## Description
This PR adds benchmarks for inserting, updating, deleting and getting a simple entity compared with handwritten versions of this code.
Two simple optimizations were found with these benchmarks and included in this PR:
* correctly compute buffer size in `KeyCodec.EncodeKey` to avoid growing the buffer
* use `value.String()` instead of `value.Interface().(string)` as the latter causes an additional allocation
Other potential places for optimization can be seen by running CPU and memory profiles. In particular, update is significantly slower because the ORM assumes the existing value always needs to be decoded to keep indexes up-to-date which is not the case in this simple example. In the future, the ORM code generator could potentially generate more code up to the point of essentially mimicking the manual versions if performance tradeoffs become the bottleneck.
As a follow-up, we should do benchmarks using an IAVL tree as the backing store to see if the ORM overhead is significant in a more real-world scenario.
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## Description
Adds checks for two types of errors in table definitions
* defining a key on an `optional` field (haven't found a way to test unfortunately because a test case will break the code generator)
* defining a trivial unique key, essentially a unique key which contains all the fields in the primary key and is redundant
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## Description
Closes: #11381
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## Description
`uint64` values are used in the ORM as auto-incrementing primary keys. Always using 8 bytes for these values is a bit of a waste of space. Unfortunately, varint encoding does not support ordered prefix iteration.
This PR introduces a compact, well-ordered variable length encoding for `uint32` and `uint64` types. `fixed32` and `fixed64` integers are still encoded as 4 and 8 byte fixed-length big-endian arrays. With this, users have a choice of encoding based on what type of data they are storing. An auto-incrementing primary key should prefer the variable length `uint64` whereas a fixed precision decimal might want to use `fixed64`.
See the golden test updates to see how this reduces key lengths.
This encoding works by using the first two bits to encode the buffer length (4 possible lengths). I'm not sure if my choice of 2,4,6 and 9 bytes is the right choice of 4 lenths for `uint64` - there are many alternate choices. I could have also chosen 3 bits and allowed for 8 possible lengths, but way waste an extra bit? Input on the right design parameters would be appreciated.
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- [ ] added a changelog entry to `CHANGELOG.md`
- [ ] included comments for [documenting Go code](https://blog.golang.org/godoc)
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Aaron Craelius