docs: trust minimize

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Trent Nelson 2021-08-17 22:18:29 -06:00 committed by Trent Nelson
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7 changed files with 11 additions and 11 deletions

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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Storage rent can be paid via one of two methods:
Method 1: Set it and forget it
With this approach, accounts with two-years worth of rent deposits secured are exempt from network rent charges. By maintaining this minimum-balance, the broader network benefits from reduced liquidity and the account holder can trust that their `Account::data` will be retained for continual access/usage.
With this approach, accounts with two-years worth of rent deposits secured are exempt from network rent charges. By maintaining this minimum-balance, the broader network benefits from reduced liquidity and the account holder can rest assured that their `Account::data` will be retained for continual access/usage.
Method 2: Pay per byte

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@ -23,6 +23,6 @@ Running a Solana validation-client required relatively modest upfront hardware c
**Table 2** example high-end hardware setup for running a Solana client.
Despite the low-barrier to entry as a validation-client, from a capital investment perspective, as in any developing economy, there will be much opportunity and need for trusted validation services as evidenced by node reliability, UX/UI, APIs and other software accessibility tools. Additionally, although Solanas validator node startup costs are nominal when compared to similar networks, they may still be somewhat restrictive for some potential participants. In the spirit of developing a true decentralized, permissionless network, these interested parties can become involved in the Solana network/economy via delegation of previously acquired tokens with a reliable validation node to earn a portion of the interest generated.
Despite the low-barrier to entry as a validation-client, from a capital investment perspective, as in any developing economy, there will be much opportunity and need for competent validation services as evidenced by node reliability, UX/UI, APIs and other software accessibility tools. Additionally, although Solanas validator node startup costs are nominal when compared to similar networks, they may still be somewhat restrictive for some potential participants. In the spirit of developing a true decentralized, permissionless network, these interested parties can become involved in the Solana network/economy via delegation of previously acquired tokens with a reliable validation node to earn a portion of the interest generated.
Delegation of tokens to validation-clients provides a way for passive Solana token holders to become part of the active Solana economy and earn interest rates proportional to the interest rate generated by the delegated validation-client. Additionally, this feature intends to create a healthy validation-client market, with potential validation-client nodes competing to build reliable, transparent and profitable delegation services.

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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ title: Cluster Software Installation and Updates
Currently users are required to build the solana cluster software themselves from the git repository and manually update it, which is error prone and inconvenient.
This document proposes an easy to use software install and updater that can be used to deploy pre-built binaries for supported platforms. Users may elect to use binaries supplied by Solana or any other party they trust. Deployment of updates is managed using an on-chain update manifest program.
This document proposes an easy to use software install and updater that can be used to deploy pre-built binaries for supported platforms. Users may elect to use binaries supplied by Solana or any other party provider. Deployment of updates is managed using an on-chain update manifest program.
## Motivating Examples

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@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ operations with a bundled monitoring tool.
This setup enables you:
- to have a trusted gateway to the Solana mainnet-beta cluster to get data and
submit withdrawal transactions
- to have a self-administered gateway to the Solana mainnet-beta cluster to get
data and submit withdrawal transactions
- to have full control over how much historical block data is retained
- to maintain your service availability even if one node fails
@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ announcement. For security-related releases, more urgent action may be needed.
### Ledger Continuity
By default, each of your nodes will boot from a snapshot provided by one of your
trusted validators. This snapshot reflects the current state of the chain, but
known validators. This snapshot reflects the current state of the chain, but
does not contain the complete historical ledger. If one of your node exits and
boots from a new snapshot, there may be a gap in the ledger on that node. In
order to prevent this issue, add the `--no-snapshot-fetch` parameter to your
@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ It is important to note that the amount of historical ledger available to your
nodes from the rest of the network is limited at any point in time. Once
operational if your validators experience significant downtime they may not be
able to catch up to the network and will need to download a new snapshot from a
trusted validator. In doing so your validators will now have a gap in its
known validator. In doing so your validators will now have a gap in its
historical ledger data that cannot be filled.
### Minimizing Validator Port Exposure

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@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ Solana is an open source project implementing a new, high-performance, permissio
## Why Solana?
It is possible for a centralized database to process 710,000 transactions per second on a standard gigabit network if the transactions are, on average, no more than 176 bytes. A centralized database can also replicate itself and maintain high availability without significantly compromising that transaction rate using the distributed system technique known as Optimistic Concurrency Control [\[H.T.Kung, J.T.Robinson (1981)\]](http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.65.4735). At Solana, we are demonstrating that these same theoretical limits apply just as well to blockchain on an adversarial network. The key ingredient? Finding a way to share time when nodes cannot trust one-another. Once nodes can trust time, suddenly ~40 years of distributed systems research becomes applicable to blockchain!
It is possible for a centralized database to process 710,000 transactions per second on a standard gigabit network if the transactions are, on average, no more than 176 bytes. A centralized database can also replicate itself and maintain high availability without significantly compromising that transaction rate using the distributed system technique known as Optimistic Concurrency Control [\[H.T.Kung, J.T.Robinson (1981)\]](http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.65.4735). At Solana, we are demonstrating that these same theoretical limits apply just as well to blockchain on an adversarial network. The key ingredient? Finding a way to share time when nodes cannot rely upon one-another. Once nodes can rely upon time, suddenly ~40 years of distributed systems research becomes applicable to blockchain!
> Perhaps the most striking difference between algorithms obtained by our method and ones based upon timeout is that using timeout produces a traditional distributed algorithm in which the processes operate asynchronously, while our method produces a globally synchronous one in which every process does the same thing at (approximately) the same time. Our method seems to contradict the whole purpose of distributed processing, which is to permit different processes to operate independently and perform different functions. However, if a distributed system is really a single system, then the processes must be synchronized in some way. Conceptually, the easiest way to synchronize processes is to get them all to do the same thing at the same time. Therefore, our method is used to implement a kernel that performs the necessary synchronization--for example, making sure that two different processes do not try to modify a file at the same time. Processes might spend only a small fraction of their time executing the synchronizing kernel; the rest of the time, they can operate independently--e.g., accessing different files. This is an approach we have advocated even when fault-tolerance is not required. The method's basic simplicity makes it easier to understand the precise properties of a system, which is crucial if one is to know just how fault-tolerant the system is. [\[L.Lamport (1984)\]](http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.71.1078)
Furthermore, and much to our surprise, it can be implemented using a mechanism that has existed in Bitcoin since day one. The Bitcoin feature is called nLocktime and it can be used to postdate transactions using block height instead of a timestamp. As a Bitcoin client, you would use block height instead of a timestamp if you don't trust the network. Block height turns out to be an instance of what's being called a Verifiable Delay Function in cryptography circles. It's a cryptographically secure way to say time has passed. In Solana, we use a far more granular verifiable delay function, a SHA 256 hash chain, to checkpoint the ledger and coordinate consensus. With it, we implement Optimistic Concurrency Control and are now well en route towards that theoretical limit of 710,000 transactions per second.
Furthermore, and much to our surprise, it can be implemented using a mechanism that has existed in Bitcoin since day one. The Bitcoin feature is called nLocktime and it can be used to postdate transactions using block height instead of a timestamp. As a Bitcoin client, you would use block height instead of a timestamp if you don't rely upon the network. Block height turns out to be an instance of what's being called a Verifiable Delay Function in cryptography circles. It's a cryptographically secure way to say time has passed. In Solana, we use a far more granular verifiable delay function, a SHA 256 hash chain, to checkpoint the ledger and coordinate consensus. With it, we implement Optimistic Concurrency Control and are now well en route towards that theoretical limit of 710,000 transactions per second.
## Documentation Overview

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@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ static content and less appealing for transaction processing. The clients poll
for transaction status instead of being notified, giving the false impression
of higher confirmation times. Furthermore, what clients can poll for is
limited, preventing them from making reasonable real-time decisions, such as
recognizing a transaction is confirmed as soon as particular, trusted
recognizing a transaction is confirmed as soon as particular, known
validators vote on it.
## Proposed Solution

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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Storage rent can be paid via one of two methods:
Method 1: Set it and forget it
With this approach, accounts with two-years worth of rent deposits secured are exempt from network rent charges. By maintaining this minimum-balance, the broader network benefits from reduced liquidity and the account holder can trust that their `Account::data` will be retained for continual access/usage.
With this approach, accounts with two-years worth of rent deposits secured are exempt from network rent charges. By maintaining this minimum-balance, the broader network benefits from reduced liquidity and the account holder can rest assured that their `Account::data` will be retained for continual access/usage.
Method 2: Pay per byte