Better formatting and lots of terminology links
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Greg Fitzgerald
Grimes
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## Terminology
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# Terminology
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### Teminology Currently in Use
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## Teminology Currently in Use
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The following list contains words commonly used throughout the Solana architecture.
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The following list contains words commonly used throughout the Solana
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architecture.
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* account - a persistent file addressed by pubkey and with tokens tracking its lifetime
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#### account
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* block - the entries generated within a slot
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* bootstrap leader - the first fullnode to take the leader role
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A persistent file addressed by [public key](#public-key) and with tokens
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* client - a node that utilizes the cluster
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tracking its lifetime.
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* cluster - a set of fullnodes maintaining a single ledger
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* control plane - a gossip network connecting all nodes of a cluster
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#### block
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* data plane - a multicast network used to efficiently validate entries and gain consensus
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* entry - an entry on the ledger - either a tick or a transactions entry
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The [entries](#entry) generated within a [slot](#slot).
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* finality - the wallclock duration between a leader creating a tick entry and recognizing
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a supermajority of validator votes with a ledger interpretation that matches the leader's
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#### bootstrap leader
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* fork - a ledger derived from common entries but then diverged
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* fullnode - a full participant in the cluster - either a leader or validator node
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The first [fullnode](#fullnode) to take the [leader](#leader) role.
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* genesis block - the first entries of the ledger
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* instruction - the smallest unit of a program that a client can include in a transaction
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#### client
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* keypair - a public and secret key
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* leader - the role of a fullnode when it is appending entries to the ledger
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A [node](#node) that utilizes the [cluster](#cluster).
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* ledger - a list of entries containing transactions signed by clients
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* ledger vote - a hash of the fullnode's state at a given tick height
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#### cluster
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* lockout - the duration of time in which a fullnode is unable to vote on another fork
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* node count - the number of fullnodes participating in a cluster
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A set of [fullnodes](#fullnode) maintaining a single [ledger](#ledger).
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* program - the code that interprets instructions
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* pubkey - a shorthand for public key
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#### control plane
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* public key - the public key of a keypair
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* replicator - a type of client that stores copies of segments of the ledger
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A gossip network connecting all [nodes](#node) of a [cluster](#cluster).
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* secret key - the private key of a keypair
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* slot - the time in which a single leader may produce entries
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#### data plane
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* stake - tokens forfeit to the cluster if malicious fullnode behavior can be proven
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* tick - a ledger entry that estimates wallclock duration
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A multicast network used to efficiently validate [entries](#entry) and gain
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* tick height - the Nth tick in the ledger
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consensus.
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* tps - transactions per second
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* transaction - one or more instructions signed by the client and executed atomically
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#### entry
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* transactions entry - a set of transactions that may be executed in parallel
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* validator - the role of a fullnode when it is validating the leader's latest entries
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An entry on the [ledger](#ledger) either a [tick](#tick) or a [transactions
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entry](#transactions-entry).
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#### finality
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The wallclock duration between a [leader](#leader) creating a [tick
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entry](#tick) and recognizing a supermajority of [ledger votes](#ledger-vote)
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with a ledger interpretation that matches the leader's.
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#### fork
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A [ledger](#ledger) derived from common entries but then diverged.
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#### fullnode
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A full participant in the [cluster](#cluster) either a [leader](#leader) or
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[validator](#validator) node.
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#### fullnode state
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The result of interpreting all programs on the ledger a given [tick
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height](#tick-height). It includes at least the set of all [accounts](#account)
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holding nonzero [native tokens](#native-tokens).
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#### genesis block
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The first [block](#block) of the [ledger](#ledger).
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#### hash
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A digital fingerprint of a sequence of bytes.
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#### instruction
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The smallest unit of a [program](#program) that a [client](#client) can include
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in a [transaction](#instruction).
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#### keypair
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A [public key](#public-key) and coesponding [secret key](#secret-key).
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#### lamport
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A fractional [native token](#native-token) with the value of approximately
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0.0000000000582 [sol](#sol) (2^-34).
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#### leader
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The role of a [fullnode](#fullnode) when it is appending [entries](#entry) to
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the [ledger](#ledger).
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#### leader schedule
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A sequence of [fullnode](#fullnode) [public keys](#public-key). The cluster
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uses the leader schedule to determine which fullnode is in the [leader](#leader)
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at any moment in time.
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#### ledger
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A list of [entries](#entry) containing [transactions](#transaction) signed by
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[clients](#client).
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#### ledger vote
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A [hash](#hash) of the [fullnode's state](#fullnode-state) at a given [tick
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height](#tick-height).
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#### lockout
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The duration of time in which a [fullnode](#fullnode) is unable to [vote](#vote) on
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another [fork](#fork).
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#### native token
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The [token](#token) used to track work done by [nodes](#node) in a cluster.
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#### node
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A computer particpating in a [cluster](#cluster).
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#### node count
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The number of [fullnodes](#fullnode) participating in a [cluster](#cluster).
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#### program
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The code that interprets [instructions](#instruction).
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#### public key
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The public key of a [keypair](#keypair).
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#### replicator
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A type of [client](#client) that stores copies of segments of the [ledger](#ledger).
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#### secret key
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The private key of a [keypair](#keypair).
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#### slot
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The time in which a single [leader](#leader) may produce [entries](#entry).
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#### sol
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The [native token](#native-token) tracked by a [cluster](#cluster) recognized
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by the company Solana.
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#### stake
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Tokens forfeit to the [cluster](#cluster] if malicious [fullnode](#fullnode) behavior can be proven.
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#### tick
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A ledger [entry](#entry) that estimates wallclock duration.
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#### tick height
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The Nth [tick](#tick) in the [ledger](#ledger).
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#### token
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A scarce, fungible member of a set of tokens.
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#### tps
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[Transactions](#transaction) per second.
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#### transaction
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One or more [instructions](#instruction) signed by the [client](#client) and executed atomically.
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#### transactions entry
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A set of [transactions](#transaction) that may be executed in parallel.
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#### validator
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The role of a [fullnode](#fullnode) when it is validating the [leader's](#leader) latest [entries](#entry).
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### Terminology Reserved for Future Use
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## Terminology Reserved for Future Use
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The following keywords do not have any functionality but are reserved by Solana
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The following keywords do not have any functionality but are reserved by Solana
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for potential future use.
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for potential future use.
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* blob - a fraction of a block; the smallest unit sent between validators
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#### blob
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* epoch - the time in which a leader schedule is valid
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* light client - a type of client that can verify it's pointing to a valid cluster
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A fraction of a [block](#block); the smallest unit sent between [fullnodes](#fullnode).
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* mips - millions of instructions per second
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* thin client - a type of client that trusts it is communicating with a valid cluster
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#### curio
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A scarce, non-fungible member of a set of curios.
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#### epoch
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The time in which a [leader schedule](#leader-schedule) is valid.
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#### light client
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A type of [client](#client) that can verify it's pointing to a valid [cluster](#cluster).
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#### mips
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Millions of [instructions](#instruction) per second.
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#### thin client
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A type of [client](#client) that trusts it is communicating with a valid [cluster](#cluster).
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