spendfrom.py sends coins from a particular address or addresses

Should be both useful and also a pretty good demonstration of
using the raw transactions API.
This commit is contained in:
Gavin Andresen 2013-01-04 20:05:56 -05:00
parent ea9788517b
commit dba91a9a67
3 changed files with 308 additions and 0 deletions

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contrib/spendfrom/README Normal file
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Use the raw transactions API to send coins received on a particular
address (or addresses).
Depends on jsonrpc
Usage:
spendfrom.py --from=FROMADDRESS1[,FROMADDRESS2] --to=TOADDRESS --amount=amount \
--fee=fee --datadir=/path/to/.bitcoin --testnet --dry_run
With no arguments, outputs a list of amounts associated with addresses.
With arguments, sends coins received by the FROMADDRESS addresses to the TOADDRESS.
You may explictly specify how much fee to pay (a fee more than 1% of the amount
will fail, though, to prevent bitcoin-losing accidents). Spendfrom may fail if
it thinks the transaction would never be confirmed (if the amount being sent is
too small, or if the transaction is too many bytes for the fee).
If a change output needs to be created, the change will be sent to the last
FROMADDRESS (if you specify just one FROMADDRESS, change will go back to it).
If --datadir is not specified, the default datadir is used.
The --dry_run option will just create and sign the the transaction and print
the transaction data (as hexadecimal), instead of broadcasting it.
If the transaction is created and broadcast successfully, a transaction id
is printed.
If this was a tool for end-users and not programmers, it would have much friendlier
error-handling.

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from distutils.core import setup
setup(name='btcspendfrom',
version='1.0',
description='Command-line utility for bitcoin "coin control"',
author='Gavin Andresen',
author_email='gavin@bitcoinfoundation.org',
requires=['jsonrpc'],
scripts=['spendfrom.py'],
)

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contrib/spendfrom/spendfrom.py Executable file
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#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# Use the raw transactions API to spend bitcoins received on particular addresses,
# and send any change back to that same address.
#
# Example usage:
# spendfrom.py # Lists available funds
# spendfrom.py --from=ADDRESS --to=ADDRESS --amount=11.00
#
# Assumes it will talk to a bitcoind or Bitcoin-Qt running
# on localhost.
#
# Depends on jsonrpc
#
from decimal import *
import getpass
import math
import os
import os.path
import platform
import sys
import time
from jsonrpc import ServiceProxy, json
BASE_FEE=Decimal("0.001")
def check_json_precision():
"""Make sure json library being used does not lose precision converting BTC values"""
n = Decimal("20000000.00000003")
satoshis = int(json.loads(json.dumps(float(n)))*1.0e8)
if satoshis != 2000000000000003:
raise RuntimeError("JSON encode/decode loses precision")
def determine_db_dir():
"""Return the default location of the bitcoin data directory"""
if platform.system() == "Darwin":
return os.path.expanduser("~/Library/Application Support/Bitcoin/")
elif platform.system() == "Windows":
return os.path.join(os.environ['APPDATA'], "Bitcoin")
return os.path.expanduser("~/.bitcoin")
def read_bitcoin_config(dbdir):
"""Read the bitcoin.conf file from dbdir, returns dictionary of settings"""
from ConfigParser import SafeConfigParser
class FakeSecHead(object):
def __init__(self, fp):
self.fp = fp
self.sechead = '[all]\n'
def readline(self):
if self.sechead:
try: return self.sechead
finally: self.sechead = None
else:
s = self.fp.readline()
if s.find('#') != -1:
s = s[0:s.find('#')].strip() +"\n"
return s
config_parser = SafeConfigParser()
config_parser.readfp(FakeSecHead(open(os.path.join(dbdir, "bitcoin.conf"))))
return dict(config_parser.items("all"))
def connect_JSON(config):
"""Connect to a bitcoin JSON-RPC server"""
testnet = config.get('testnet', '0')
testnet = (int(testnet) > 0) # 0/1 in config file, convert to True/False
if not 'rpcport' in config:
config['rpcport'] = 18332 if testnet else 8332
connect = "http://%s:%s@127.0.0.1:%s"%(config['rpcuser'], config['rpcpassword'], config['rpcport'])
try:
result = ServiceProxy(connect)
# ServiceProxy is lazy-connect, so send an RPC command mostly to catch connection errors,
# but also make sure the bitcoind we're talking to is/isn't testnet:
if result.getmininginfo()['testnet'] != testnet:
sys.stderr.write("RPC server at "+connect+" testnet setting mismatch\n")
sys.exit(1)
return result
except:
sys.stderr.write("Error connecting to RPC server at "+connect+"\n")
sys.exit(1)
def unlock_wallet(bitcoind):
info = bitcoind.getinfo()
if 'unlocked_until' not in info:
return True # wallet is not encrypted
t = int(info['unlocked_until'])
if t <= time.time():
try:
passphrase = getpass.getpass("Wallet is locked; enter passphrase: ")
bitcoind.walletpassphrase(passphrase, 5)
except:
sys.stderr.write("Wrong passphrase\n")
info = bitcoind.getinfo()
return int(info['unlocked_until']) > time.time()
def list_available(bitcoind):
address_summary = dict()
address_to_account = dict()
for info in bitcoind.listreceivedbyaddress(0):
address_to_account[info["address"]] = info["account"]
unspent = bitcoind.listunspent(0)
for output in unspent:
# listunspent doesn't give addresses, so:
rawtx = bitcoind.getrawtransaction(output['txid'], 1)
vout = rawtx["vout"][output['vout']]
pk = vout["scriptPubKey"]
# This code only deals with ordinary pay-to-bitcoin-address
# or pay-to-script-hash outputs right now; anything exotic is ignored.
if pk["type"] != "pubkeyhash" and pk["type"] != "scripthash":
continue
address = pk["addresses"][0]
if address in address_summary:
address_summary[address]["total"] += vout["value"]
address_summary[address]["outputs"].append(output)
else:
address_summary[address] = {
"total" : vout["value"],
"outputs" : [output],
"account" : address_to_account.get(address, "")
}
return address_summary
def select_coins(needed, inputs):
# Feel free to improve this, this is good enough for my simple needs:
outputs = []
have = Decimal("0.0")
n = 0
while have < needed and n < len(inputs):
outputs.append({ "txid":inputs[n]["txid"], "vout":inputs[n]["vout"]})
have += inputs[n]["amount"]
n += 1
return (outputs, have-needed)
def create_tx(bitcoind, fromaddresses, toaddress, amount, fee):
all_coins = list_available(bitcoind)
total_available = Decimal("0.0")
needed = amount+fee
potential_inputs = []
for addr in fromaddresses:
if addr not in all_coins:
continue
potential_inputs.extend(all_coins[addr]["outputs"])
total_available += all_coins[addr]["total"]
if total_available < needed:
sys.stderr.write("Error, only %f BTC available, need %f\n"%(total_available, needed));
sys.exit(1)
#
# Note:
# Python's json/jsonrpc modules have inconsistent support for Decimal numbers.
# Instead of wrestling with getting json.dumps() (used by jsonrpc) to encode
# Decimals, I'm casting amounts to float before sending them to bitcoind.
#
outputs = { toaddress : float(amount) }
(inputs, change_amount) = select_coins(needed, potential_inputs)
if change_amount > BASE_FEE: # don't bother with zero or tiny change
change_address = fromaddresses[-1]
if change_address in outputs:
outputs[change_address] += float(change_amount)
else:
outputs[change_address] = float(change_amount)
rawtx = bitcoind.createrawtransaction(inputs, outputs)
signed_rawtx = bitcoind.signrawtransaction(rawtx)
if not signed_rawtx["complete"]:
sys.stderr.write("signrawtransaction failed\n")
sys.exit(1)
txdata = signed_rawtx["hex"]
return txdata
def compute_amount_in(bitcoind, txinfo):
result = Decimal("0.0")
for vin in txinfo['vin']:
in_info = bitcoind.getrawtransaction(vin['txid'], 1)
vout = in_info['vout'][vin['vout']]
result = result + vout['value']
return result
def compute_amount_out(txinfo):
result = Decimal("0.0")
for vout in txinfo['vout']:
result = result + vout['value']
return result
def sanity_test_fee(bitcoind, txdata_hex, max_fee):
class FeeError(RuntimeError):
pass
try:
txinfo = bitcoind.decoderawtransaction(txdata_hex)
total_in = compute_amount_in(bitcoind, txinfo)
total_out = compute_amount_out(txinfo)
if total_in-total_out > max_fee:
raise FeeError("Rejecting transaction, unreasonable fee of "+str(total_in-total_out))
tx_size = len(txdata_hex)/2
kb = tx_size/1000 # integer division rounds down
if kb > 1 and fee < BASE_FEE:
raise FeeError("Rejecting no-fee transaction, larger than 1000 bytes")
if total_in < 0.01 and fee < BASE_FEE:
raise FeeError("Rejecting no-fee, tiny-amount transaction")
# Exercise for the reader: compute transaction priority, and
# warn if this is a very-low-priority transaction
except FeeError as err:
sys.stderr.write((str(err)+"\n"))
sys.exit(1)
def main():
import optparse
parser = optparse.OptionParser(usage="%prog [options]")
parser.add_option("--from", dest="fromaddresses", default=None,
help="addresses to get bitcoins from")
parser.add_option("--to", dest="to", default=None,
help="address to get send bitcoins to")
parser.add_option("--amount", dest="amount", default=None,
help="amount to send")
parser.add_option("--fee", dest="fee", default="0.0",
help="fee to include")
parser.add_option("--datadir", dest="datadir", default=determine_db_dir(),
help="location of bitcoin.conf file with RPC username/password (default: %default)")
parser.add_option("--testnet", dest="testnet", default=False, action="store_true",
help="Use the test network")
parser.add_option("--dry_run", dest="dry_run", default=False, action="store_true",
help="Don't broadcast the transaction, just create and print the transaction data")
(options, args) = parser.parse_args()
check_json_precision()
config = read_bitcoin_config(options.datadir)
if options.testnet: config['testnet'] = True
bitcoind = connect_JSON(config)
if options.amount is None:
address_summary = list_available(bitcoind)
for address,info in address_summary.iteritems():
n_transactions = len(info['outputs'])
if n_transactions > 1:
print("%s %.8f %s (%d transactions)"%(address, info['total'], info['account'], n_transactions))
else:
print("%s %.8f %s"%(address, info['total'], info['account']))
else:
fee = Decimal(options.fee)
amount = Decimal(options.amount)
while unlock_wallet(bitcoind) == False:
pass # Keep asking for passphrase until they get it right
txdata = create_tx(bitcoind, options.fromaddresses.split(","), options.to, amount, fee)
sanity_test_fee(bitcoind, txdata, amount*Decimal("0.01"))
if options.dry_run:
print(txdata)
else:
txid = bitcoind.sendrawtransaction(txdata)
print(txid)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()