diff --git a/src/actions/borrow.tsx b/src/actions/borrow.tsx
index ca1e9c1..0e21fd2 100644
--- a/src/actions/borrow.tsx
+++ b/src/actions/borrow.tsx
@@ -147,14 +147,14 @@ export const borrow = async (
   );
 
   // create approval for transfer transactions
-  approve(
+  const transferAuthority = approve(
     instructions,
     cleanupInstructions,
     fromAccount,
-    authority,
     wallet.publicKey,
     fromLamports
   );
+  signers.push(transferAuthority);
 
   const dexMarketAddress = borrowReserve.info.dexMarketOption
     ? borrowReserve.info.dexMarket
@@ -189,7 +189,9 @@ export const borrow = async (
       obligationTokenOutput,
       wallet.publicKey,
 
+      depositReserve.info.lendingMarket,
       authority,
+      transferAuthority.publicKey,
 
       dexMarketAddress,
       dexOrderBookSide,
diff --git a/src/actions/deposit.tsx b/src/actions/deposit.tsx
index ad9d3c3..454f3a2 100644
--- a/src/actions/deposit.tsx
+++ b/src/actions/deposit.tsx
@@ -58,15 +58,16 @@ export const deposit = async (
   );
 
   // create approval for transfer transactions
-  approve(
+  const transferAuthority = approve(
     instructions,
     cleanupInstructions,
     fromAccount,
-    authority,
     wallet.publicKey,
     amountLamports
   );
 
+  signers.push(transferAuthority);
+
   let toAccount: PublicKey;
   if (isInitalized) {
     // get destination account
@@ -90,7 +91,9 @@ export const deposit = async (
         amountLamports,
         fromAccount,
         toAccount,
+        reserve.lendingMarket,
         authority,
+        transferAuthority.publicKey,
         reserveAddress,
         reserve.liquiditySupply,
         reserve.collateralMint
@@ -112,6 +115,7 @@ export const deposit = async (
         reserve.collateralSupply,
         reserve.lendingMarket,
         authority,
+        transferAuthority.publicKey,
         reserve.dexMarket
       )
     );
diff --git a/src/actions/liquidate.tsx b/src/actions/liquidate.tsx
index 43dfd32..d71ccd1 100644
--- a/src/actions/liquidate.tsx
+++ b/src/actions/liquidate.tsx
@@ -55,14 +55,14 @@ export const liquidate = async (
   );
 
   // create approval for transfer transactions
-  approve(
+  const transferAuthority = approve(
     instructions,
     cleanupInstructions,
     fromAccount,
-    authority,
     wallet.publicKey,
     amountLamports
   );
+  signers.push(transferAuthority);
 
   // get destination account
   const toAccount = await findOrCreateAccountByMint(
@@ -104,7 +104,9 @@ export const liquidate = async (
       withdrawReserve.pubkey,
       withdrawReserve.info.collateralSupply,
       obligation.pubkey,
+      repayReserve.info.lendingMarket,
       authority,
+      transferAuthority.publicKey,
       dexMarketAddress,
       dexOrderBookSide,
       memory
diff --git a/src/actions/repay.tsx b/src/actions/repay.tsx
index a48a886..af46916 100644
--- a/src/actions/repay.tsx
+++ b/src/actions/repay.tsx
@@ -51,14 +51,14 @@ export const repay = async (
   const fromAccount = from.pubkey;
 
   // create approval for transfer transactions
-  approve(
+  const transferAuthority = approve(
     instructions,
     cleanupInstructions,
     fromAccount,
-    authority,
     wallet.publicKey,
     amountLamports
   );
+  signers.push(transferAuthority);
 
   // get destination account
   const toAccount = await findOrCreateAccountByMint(
@@ -76,9 +76,11 @@ export const repay = async (
     instructions,
     cleanupInstructions,
     obligationToken.pubkey,
-    authority,
     wallet.publicKey,
-    obligationToken.info.amount.toNumber()
+    obligationToken.info.amount.toNumber(),
+
+    // reuse transfer authority
+    transferAuthority.publicKey,
   );
 
   // TODO: add obligation
@@ -95,7 +97,9 @@ export const repay = async (
       obligation.pubkey,
       obligation.info.tokenMint,
       obligationToken.pubkey,
-      authority
+      repayReserve.info.lendingMarket,
+      authority,
+      transferAuthority.publicKey,
     )
   );
 
diff --git a/src/actions/withdraw.tsx b/src/actions/withdraw.tsx
index 9ba11a2..2e3455c 100644
--- a/src/actions/withdraw.tsx
+++ b/src/actions/withdraw.tsx
@@ -38,15 +38,16 @@ export const withdraw = async (
   const fromAccount = from.pubkey;
 
   // create approval for transfer transactions
-  approve(
+  const transferAuthority = approve(
       instructions,
       cleanupInstructions,
       fromAccount,
-      authority,
       wallet.publicKey,
       amountLamports
   );
 
+  signers.push(transferAuthority);
+
   // get destination account
   const toAccount = await findOrCreateAccountByMint(
     wallet.publicKey,
@@ -66,7 +67,9 @@ export const withdraw = async (
       reserveAddress,
       reserve.collateralMint,
       reserve.liquiditySupply,
-      authority
+      reserve.lendingMarket,
+      authority,
+      transferAuthority.publicKey,
     )
   );
 
diff --git a/src/models/account.ts b/src/models/account.ts
index cc29d98..13f648a 100644
--- a/src/models/account.ts
+++ b/src/models/account.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { AccountInfo, PublicKey, TransactionInstruction } from "@solana/web3.js";
+import { Account, AccountInfo, PublicKey, TransactionInstruction } from "@solana/web3.js";
 
 import { AccountInfo as TokenAccountInfo, Token } from "@solana/spl-token";
 import { TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID } from "../utils/ids";
@@ -13,16 +13,20 @@ export function approve(
   instructions: TransactionInstruction[],
   cleanupInstructions: TransactionInstruction[],
   account: PublicKey,
-  delegate: PublicKey,
   owner: PublicKey,
   amount: number,
-): void {
+
+  // if delegate is not passed ephemeral transfer authority is used
+  delegate?: PublicKey,
+): Account {
   const tokenProgram = TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID;
+  const transferAuthority = new Account();
+
   instructions.push(
     Token.createApproveInstruction(
       tokenProgram,
       account,
-      delegate,
+      delegate ?? transferAuthority.publicKey,
       owner,
       [],
       amount
@@ -36,4 +40,6 @@ export function approve(
       owner,
       []),
   );
+
+  return transferAuthority;
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/models/lending/borrow.ts b/src/models/lending/borrow.ts
index 0cf2eb7..87c7ec7 100644
--- a/src/models/lending/borrow.ts
+++ b/src/models/lending/borrow.ts
@@ -15,23 +15,26 @@ export enum BorrowAmountType {
 /// Borrow tokens from a reserve by depositing collateral tokens. The number of borrowed tokens
 /// is calculated by market price. The debt obligation is tokenized.
 ///
-///   0. `[writable]` Collateral input SPL Token account, $authority can transfer $collateral_amount
-///   1. `[writable]` Liquidity output SPL Token account
+///   0. `[writable]` Source collateral token account, minted by deposit reserve collateral mint,
+///                     $authority can transfer $collateral_amount
+///   1. `[writable]` Destination liquidity token account, minted by borrow reserve liquidity mint
 ///   2. `[writable]` Deposit reserve account.
 ///   3. `[writable]` Deposit reserve collateral supply SPL Token account
 ///   4. `[writable]` Borrow reserve account.
 ///   5. `[writable]` Borrow reserve liquidity supply SPL Token account
-///   6. `[writable]` Obligation - uninitialized
-///   7. `[writable]` Obligation token mint - uninitialized
-///   8. `[writable]` Obligation token output - uninitialized
+///   6. `[writable]` Obligation
+///   7. `[writable]` Obligation token mint
+///   8. `[writable]` Obligation token output
 ///   9. `[]` Obligation token owner
-///   10 `[]` Derived lending market authority ($authority).
-///   11 `[]` Dex market
-///   12 `[]` Dex order book side // could be bid/ask
-///   13 `[]` Temporary memory
-///   14 `[]` Clock sysvar
-///   15 `[]` Rent sysvar
-///   16 '[]` Token program id
+///   10 `[]` Lending market account.
+///   11 `[]` Derived lending market authority.
+///   12 `[]` User transfer authority ($authority).
+///   13 `[]` Dex market
+///   14 `[]` Dex market order book side
+///   15 `[]` Temporary memory
+///   16 `[]` Clock sysvar
+///   17 `[]` Rent sysvar
+///   18 '[]` Token program id
 export const borrowInstruction = (
   amount: number | BN,
   amountType: BorrowAmountType,
@@ -47,7 +50,9 @@ export const borrowInstruction = (
   obligationTokenOutput: PublicKey,
   obligationTokenOwner: PublicKey,
 
+  lendingMarket: PublicKey,
   lendingMarketAuthority: PublicKey,
+  transferAuthority: PublicKey,
 
   dexMarket: PublicKey,
   dexOrderBookSide: PublicKey,
@@ -89,7 +94,11 @@ export const borrowInstruction = (
     { pubkey: obligationMint, isSigner: false, isWritable: true },
     { pubkey: obligationTokenOutput, isSigner: false, isWritable: true },
     { pubkey: obligationTokenOwner, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
+
+    { pubkey: lendingMarket, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
     { pubkey: lendingMarketAuthority, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
+    { pubkey: transferAuthority, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
+
     { pubkey: dexMarket, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
     { pubkey: dexOrderBookSide, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
     { pubkey: memory, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
diff --git a/src/models/lending/deposit.ts b/src/models/lending/deposit.ts
index b878b80..b820db9 100644
--- a/src/models/lending/deposit.ts
+++ b/src/models/lending/deposit.ts
@@ -11,19 +11,23 @@ import { LendingReserve } from './reserve';
 /// Deposit liquidity into a reserve. The output is a collateral token representing ownership
 /// of the reserve liquidity pool.
 ///
-///   0. `[writable]` Liquidity input SPL Token account. $authority can transfer $liquidity_amount
-///   1. `[writable]` Collateral output SPL Token account,
+///   0. `[writable]` Source liquidity token account. $authority can transfer $liquidity_amount
+///   1. `[writable]` Destination collateral token account.
 ///   2. `[writable]` Reserve account.
 ///   3. `[writable]` Reserve liquidity supply SPL Token account.
 ///   4. `[writable]` Reserve collateral SPL Token mint.
-///   5. `[]` Derived lending market authority ($authority).
-///   6. `[]` Clock sysvar
-///   7. '[]` Token program id
+///   5. `[]` Lending market account.
+///   6. `[]` Derived lending market authority.
+///   7. `[]` User transfer authority ($authority).
+///   8. `[]` Clock sysvar
+///   9. '[]` Token program id
 export const depositInstruction = (
   liquidityAmount: number | BN,
   from: PublicKey, // Liquidity input SPL Token account. $authority can transfer $liquidity_amount
   to: PublicKey, // Collateral output SPL Token account,
+  lendingMarket: PublicKey,
   reserveAuthority: PublicKey,
+  transferAuthority: PublicKey,
   reserveAccount: PublicKey,
   reserveSupply: PublicKey,
   collateralMint: PublicKey
@@ -45,7 +49,9 @@ export const depositInstruction = (
     { pubkey: reserveAccount, isSigner: false, isWritable: true },
     { pubkey: reserveSupply, isSigner: false, isWritable: true },
     { pubkey: collateralMint, isSigner: false, isWritable: true },
+    { pubkey: lendingMarket, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
     { pubkey: reserveAuthority, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
+    { pubkey: transferAuthority, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
     { pubkey: SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
     { pubkey: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
   ];
diff --git a/src/models/lending/liquidate.ts b/src/models/lending/liquidate.ts
index c3c2717..a5f21cc 100644
--- a/src/models/lending/liquidate.ts
+++ b/src/models/lending/liquidate.ts
@@ -7,19 +7,22 @@ import { TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID, LENDING_PROGRAM_ID } from '../../utils/ids';
 
 /// Purchase collateral tokens at a discount rate if the chosen obligation is unhealthy.
 ///
-///   0. `[writable]` Liquidity input SPL Token account, $authority can transfer $liquidity_amount
-///   1. `[writable]` Collateral output SPL Token account
+///   0. `[writable]` Source liquidity token account, minted by repay reserve liquidity mint
+///                     $authority can transfer $collateral_amount
+///   1. `[writable]` Destination collateral token account, minted by withdraw reserve collateral mint
 ///   2. `[writable]` Repay reserve account.
 ///   3. `[writable]` Repay reserve liquidity supply SPL Token account
 ///   4. `[writable]` Withdraw reserve account.
 ///   5. `[writable]` Withdraw reserve collateral supply SPL Token account
 ///   6. `[writable]` Obligation - initialized
-///   7. `[]` Derived lending market authority ($authority).
-///   8. `[]` Dex market
-///   9. `[]` Dex market orders
-///   10 `[]` Temporary memory
-///   11 `[]` Clock sysvar
-///   12 `[]` Token program id
+///   7. `[]` Lending market account.
+///   8. `[]` Derived lending market authority.
+///   9. `[]` User transfer authority ($authority).
+///   10 `[]` Dex market
+///   11 `[]` Dex market order book side
+///   12 `[]` Temporary memory
+///   13 `[]` Clock sysvar
+///   14 `[]` Token program id
 export const liquidateInstruction = (
   liquidityAmount: number | BN,
   from: PublicKey, // Liquidity input SPL Token account. $authority can transfer $liquidity_amount
@@ -29,7 +32,9 @@ export const liquidateInstruction = (
   withdrawReserve: PublicKey,
   withdrawReserveCollateralSupply: PublicKey,
   obligation: PublicKey,
+  lendingMarket: PublicKey,
   authority: PublicKey,
+  transferAuthority: PublicKey,
   dexMarket: PublicKey,
   dexOrderBookSide: PublicKey,
   memory: PublicKey
@@ -61,7 +66,9 @@ export const liquidateInstruction = (
 
     { pubkey: obligation, isSigner: false, isWritable: true },
 
+    { pubkey: lendingMarket, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
     { pubkey: authority, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
+    { pubkey: transferAuthority, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
 
     { pubkey: dexMarket, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
     { pubkey: dexOrderBookSide, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
diff --git a/src/models/lending/repay.ts b/src/models/lending/repay.ts
index f6e0acc..d1c6d92 100644
--- a/src/models/lending/repay.ts
+++ b/src/models/lending/repay.ts
@@ -8,18 +8,21 @@ import { TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID, LENDING_PROGRAM_ID } from '../../utils/ids';
 /// Repay loaned tokens to a reserve and receive collateral tokens. The obligation balance
 /// will be recalculated for interest.
 ///
-///   0. `[writable]` Liquidity input SPL Token account, $authority can transfer $liquidity_amount
-///   1. `[writable]` Collateral output SPL Token account
+///   0. `[writable]` Source liquidity token account, minted by repay reserve liquidity mint
+///                     $authority can transfer $collateral_amount
+///   1. `[writable]` Destination collateral token account, minted by withdraw reserve collateral mint
 ///   2. `[writable]` Repay reserve account.
 ///   3. `[writable]` Repay reserve liquidity supply SPL Token account
 ///   4. `[]` Withdraw reserve account.
 ///   5. `[writable]` Withdraw reserve collateral supply SPL Token account
 ///   6. `[writable]` Obligation - initialized
-///   7. `[writable]` Obligation token mint, $authority can transfer calculated amount
-///   8. `[writable]` Obligation token input
-///   9. `[]` Derived lending market authority ($authority).
-///   10 `[]` Clock sysvar
-///   11 `[]` Token program id
+///   7. `[writable]` Obligation token mint
+///   8. `[writable]` Obligation token input, $authority can transfer calculated amount
+///   9. `[]` Lending market account.
+///   10 `[]` Derived lending market authority.
+///   11 `[]` User transfer authority ($authority).
+///   12 `[]` Clock sysvar
+///   13 `[]` Token program id
 export const repayInstruction = (
   liquidityAmount: number | BN,
   from: PublicKey, // Liquidity input SPL Token account. $authority can transfer $liquidity_amount
@@ -31,7 +34,9 @@ export const repayInstruction = (
   obligation: PublicKey,
   obligationMint: PublicKey,
   obligationInput: PublicKey,
-  authority: PublicKey
+  lendingMarket: PublicKey,
+  authority: PublicKey,
+  transferAuthority: PublicKey,
 ): TransactionInstruction => {
   const dataLayout = BufferLayout.struct([BufferLayout.u8('instruction'), Layout.uint64('liquidityAmount')]);
 
@@ -62,7 +67,10 @@ export const repayInstruction = (
     { pubkey: obligationMint, isSigner: false, isWritable: true },
     { pubkey: obligationInput, isSigner: false, isWritable: true },
 
+    { pubkey: lendingMarket, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
     { pubkey: authority, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
+    { pubkey: transferAuthority, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
+
     { pubkey: SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
     { pubkey: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
   ];
diff --git a/src/models/lending/reserve.ts b/src/models/lending/reserve.ts
index 9e1c83f..8f8542d 100644
--- a/src/models/lending/reserve.ts
+++ b/src/models/lending/reserve.ts
@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ export const initReserveInstruction = (
   collateralSupply: PublicKey,
   lendingMarket: PublicKey,
   lendingMarketAuthority: PublicKey,
+  transferAuthority: PublicKey,
 
   dexMarket: PublicKey // TODO: optional
 ): TransactionInstruction => {
@@ -145,6 +146,7 @@ export const initReserveInstruction = (
     // NOTE: Why lending market needs to be a signer?
     { pubkey: lendingMarket, isSigner: true, isWritable: true },
     { pubkey: lendingMarketAuthority, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
+    { pubkey: transferAuthority, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
     { pubkey: SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
     { pubkey: SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
     { pubkey: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
diff --git a/src/models/lending/withdraw.ts b/src/models/lending/withdraw.ts
index 9b9db09..c0c2bf7 100644
--- a/src/models/lending/withdraw.ts
+++ b/src/models/lending/withdraw.ts
@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@ export const withdrawInstruction = (
   reserveAccount: PublicKey,
   collateralMint: PublicKey,
   reserveSupply: PublicKey,
-  authority: PublicKey
+  lendingMarket: PublicKey,
+  authority: PublicKey,
+  transferAuthority: PublicKey,
 ): TransactionInstruction => {
   const dataLayout = BufferLayout.struct([BufferLayout.u8('instruction'), Layout.uint64('collateralAmount')]);
 
@@ -31,7 +33,9 @@ export const withdrawInstruction = (
     { pubkey: reserveAccount, isSigner: false, isWritable: true },
     { pubkey: collateralMint, isSigner: false, isWritable: true },
     { pubkey: reserveSupply, isSigner: false, isWritable: true },
+    { pubkey: lendingMarket, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
     { pubkey: authority, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
+    { pubkey: transferAuthority, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
     { pubkey: SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
     { pubkey: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID, isSigner: false, isWritable: false },
   ];