.tip_network
.ready_and()
.await
.map_err(|e| eyre!(e))?
.call(zn::Request::FindBlocks {
known_blocks: block_locator.clone(),
stop: None,
}),
);
}
let mut download_set = HashSet::new();
while let Some(res) = requests.next().await {
match res.map_err::<Report, _>(|e| eyre!(e)) {
Ok(zn::Response::BlockHeaderHashes(hashes)) => {
let mut first_unknown = None;
for (i, &hash) in hashes.iter().enumerate() {
if !self.state_contains(hash).await? {
first_unknown = Some(i);
break;
}
}
tracing::debug!(hashes.len = ?hashes.len(), ?first_unknown);
let unknown_hashes = if let Some(index) = first_unknown {
&hashes[index..]
} else {
continue;
};
tracing::trace!(?unknown_hashes);
let new_tip = if let Some(end) = unknown_hashes.rchunks_exact(2).next() {
CheckedTip {
tip: end[0],
expected_next: end[1],
}
} else {
tracing::debug!("discarding response that extends only one block");
continue;
};
if !download_set.contains(&new_tip.expected_next) {
tracing::debug!(?new_tip, "adding new prospective tip");
self.prospective_tips.insert(new_tip);
} else {
tracing::debug!(?new_tip, "discarding tip already queued for download");
}
let prev_download_len = download_set.len();
download_set.extend(unknown_hashes);
let new_download_len = download_set.len();
tracing::debug!(
new_hashes = new_download_len - prev_download_len,
"added hashes to download set"
);
}
Ok(_) => unreachable!("network returned wrong response"),
// We ignore this error because we made multiple fanout requests.
Err(e) => tracing::debug!(?e),
}
}
tracing::debug!(?self.prospective_tips);
self.request_blocks(download_set.into_iter().collect())
.await?;
Ok(())
}
#[instrument(skip(self))]
async fn extend_tips(&mut self) -> Result<(), Report> {
let tips = std::mem::take(&mut self.prospective_tips);
let mut download_set = HashSet::new();
for tip in tips {
tracing::debug!(?tip, "extending tip");
let mut responses = FuturesUnordered::new();
for _ in 0..FANOUT {
responses.push(
self.tip_network
.ready_and()
.await
.map_err(|e| eyre!(e))?
.call(zn::Request::FindBlocks {
known_blocks: vec![tip.tip],
stop: None,
}),
);
}
while let Some(res) = responses.next().await {
match res.map_err::<Report, _>(|e| eyre!(e)) {
Ok(zn::Response::BlockHeaderHashes(hashes)) => {
tracing::debug!(first = ?hashes.first(), len = ?hashes.len());
let unknown_hashes = match hashes.split_first() {
None => continue,
Some((expected_hash, rest)) if expected_hash == &tip.expected_next => {
rest
}
Some((other_hash, _rest)) => {
tracing::debug!(?other_hash, ?tip.expected_next, "discarding response with unexpected next hash");
continue;
}
};
tracing::trace!(?unknown_hashes);
let new_tip = if let Some(end) = unknown_hashes.rchunks_exact(2).next() {
CheckedTip {
tip: end[0],
expected_next: end[1],
}
} else {
tracing::debug!("discarding response that extends only one block");
continue;
};
tracing::trace!(?hashes);
if !download_set.contains(&new_tip.expected_next) {
tracing::debug!(?new_tip, "adding new prospective tip");
self.prospective_tips.insert(new_tip);
} else {
tracing::debug!(?new_tip, "discarding tip already queued for download");
}
let prev_download_len = download_set.len();
download_set.extend(unknown_hashes);
let new_download_len = download_set.len();
tracing::debug!(
new_hashes = new_download_len - prev_download_len,
"added hashes to download set"
);
}
Ok(_) => unreachable!("network returned wrong response"),
// We ignore this error because we made multiple fanout requests.
Err(e) => tracing::debug!("{:?}", e),
}
}
}
self.request_blocks(download_set.into_iter().collect())
.await?;
Ok(())
}
/// Queue a download for the genesis block, if it isn't currently known to
/// our node.
#[instrument(skip(self))]
async fn request_genesis(&mut self) -> Result<(), Report> {
// Due to Bitcoin protocol limitations, we can't request the genesis
// block using our standard tip-following algorithm:
// - getblocks requires at least one hash
// - responses start with the block *after* the requested block, and
// - the genesis hash is used as a placeholder for "no matches".
//
// So we just queue the genesis block here.
while !self.state_contains(self.genesis_hash).await? {
self.request_blocks(vec![self.genesis_hash]).await?;
match self
.pending_blocks
.next()
.await
.expect("inserted a download request")
.expect("block download tasks should not panic")
{
Ok(hash) => tracing::debug!(?hash, "verified and committed block to state"),
Err(e) => tracing::warn!(?e, "could not download genesis block, retrying"),
}
}
Ok(())
}
/// Queue downloads for each block that isn't currently known to our node
async fn request_blocks(&mut self, hashes: Vec<BlockHeaderHash>) -> Result<(), Report> {
tracing::debug!(hashes.len = hashes.len(), "requesting blocks");
for hash in hashes.into_iter() {
// TODO: remove this check once the sync service is more reliable
if self.state_contains(hash).await? {
tracing::debug!(
?hash,
"request_blocks: Unexpected duplicate hash: already in state"
);
continue;
}
// We construct the block download requests sequentially, waiting
// for the peer set to be ready to process each request. This
// ensures that we start block downloads in the order we want them
// (though they may resolve out of order), and it means that we
// respect backpressure. Otherwise, if we waited for readiness and
// did the service call in the spawned tasks, all of the spawned
// tasks would race each other waiting for the network to become
// ready.
let block_req = self
.block_network
.ready_and()
.await
.map_err(|e| eyre!(e))?
.call(zn::Request::BlocksByHash(iter::once(hash).collect()));
tracing::debug!(?hash, "requested block");
let span = tracing::info_span!("block_fetch_verify", ?hash);
let mut verifier = self.verifier.clone();
let task = tokio::spawn(
async move {
let block = match block_req.await {
Ok(zn::Response::Blocks(blocks)) => blocks
.into_iter()
.next()
.expect("successful response has the block in it"),
Ok(_) => unreachable!("wrong response to block request"),
Err(e) => return Err(e),
};
metrics::counter!("sync.downloaded_blocks", 1);
let result = verifier.ready_and().await?.call(block).await;
metrics::counter!("sync.verified_blocks", 1);
result
}
.instrument(span),
);
self.pending_blocks.push(task);
}
Ok(())
}
/// Returns `Ok(true)` if the hash is present in the state, and `Ok(false)`
/// if the hash is not present in the state.
///
/// Returns `Err(_)` if an error occurs.
///
/// TODO: handle multiple tips in the state.
#[instrument(skip(self))]
async fn state_contains(&mut self, hash: BlockHeaderHash) -> Result<bool, Report> {
match self
.state
.ready_and()
.await
.map_err(|e| eyre!(e))?
.call(zebra_state::Request::GetDepth { hash })
.await
.map_err(|e| eyre!(e))?
{
zs::Response::Depth(Some(_)) => Ok(true),
zs::Response::Depth(None) => Ok(false),
_ => unreachable!("wrong response to depth request"),
}
}
fn update_metrics(&self) {
metrics::gauge!(
"sync.prospective_tips.len",
self.prospective_tips.len() as i64
);
metrics::gauge!("sync.pending_blocks.len", self.pending_blocks.len() as i64);
}
}
type Error = Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static>;