feat: `ScheduleUpgradeNoHeightValidation` for automated upgrades w/o gov proposal (#11551)

## Description



Implements a `ScheduleUpgradeNoHeightValidation` function for chains to schedule an automated upgrade (using the `x/upgrade` module) without having to go through a governance proposal.

This is beneficial to coordinate upgrades without having to manually download the new version, do the migration and restart the chain.

This is the procedure Evmos used for its automated upgrade.

---

### Author Checklist

*All items are required. Please add a note to the item if the item is not applicable and
please add links to any relevant follow up issues.*

I have...

- [ ] included the correct [type prefix](https://github.com/commitizen/conventional-commit-types/blob/v3.0.0/index.json) in the PR title
- [ ] added `!` to the type prefix if API or client breaking change
- [ ] targeted the correct branch (see [PR Targeting](https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#pr-targeting))
- [ ] provided a link to the relevant issue or specification
- [ ] followed the guidelines for [building modules](https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/master/docs/building-modules)
- [ ] included the necessary unit and integration [tests](https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#testing)
- [ ] added a changelog entry to `CHANGELOG.md`
- [ ] included comments for [documenting Go code](https://blog.golang.org/godoc)
- [ ] updated the relevant documentation or specification
- [ ] reviewed "Files changed" and left comments if necessary
- [ ] confirmed all CI checks have passed

### Reviewers Checklist

*All items are required. Please add a note if the item is not applicable and please add
your handle next to the items reviewed if you only reviewed selected items.*

I have...

- [ ] confirmed the correct [type prefix](https://github.com/commitizen/conventional-commit-types/blob/v3.0.0/index.json) in the PR title
- [ ] confirmed `!` in the type prefix if API or client breaking change
- [ ] confirmed all author checklist items have been addressed 
- [ ] reviewed state machine logic
- [ ] reviewed API design and naming
- [ ] reviewed documentation is accurate
- [ ] reviewed tests and test coverage
- [ ] manually tested (if applicable)

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ Ref: https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/
 
 ### Features
 
+* (x/upgrade) [\#11551](https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/pull/11551) Update `ScheduleUpgrade` for chains to schedule an automated upgrade on `BeginBlock` without having to go though governance.
 * (cli) [\#11548](https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/pull/11548) Add Tendermint's `inspect` command to the `tendermint` sub-command.
 * (tx) [#\11533](https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/pull/11533) Register [`EIP191`](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-191) as an available `SignMode` for chains to use.
 * (x/genutil) [\#11500](https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/pull/11500) Fix GenTx validation and adjust error messages

x/upgrade/abci_test.go

@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ type TestSuite struct {
 var s TestSuite
 
 func setupTest(t *testing.T, height int64, skip map[int64]bool) TestSuite {
-
 	db := dbm.NewMemDB()
 	app := simapp.NewSimappWithCustomOptions(t, false, simapp.SetupOptions{
 		Logger:             log.NewNopLogger(),
@@ -59,14 +58,14 @@ func TestRequireName(t *testing.T) {
 	s := setupTest(t, 10, map[int64]bool{})
 
 	err := s.handler(s.ctx, &types.SoftwareUpgradeProposal{Title: "prop", Plan: types.Plan{}})
-	require.NotNil(t, err)
+	require.Error(t, err)
 	require.True(t, errors.Is(sdkerrors.ErrInvalidRequest, err), err)
 }
 
 func TestRequireFutureBlock(t *testing.T) {
 	s := setupTest(t, 10, map[int64]bool{})
-	err := s.handler(s.ctx, &types.SoftwareUpgradeProposal{Title: "prop", Plan: types.Plan{Name: "test", Height: s.ctx.BlockHeight()}})
-	require.NotNil(t, err)
+	err := s.handler(s.ctx, &types.SoftwareUpgradeProposal{Title: "prop", Plan: types.Plan{Name: "test", Height: s.ctx.BlockHeight() - 1}})
+	require.Error(t, err)
 	require.True(t, errors.Is(sdkerrors.ErrInvalidRequest, err), err)
 }
 
@@ -74,7 +73,7 @@ func TestDoHeightUpgrade(t *testing.T) {
 	s := setupTest(t, 10, map[int64]bool{})
 	t.Log("Verify can schedule an upgrade")
 	err := s.handler(s.ctx, &types.SoftwareUpgradeProposal{Title: "prop", Plan: types.Plan{Name: "test", Height: s.ctx.BlockHeight() + 1}})
-	require.Nil(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	VerifyDoUpgrade(t)
 }
@@ -83,9 +82,9 @@ func TestCanOverwriteScheduleUpgrade(t *testing.T) {
 	s := setupTest(t, 10, map[int64]bool{})
 	t.Log("Can overwrite plan")
 	err := s.handler(s.ctx, &types.SoftwareUpgradeProposal{Title: "prop", Plan: types.Plan{Name: "bad_test", Height: s.ctx.BlockHeight() + 10}})
-	require.Nil(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 	err = s.handler(s.ctx, &types.SoftwareUpgradeProposal{Title: "prop", Plan: types.Plan{Name: "test", Height: s.ctx.BlockHeight() + 1}})
-	require.Nil(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	VerifyDoUpgrade(t)
 }
@@ -132,7 +131,7 @@ func TestHaltIfTooNew(t *testing.T) {
 	s := setupTest(t, 10, map[int64]bool{})
 	t.Log("Verify that we don't panic with registered plan not in database at all")
 	var called int
-	s.keeper.SetUpgradeHandler("future", func(ctx sdk.Context, plan types.Plan, vm module.VersionMap) (module.VersionMap, error) {
+	s.keeper.SetUpgradeHandler("future", func(_ sdk.Context, _ types.Plan, vm module.VersionMap) (module.VersionMap, error) {
 		called++
 		return vm, nil
 	})
@@ -175,10 +174,10 @@ func TestCanClear(t *testing.T) {
 	s := setupTest(t, 10, map[int64]bool{})
 	t.Log("Verify upgrade is scheduled")
 	err := s.handler(s.ctx, &types.SoftwareUpgradeProposal{Title: "prop", Plan: types.Plan{Name: "test", Height: s.ctx.BlockHeight() + 100}})
-	require.Nil(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	err = s.handler(s.ctx, &types.CancelSoftwareUpgradeProposal{Title: "cancel"})
-	require.Nil(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	VerifyCleared(t, s.ctx)
 }
@@ -187,11 +186,11 @@ func TestCantApplySameUpgradeTwice(t *testing.T) {
 	s := setupTest(t, 10, map[int64]bool{})
 	height := s.ctx.BlockHeader().Height + 1
 	err := s.handler(s.ctx, &types.SoftwareUpgradeProposal{Title: "prop", Plan: types.Plan{Name: "test", Height: height}})
-	require.Nil(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 	VerifyDoUpgrade(t)
 	t.Log("Verify an executed upgrade \"test\" can't be rescheduled")
 	err = s.handler(s.ctx, &types.SoftwareUpgradeProposal{Title: "prop", Plan: types.Plan{Name: "test", Height: height}})
-	require.NotNil(t, err)
+	require.Error(t, err)
 	require.True(t, errors.Is(sdkerrors.ErrInvalidRequest, err), err)
 }
 
@@ -237,9 +236,7 @@ func VerifySet(t *testing.T, skipUpgradeHeights map[int64]bool) {
 }
 
 func TestContains(t *testing.T) {
-	var (
-		skipOne int64 = 11
-	)
+	var skipOne int64 = 11
 	s := setupTest(t, 10, map[int64]bool{skipOne: true})
 
 	VerifySet(t, map[int64]bool{skipOne: true})
@@ -298,7 +295,7 @@ func TestUpgradeSkippingOne(t *testing.T) {
 
 	req := abci.RequestBeginBlock{Header: newCtx.BlockHeader()}
 	err := s.handler(s.ctx, &types.SoftwareUpgradeProposal{Title: "prop", Plan: types.Plan{Name: "test", Height: skipOne}})
-	require.Nil(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	t.Log("Verify if skip upgrade flag clears upgrade plan in one case and does upgrade on another")
 	VerifySet(t, map[int64]bool{skipOne: true})
@@ -311,7 +308,7 @@ func TestUpgradeSkippingOne(t *testing.T) {
 
 	t.Log("Verify the second proposal is not skipped")
 	err = s.handler(s.ctx, &types.SoftwareUpgradeProposal{Title: "prop2", Plan: types.Plan{Name: "test2", Height: skipTwo}})
-	require.Nil(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 	// Setting block height of proposal test2
 	newCtx = newCtx.WithBlockHeight(skipTwo)
 	VerifyDoUpgradeWithCtx(t, newCtx, "test2")
@@ -333,7 +330,7 @@ func TestUpgradeSkippingOnlyTwo(t *testing.T) {
 
 	req := abci.RequestBeginBlock{Header: newCtx.BlockHeader()}
 	err := s.handler(s.ctx, &types.SoftwareUpgradeProposal{Title: "prop", Plan: types.Plan{Name: "test", Height: skipOne}})
-	require.Nil(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	t.Log("Verify if skip upgrade flag clears upgrade plan in both cases and does third upgrade")
 	VerifySet(t, map[int64]bool{skipOne: true, skipTwo: true})
@@ -346,7 +343,7 @@ func TestUpgradeSkippingOnlyTwo(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// A new proposal with height in skipUpgradeHeights
 	err = s.handler(s.ctx, &types.SoftwareUpgradeProposal{Title: "prop2", Plan: types.Plan{Name: "test2", Height: skipTwo}})
-	require.Nil(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 	// Setting block height of proposal test2
 	newCtx = newCtx.WithBlockHeight(skipTwo)
 	require.NotPanics(t, func() {
@@ -355,7 +352,7 @@ func TestUpgradeSkippingOnlyTwo(t *testing.T) {
 
 	t.Log("Verify a new proposal is not skipped")
 	err = s.handler(s.ctx, &types.SoftwareUpgradeProposal{Title: "prop3", Plan: types.Plan{Name: "test3", Height: skipThree}})
-	require.Nil(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 	newCtx = newCtx.WithBlockHeight(skipThree)
 	VerifyDoUpgradeWithCtx(t, newCtx, "test3")
 
@@ -370,7 +367,7 @@ func TestUpgradeWithoutSkip(t *testing.T) {
 	newCtx := s.ctx.WithBlockHeight(s.ctx.BlockHeight() + 1).WithBlockTime(time.Now())
 	req := abci.RequestBeginBlock{Header: newCtx.BlockHeader()}
 	err := s.handler(s.ctx, &types.SoftwareUpgradeProposal{Title: "prop", Plan: types.Plan{Name: "test", Height: s.ctx.BlockHeight() + 1}})
-	require.Nil(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 	t.Log("Verify if upgrade happens without skip upgrade")
 	require.Panics(t, func() {
 		s.module.BeginBlock(newCtx, req)
@@ -437,7 +434,7 @@ func TestBinaryVersion(t *testing.T) {
 				})
 
 				err := s.handler(s.ctx, &types.SoftwareUpgradeProposal{Title: "Upgrade test", Plan: types.Plan{Name: "test0", Height: s.ctx.BlockHeight() + 2}})
-				require.Nil(t, err)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
 
 				newCtx := s.ctx.WithBlockHeight(12)
 				s.keeper.ApplyUpgrade(newCtx, types.Plan{
@@ -454,7 +451,7 @@ func TestBinaryVersion(t *testing.T) {
 			"test panic: upgrade needed",
 			func() (sdk.Context, abci.RequestBeginBlock) {
 				err := s.handler(s.ctx, &types.SoftwareUpgradeProposal{Title: "Upgrade test", Plan: types.Plan{Name: "test2", Height: 13}})
-				require.Nil(t, err)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
 
 				newCtx := s.ctx.WithBlockHeight(13)
 				req := abci.RequestBeginBlock{Header: newCtx.BlockHeader()}

x/upgrade/keeper/keeper.go

@@ -167,14 +167,16 @@ func (k Keeper) getModuleVersion(ctx sdk.Context, name string) (uint64, bool) {
 
 // ScheduleUpgrade schedules an upgrade based on the specified plan.
 // If there is another Plan already scheduled, it will cancel and overwrite it.
-// ScheduleUpgrade will also write the upgraded client to the upgraded client path
-// if an upgraded client is specified in the plan
+// ScheduleUpgrade will also write the upgraded IBC ClientState to the upgraded client
+// path if it is specified in the plan.
 func (k Keeper) ScheduleUpgrade(ctx sdk.Context, plan types.Plan) error {
 	if err := plan.ValidateBasic(); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if plan.Height <= ctx.BlockHeight() {
+	// NOTE: allow for the possibility of chains to schedule upgrades in begin block of the same block
+	// as a strategy for emergency hard fork recoveries
+	if plan.Height < ctx.BlockHeight() {
 		return sdkerrors.Wrap(sdkerrors.ErrInvalidRequest, "upgrade cannot be scheduled in the past")
 	}
 
@@ -364,7 +366,7 @@ func (k Keeper) DumpUpgradeInfoToDisk(height int64, p types.Plan) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	return os.WriteFile(upgradeInfoFilePath, info, 0600)
+	return os.WriteFile(upgradeInfoFilePath, info, 0o600)
 }
 
 // GetUpgradeInfoPath returns the upgrade info file path