fix: replace tweetnacl impl

* Install `@noble/ed25519` and create a shim

* Replace `tweetnacl` with `@noble/ed25519` in `Account` class

* Replace `tweetnacl` with `@noble/ed25519` in `Keypair` class

* Replace `tweetnacl` with `@noble/ed25519` in `PublicKey` class

* Replace `tweetnacl` with `@noble/ed25519` in `Ed25519Program` class

* Replace `tweetnacl` with `@noble/ed25519` in `Transaction` class

* Replace `tweetnacl` with `@noble/ed25519` in versioned `Transaction` class

* Remove `tweetnacl` from project

* Damnit, typedoc.

web3.js/package-lock.json

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
       "license": "MIT",
       "dependencies": {
         "@babel/runtime": "^7.12.5",
+        "@noble/ed25519": "^1.7.0",
         "@noble/hashes": "^1.1.2",
         "@noble/secp256k1": "^1.6.3",
         "@solana/buffer-layout": "^4.0.0",
@@ -23,8 +24,7 @@
         "js-sha3": "^0.8.0",
         "node-fetch": "2",
         "rpc-websockets": "^7.5.0",
-        "superstruct": "^0.14.2",
+        "superstruct": "^0.14.2"
-        "tweetnacl": "^1.0.3"
       },
       "devDependencies": {
         "@babel/core": "^7.12.13",
@@ -2754,6 +2754,17 @@
         "@jridgewell/sourcemap-codec": "^1.4.10"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/@noble/ed25519": {
+      "version": "1.7.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@noble/ed25519/-/ed25519-1.7.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-LeAxFK0+181zQOhOUuKE8Jnd3duzYhDNd3iCLxpmzA5K+e4I1FdbrK3Ot0ZHBwZMeRD/6EojyUfTbpHZ+hkQHg==",
+      "funding": [
+        {
+          "type": "individual",
+          "url": "https://paulmillr.com/funding/"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
     "node_modules/@noble/hashes": {
       "version": "1.1.2",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@noble/hashes/-/hashes-1.1.2.tgz",
@@ -15849,7 +15860,8 @@
     "node_modules/tweetnacl": {
       "version": "1.0.3",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/tweetnacl/-/tweetnacl-1.0.3.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-6rt+RN7aOi1nGMyC4Xa5DdYiukl2UWCbcJft7YhxReBGQD7OAM8Pbxw6YMo4r2diNEA8FEmu32YOn9rhaiE5yw=="
+      "integrity": "sha512-6rt+RN7aOi1nGMyC4Xa5DdYiukl2UWCbcJft7YhxReBGQD7OAM8Pbxw6YMo4r2diNEA8FEmu32YOn9rhaiE5yw==",
+      "dev": true
     },
     "node_modules/type-check": {
       "version": "0.4.0",
@@ -18564,6 +18576,11 @@
         "@jridgewell/sourcemap-codec": "^1.4.10"
       }
     },
+    "@noble/ed25519": {
+      "version": "1.7.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@noble/ed25519/-/ed25519-1.7.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-LeAxFK0+181zQOhOUuKE8Jnd3duzYhDNd3iCLxpmzA5K+e4I1FdbrK3Ot0ZHBwZMeRD/6EojyUfTbpHZ+hkQHg=="
+    },
     "@noble/hashes": {
       "version": "1.1.2",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@noble/hashes/-/hashes-1.1.2.tgz",
@@ -28560,7 +28577,8 @@
     "tweetnacl": {
       "version": "1.0.3",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/tweetnacl/-/tweetnacl-1.0.3.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-6rt+RN7aOi1nGMyC4Xa5DdYiukl2UWCbcJft7YhxReBGQD7OAM8Pbxw6YMo4r2diNEA8FEmu32YOn9rhaiE5yw=="
+      "integrity": "sha512-6rt+RN7aOi1nGMyC4Xa5DdYiukl2UWCbcJft7YhxReBGQD7OAM8Pbxw6YMo4r2diNEA8FEmu32YOn9rhaiE5yw==",
+      "dev": true
     },
     "type-check": {
       "version": "0.4.0",

web3.js/package.json

@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "@babel/runtime": "^7.12.5",
+    "@noble/ed25519": "^1.7.0",
     "@noble/hashes": "^1.1.2",
     "@noble/secp256k1": "^1.6.3",
     "@solana/buffer-layout": "^4.0.0",
@@ -71,8 +72,7 @@
     "js-sha3": "^0.8.0",
     "node-fetch": "2",
     "rpc-websockets": "^7.5.0",
-    "superstruct": "^0.14.2",
+    "superstruct": "^0.14.2"
-    "tweetnacl": "^1.0.3"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@babel/core": "^7.12.13",

web3.js/rollup.config.js

@@ -97,6 +97,8 @@ function generateConfig(configType, format) {
       /@babel\/runtime/,
       '@noble/hashes/hmac',
       '@noble/hashes/sha256',
+      '@noble/hashes/sha512',
+      '@noble/ed25519',
       '@noble/secp256k1',
       '@solana/buffer-layout',
       'bigint-buffer',
@@ -110,7 +112,6 @@ function generateConfig(configType, format) {
       'node-fetch',
       'rpc-websockets',
       'superstruct',
-      'tweetnacl',
     ];
   }
 
@@ -163,6 +164,8 @@ function generateConfig(configType, format) {
             '@solana/buffer-layout',
             '@noble/hashes/hmac',
             '@noble/hashes/sha256',
+            '@noble/hashes/sha512',
+            '@noble/ed25519',
             '@noble/secp256k1',
             'bigint-buffer',
             'bn.js',
@@ -178,7 +181,6 @@ function generateConfig(configType, format) {
             'react-native-url-polyfill',
             'rpc-websockets',
             'superstruct',
-            'tweetnacl',
           ];
 
           break;

web3.js/src/account.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-import nacl from 'tweetnacl';
+import {Buffer} from 'buffer';
-import type {SignKeyPair as KeyPair} from 'tweetnacl';
-import type {Buffer} from 'buffer';
 
+import {generatePrivateKey, getPublicKey} from './utils/ed25519';
 import {toBuffer} from './utils/to-buffer';
 import {PublicKey} from './publickey';
 
@@ -12,7 +11,9 @@ import {PublicKey} from './publickey';
  */
 export class Account {
   /** @internal */
-  _keypair: KeyPair;
+  private _publicKey: Buffer;
+  /** @internal */
+  private _secretKey: Buffer;
 
   /**
    * Create a new Account object
@@ -24,9 +25,15 @@ export class Account {
    */
   constructor(secretKey?: Buffer | Uint8Array | Array<number>) {
     if (secretKey) {
-      this._keypair = nacl.sign.keyPair.fromSecretKey(toBuffer(secretKey));
+      const secretKeyBuffer = toBuffer(secretKey);
+      if (secretKey.length !== 64) {
+        throw new Error('bad secret key size');
+      }
+      this._publicKey = secretKeyBuffer.slice(32, 64);
+      this._secretKey = secretKeyBuffer.slice(0, 32);
     } else {
-      this._keypair = nacl.sign.keyPair();
+      this._secretKey = toBuffer(generatePrivateKey());
+      this._publicKey = toBuffer(getPublicKey(this._secretKey));
     }
   }
 
@@ -34,13 +41,15 @@ export class Account {
    * The public key for this account
    */
   get publicKey(): PublicKey {
-    return new PublicKey(this._keypair.publicKey);
+    return new PublicKey(this._publicKey);
   }
 
   /**
-   * The **unencrypted** secret key for this account
+   * The **unencrypted** secret key for this account. The first 32 bytes
+   * is the private scalar and the last 32 bytes is the public key.
+   * Read more: https://blog.mozilla.org/warner/2011/11/29/ed25519-keys/
    */
   get secretKey(): Buffer {
-    return toBuffer(this._keypair.secretKey);
+    return Buffer.concat([this._secretKey, this._publicKey], 64);
   }
 }

web3.js/src/keypair.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-import nacl from 'tweetnacl';
+import {generateKeypair, getPublicKey, Ed25519Keypair} from './utils/ed25519';
-
 import {PublicKey} from './publickey';
 
 /**
@@ -10,14 +9,6 @@ export interface Signer {
   secretKey: Uint8Array;
 }
 
-/**
- * Ed25519 Keypair
- */
-export interface Ed25519Keypair {
-  publicKey: Uint8Array;
-  secretKey: Uint8Array;
-}
-
 /**
  * An account keypair used for signing transactions.
  */
@@ -31,18 +22,14 @@ export class Keypair {
    * @param keypair ed25519 keypair
    */
   constructor(keypair?: Ed25519Keypair) {
-    if (keypair) {
+    this._keypair = keypair ?? generateKeypair();
-      this._keypair = keypair;
-    } else {
-      this._keypair = nacl.sign.keyPair();
-    }
   }
 
   /**
    * Generate a new random keypair
    */
   static generate(): Keypair {
-    return new Keypair(nacl.sign.keyPair());
+    return new Keypair(generateKeypair());
   }
 
   /**
@@ -61,16 +48,20 @@ export class Keypair {
     secretKey: Uint8Array,
     options?: {skipValidation?: boolean},
   ): Keypair {
-    const keypair = nacl.sign.keyPair.fromSecretKey(secretKey);
+    if (secretKey.byteLength !== 64) {
+      throw new Error('bad secret key size');
+    }
+    const publicKey = secretKey.slice(32, 64);
     if (!options || !options.skipValidation) {
-      const encoder = new TextEncoder();
+      const privateScalar = secretKey.slice(0, 32);
-      const signData = encoder.encode('@solana/web3.js-validation-v1');
+      const computedPublicKey = getPublicKey(privateScalar);
-      const signature = nacl.sign.detached(signData, keypair.secretKey);
+      for (let ii = 0; ii < 32; ii++) {
-      if (!nacl.sign.detached.verify(signData, signature, keypair.publicKey)) {
+        if (publicKey[ii] !== computedPublicKey[ii]) {
-        throw new Error('provided secretKey is invalid');
+          throw new Error('provided secretKey is invalid');
+        }
       }
     }
-    return new Keypair(keypair);
+    return new Keypair({publicKey, secretKey});
   }
 
   /**
@@ -79,7 +70,11 @@ export class Keypair {
    * @param seed seed byte array
    */
   static fromSeed(seed: Uint8Array): Keypair {
-    return new Keypair(nacl.sign.keyPair.fromSeed(seed));
+    const publicKey = getPublicKey(seed);
+    const secretKey = new Uint8Array(64);
+    secretKey.set(seed);
+    secretKey.set(publicKey, 32);
+    return new Keypair({publicKey, secretKey});
   }
 
   /**

web3.js/src/programs/ed25519.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 import {Buffer} from 'buffer';
 import * as BufferLayout from '@solana/buffer-layout';
-import nacl from 'tweetnacl';
 
 import {Keypair} from '../keypair';
 import {PublicKey} from '../publickey';
 import {TransactionInstruction} from '../transaction';
 import assert from '../utils/assert';
+import {sign} from '../utils/ed25519';
 
 const PRIVATE_KEY_BYTES = 64;
 const PUBLIC_KEY_BYTES = 32;
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ export class Ed25519Program {
     try {
       const keypair = Keypair.fromSecretKey(privateKey);
       const publicKey = keypair.publicKey.toBytes();
-      const signature = nacl.sign.detached(message, keypair.secretKey);
+      const signature = sign(message, keypair.secretKey);
 
       return this.createInstructionWithPublicKey({
         publicKey,

web3.js/src/publickey.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 import BN from 'bn.js';
 import bs58 from 'bs58';
 import {Buffer} from 'buffer';
-import nacl from 'tweetnacl';
 import {sha256} from '@noble/hashes/sha256';
 
+import {isOnCurve} from './utils/ed25519';
 import {Struct, SOLANA_SCHEMA} from './utils/borsh-schema';
 import {toBuffer} from './utils/to-buffer';
 
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ export class PublicKey extends Struct {
       Buffer.from('ProgramDerivedAddress'),
     ]);
     const publicKeyBytes = sha256(buffer);
-    if (is_on_curve(publicKeyBytes)) {
+    if (isOnCurve(publicKeyBytes)) {
       throw new Error(`Invalid seeds, address must fall off the curve`);
     }
     return new PublicKey(publicKeyBytes);
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ export class PublicKey extends Struct {
    */
   static isOnCurve(pubkeyData: PublicKeyInitData): boolean {
     const pubkey = new PublicKey(pubkeyData);
-    return is_on_curve(pubkey.toBytes()) == 1;
+    return isOnCurve(pubkey.toBytes());
   }
 }
 
@@ -236,66 +236,3 @@ SOLANA_SCHEMA.set(PublicKey, {
   kind: 'struct',
   fields: [['_bn', 'u256']],
 });
-
-// @ts-ignore
-let naclLowLevel = nacl.lowlevel;
-
-// Check that a pubkey is on the curve.
-// This function and its dependents were sourced from:
-// https://github.com/dchest/tweetnacl-js/blob/f1ec050ceae0861f34280e62498b1d3ed9c350c6/nacl.js#L792
-function is_on_curve(p: any) {
-  var r = [
-    naclLowLevel.gf(),
-    naclLowLevel.gf(),
-    naclLowLevel.gf(),
-    naclLowLevel.gf(),
-  ];
-
-  var t = naclLowLevel.gf(),
-    chk = naclLowLevel.gf(),
-    num = naclLowLevel.gf(),
-    den = naclLowLevel.gf(),
-    den2 = naclLowLevel.gf(),
-    den4 = naclLowLevel.gf(),
-    den6 = naclLowLevel.gf();
-
-  naclLowLevel.set25519(r[2], gf1);
-  naclLowLevel.unpack25519(r[1], p);
-  naclLowLevel.S(num, r[1]);
-  naclLowLevel.M(den, num, naclLowLevel.D);
-  naclLowLevel.Z(num, num, r[2]);
-  naclLowLevel.A(den, r[2], den);
-
-  naclLowLevel.S(den2, den);
-  naclLowLevel.S(den4, den2);
-  naclLowLevel.M(den6, den4, den2);
-  naclLowLevel.M(t, den6, num);
-  naclLowLevel.M(t, t, den);
-
-  naclLowLevel.pow2523(t, t);
-  naclLowLevel.M(t, t, num);
-  naclLowLevel.M(t, t, den);
-  naclLowLevel.M(t, t, den);
-  naclLowLevel.M(r[0], t, den);
-
-  naclLowLevel.S(chk, r[0]);
-  naclLowLevel.M(chk, chk, den);
-  if (neq25519(chk, num)) naclLowLevel.M(r[0], r[0], I);
-
-  naclLowLevel.S(chk, r[0]);
-  naclLowLevel.M(chk, chk, den);
-  if (neq25519(chk, num)) return 0;
-  return 1;
-}
-let gf1 = naclLowLevel.gf([1]);
-let I = naclLowLevel.gf([
-  0xa0b0, 0x4a0e, 0x1b27, 0xc4ee, 0xe478, 0xad2f, 0x1806, 0x2f43, 0xd7a7,
-  0x3dfb, 0x0099, 0x2b4d, 0xdf0b, 0x4fc1, 0x2480, 0x2b83,
-]);
-function neq25519(a: any, b: any) {
-  var c = new Uint8Array(32),
-    d = new Uint8Array(32);
-  naclLowLevel.pack25519(c, a);
-  naclLowLevel.pack25519(d, b);
-  return naclLowLevel.crypto_verify_32(c, 0, d, 0);
-}

web3.js/src/transaction/legacy.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import nacl from 'tweetnacl';
 import bs58 from 'bs58';
 import {Buffer} from 'buffer';
 
@@ -12,6 +11,7 @@ import invariant from '../utils/assert';
 import type {Signer} from '../keypair';
 import type {Blockhash} from '../blockhash';
 import type {CompiledInstruction} from '../message';
+import {sign, verify} from '../utils/ed25519';
 
 /**
  * Transaction signature as base-58 encoded string
@@ -658,7 +658,7 @@ export class Transaction {
   _partialSign(message: Message, ...signers: Array<Signer>) {
     const signData = message.serialize();
     signers.forEach(signer => {
-      const signature = nacl.sign.detached(signData, signer.secretKey);
+      const signature = sign(signData, signer.secretKey);
       this._addSignature(signer.publicKey, toBuffer(signature));
     });
   }
@@ -706,9 +706,7 @@ export class Transaction {
           return false;
         }
       } else {
-        if (
+        if (!verify(signature, signData, publicKey.toBuffer())) {
-          !nacl.sign.detached.verify(signData, signature, publicKey.toBuffer())
-        ) {
           return false;
         }
       }

web3.js/src/transaction/versioned.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import nacl from 'tweetnacl';
 import * as BufferLayout from '@solana/buffer-layout';
 
 import {Signer} from '../keypair';
@@ -7,6 +6,7 @@ import {VersionedMessage} from '../message/versioned';
 import {SIGNATURE_LENGTH_IN_BYTES} from './constants';
 import * as shortvec from '../utils/shortvec-encoding';
 import * as Layout from '../layout';
+import {sign} from '../utils/ed25519';
 
 export type TransactionVersion = 'legacy' | 0;
 
@@ -99,10 +99,7 @@ export class VersionedTransaction {
         signerIndex >= 0,
         `Cannot sign with non signer key ${signer.publicKey.toBase58()}`,
       );
-      this.signatures[signerIndex] = nacl.sign.detached(
+      this.signatures[signerIndex] = sign(messageData, signer.secretKey);
-        messageData,
-        signer.secretKey,
-      );
     }
   }
 }

web3.js/src/utils/ed25519.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+import {sha512} from '@noble/hashes/sha512';
+import * as ed25519 from '@noble/ed25519';
+
+/**
+ * A 64 byte secret key, the first 32 bytes of which is the
+ * private scalar and the last 32 bytes is the public key.
+ * Read more: https://blog.mozilla.org/warner/2011/11/29/ed25519-keys/
+ */
+type Ed25519SecretKey = Uint8Array;
+
+/**
+ * Ed25519 Keypair
+ */
+export interface Ed25519Keypair {
+  publicKey: Uint8Array;
+  secretKey: Ed25519SecretKey;
+}
+
+ed25519.utils.sha512Sync = (...m) => sha512(ed25519.utils.concatBytes(...m));
+
+export const generatePrivateKey = ed25519.utils.randomPrivateKey;
+export const generateKeypair = (): Ed25519Keypair => {
+  const privateScalar = ed25519.utils.randomPrivateKey();
+  const publicKey = getPublicKey(privateScalar);
+  const secretKey = new Uint8Array(64);
+  secretKey.set(privateScalar);
+  secretKey.set(publicKey, 32);
+  return {
+    publicKey,
+    secretKey,
+  };
+};
+export const getPublicKey = ed25519.sync.getPublicKey;
+export function isOnCurve(publicKey: Uint8Array): boolean {
+  try {
+    ed25519.Point.fromHex(publicKey, true /* strict */);
+    return true;
+  } catch {
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+export const sign = (
+  message: Parameters<typeof ed25519.sync.sign>[0],
+  secretKey: Ed25519SecretKey,
+) => ed25519.sync.sign(message, secretKey.slice(0, 32));
+export const verify = ed25519.sync.verify;

web3.js/src/utils/index.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 export * from './borsh-schema';
 export * from './cluster';
+export type {Ed25519Keypair} from './ed25519';
 export * from './send-and-confirm-raw-transaction';
 export * from './send-and-confirm-transaction';

web3.js/test/program-tests/ed25519.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import {Buffer} from 'buffer';
-import nacl from 'tweetnacl';
 
 import {
   Connection,
@@ -9,6 +8,7 @@ import {
   Transaction,
   Ed25519Program,
 } from '../../src';
+import {sign} from '../../src/utils/ed25519';
 import {url} from '../url';
 
 if (process.env.TEST_LIVE) {
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ if (process.env.TEST_LIVE) {
 
     it('create ed25519 instruction', async () => {
       const message = Buffer.from('string address');
-      const signature = nacl.sign.detached(message, privateKey);
+      const signature = sign(message, privateKey);
       const transaction = new Transaction().add(
         Ed25519Program.createInstructionWithPublicKey({
           publicKey,

web3.js/test/transaction.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import bs58 from 'bs58';
 import {Buffer} from 'buffer';
-import nacl from 'tweetnacl';
 import {expect} from 'chai';
 
 import {Connection} from '../src/connection';
@@ -17,6 +16,7 @@ import invariant from '../src/utils/assert';
 import {toBuffer} from '../src/utils/to-buffer';
 import {helpers} from './mocks/rpc-http';
 import {url} from './url';
+import {sign} from '../src/utils/ed25519';
 
 describe('Transaction', () => {
   describe('compileMessage', () => {
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ describe('Transaction', () => {
     tx.recentBlockhash = bs58.encode(recentBlockhash);
     tx.setSigners(from.publicKey);
     const tx_bytes = tx.serializeMessage();
-    const signature = nacl.sign.detached(tx_bytes, from.secretKey);
+    const signature = sign(tx_bytes, from.secretKey);
     tx.addSignature(from.publicKey, toBuffer(signature));
     expect(tx.verifySignatures()).to.be.true;
   });
@@ -855,7 +855,7 @@ describe('Transaction', () => {
     tx.recentBlockhash = bs58.encode(recentBlockhash);
     tx.feePayer = from.publicKey;
     const tx_bytes = tx.serializeMessage();
-    const signature = nacl.sign.detached(tx_bytes, from.secretKey);
+    const signature = sign(tx_bytes, from.secretKey);
     tx.addSignature(from.publicKey, toBuffer(signature));
     expect(tx.verifySignatures()).to.be.true;
   });

web3.js/test/validator-info.test.ts

@@ -1,15 +1,13 @@
 import {Buffer} from 'buffer';
 import {expect} from 'chai';
-import nacl from 'tweetnacl';
 
+import {Keypair} from '../src/keypair';
 import {PublicKey} from '../src/publickey';
 import {ValidatorInfo} from '../src/validator-info';
 
 describe('ValidatorInfo', () => {
   it('from config account data', () => {
-    const keypair = nacl.sign.keyPair.fromSeed(
+    const keypair = Keypair.fromSeed(Uint8Array.from(Array(32).fill(8)));
-      Uint8Array.from(Array(32).fill(8)),
-    );
 
     const expectedValidatorInfo = new ValidatorInfo(
       new PublicKey(keypair.publicKey),

web3.js/yarn.lock

@@ -1345,6 +1345,11 @@
     "@jridgewell/resolve-uri" "^3.0.3"
     "@jridgewell/sourcemap-codec" "^1.4.10"
 
+"@noble/ed25519@^1.7.0":
+  version "1.7.0"
+  resolved "https://registry.npmjs.org/@noble/ed25519/-/ed25519-1.7.0.tgz"
+  integrity sha512-LeAxFK0+181zQOhOUuKE8Jnd3duzYhDNd3iCLxpmzA5K+e4I1FdbrK3Ot0ZHBwZMeRD/6EojyUfTbpHZ+hkQHg==
+
 "@noble/hashes@^1.1.2":
   version "1.1.2"
   resolved "https://registry.npmjs.org/@noble/hashes/-/hashes-1.1.2.tgz"
@@ -8215,7 +8220,7 @@ tsutils@^3.21.0:
   dependencies:
     tslib "^1.8.1"
 
-tweetnacl@^1.0.0, tweetnacl@^1.0.3:
+tweetnacl@^1.0.0:
   version "1.0.3"
   resolved "https://registry.npmjs.org/tweetnacl/-/tweetnacl-1.0.3.tgz"
   integrity sha512-6rt+RN7aOi1nGMyC4Xa5DdYiukl2UWCbcJft7YhxReBGQD7OAM8Pbxw6YMo4r2diNEA8FEmu32YOn9rhaiE5yw==