solana-go/transaction.go

package solana

import (
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"sort"

	bin "github.com/dfuse-io/binary"
	"go.uber.org/zap"
)

type Instruction interface {
	Accounts() []*AccountMeta // returns the list of accounts the instructions requires
	ProgramID() PublicKey     // the programID the instruction acts on
	Data() ([]byte, error)    // the binary encoded instructions
}

type TransactionOption interface {
	apply(opts *transactionOptions)
}

type transactionOptions struct {
	payer PublicKey
}

type transactionOptionFunc func(opts *transactionOptions)

func (f transactionOptionFunc) apply(opts *transactionOptions) {
	f(opts)
}

func TransactionPayer(payer PublicKey) TransactionOption {
	return transactionOptionFunc(func(opts *transactionOptions) { opts.payer = payer })
}

type pubkeySlice []PublicKey

// uniqueAppend appends the provided pubkey only if it is not
// already present in the slice.
// Returns true when the provided pubkey wasn't already present.
func (slice *pubkeySlice) uniqueAppend(pubkey PublicKey) bool {
	if !slice.has(pubkey) {
		slice.append(pubkey)
		return true
	}
	return false
}

func (slice *pubkeySlice) append(pubkey PublicKey) {
	*slice = append(*slice, pubkey)
}

func (slice *pubkeySlice) has(pubkey PublicKey) bool {
	for _, key := range *slice {
		if key.Equals(pubkey) {
			return true
		}
	}
	return false
}

var debugNewTransaction = false

func NewTransaction(instructions []Instruction, blockHash Hash, opts ...TransactionOption) (*Transaction, error) {
	if len(instructions) == 0 {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("requires at-least one instruction to create a transaction")
	}

	options := transactionOptions{}
	for _, opt := range opts {
		opt.apply(&options)
	}

	feePayer := options.payer
	if feePayer.IsZero() {
		found := false
		for _, act := range instructions[0].Accounts() {
			if act.IsSigner {
				feePayer = act.PublicKey
				found = true
				break
			}
		}
		if !found {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot determine fee payer. You can ether pass the fee payer vai the 'TransactionWithInstructions' option parameter or it fallback to the first instruction's first signer")
		}
	}

	programIDs := make(pubkeySlice, 0)
	accounts := []*AccountMeta{}
	for _, instruction := range instructions {
		for _, key := range instruction.Accounts() {
			accounts = append(accounts, key)
		}
		programIDs.uniqueAppend(instruction.ProgramID())
	}

	// Add programID to the account list
	for _, programID := range programIDs {
		accounts = append(accounts, &AccountMeta{
			PublicKey:  programID,
			IsSigner:   false,
			IsWritable: false,
		})
	}

	// Sort. Prioritizing first by signer, then by writable
	sort.Slice(accounts, func(i, j int) bool {
		return accounts[i].less(accounts[j])
	})

	uniqAccountsMap := map[PublicKey]uint64{}
	uniqAccounts := []*AccountMeta{}
	for _, acc := range accounts {
		if index, found := uniqAccountsMap[acc.PublicKey]; found {
			uniqAccounts[index].IsWritable = uniqAccounts[index].IsWritable || acc.IsWritable
			continue
		}
		uniqAccounts = append(uniqAccounts, acc)
		uniqAccountsMap[acc.PublicKey] = uint64(len(uniqAccounts) - 1)
	}

	if debugNewTransaction {
		zlog.Debug("unique account sorted", zap.Int("account_count", len(uniqAccounts)))
	}
	// Move fee payer to the front
	feePayerIndex := -1
	for idx, acc := range uniqAccounts {
		if acc.PublicKey.Equals(feePayer) {
			feePayerIndex = idx
		}
	}
	if debugNewTransaction {
		zlog.Debug("current fee payer index", zap.Int("fee_payer_index", feePayerIndex))
	}

	accountCount := len(uniqAccounts)
	if feePayerIndex < 0 {
		// fee payer is not part of accounts we want to add it
		accountCount++
	}
	finalAccounts := make([]*AccountMeta, accountCount)

	itr := 1
	for idx, uniqAccount := range uniqAccounts {
		if idx == feePayerIndex {
			uniqAccount.IsSigner = true
			uniqAccount.IsWritable = true
			finalAccounts[0] = uniqAccount
			continue
		}
		finalAccounts[itr] = uniqAccount
		itr++
	}

	message := Message{
		RecentBlockhash: blockHash,
	}
	accountKeyIndex := map[string]uint16{}
	for idx, acc := range finalAccounts {

		if debugNewTransaction {
			zlog.Debug("transaction account",
				zap.Int("account_index", idx),
				zap.Stringer("account_pub_key", acc.PublicKey),
			)
		}

		message.AccountKeys = append(message.AccountKeys, acc.PublicKey)
		accountKeyIndex[acc.PublicKey.String()] = uint16(idx)
		if acc.IsSigner {
			message.Header.NumRequiredSignatures++
			if !acc.IsWritable {
				message.Header.NumReadonlySignedAccounts++
			}
			continue
		}

		if !acc.IsWritable {
			message.Header.NumReadonlyUnsignedAccounts++
		}
	}
	if debugNewTransaction {
		zlog.Debug("message header compiled",
			zap.Uint8("num_required_signatures", message.Header.NumRequiredSignatures),
			zap.Uint8("num_readonly_signed_accounts", message.Header.NumReadonlySignedAccounts),
			zap.Uint8("num_readonly_unsigned_accounts", message.Header.NumReadonlyUnsignedAccounts),
		)
	}

	for trxIdx, instruction := range instructions {
		accounts = instruction.Accounts()
		accountIndex := make([]uint16, len(accounts))
		for idx, acc := range accounts {
			accountIndex[idx] = accountKeyIndex[acc.PublicKey.String()]
		}
		data, err := instruction.Data()
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to encode instructions [%d]: %w", trxIdx, err)
		}
		message.Instructions = append(message.Instructions, CompiledInstruction{
			ProgramIDIndex: accountKeyIndex[instruction.ProgramID().String()],
			AccountCount:   bin.Varuint16(uint16(len(accountIndex))),
			Accounts:       accountIndex,
			DataLength:     bin.Varuint16(uint16(len(data))),
			Data:           data,
		})
	}

	return &Transaction{
		Message: message,
	}, nil
}

type privateKeyGetter func(key PublicKey) *PrivateKey

func (tx *Transaction) MarshalBinary() ([]byte, error) {
	if len(tx.Signatures) == 0 || len(tx.Signatures) != int(tx.Message.Header.NumRequiredSignatures) {
		return nil, errors.New("signature verification failed")
	}

	messageContent, err := tx.Message.MarshalBinary()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to encode tx.Message to binary: %w", err)
	}

	signatureCount := UintToVarLenBytes(uint64(len(tx.Signatures)))
	output := make([]byte, 0, len(signatureCount)+len(signatureCount)*64+len(messageContent))
	output = append(output, signatureCount...)
	for _, sig := range tx.Signatures {
		output = append(output, sig[:]...)
	}
	output = append(output, messageContent...)

	return output, nil
}

func (t *Transaction) Sign(getter privateKeyGetter) (out []Signature, err error) {
	messageContent, err := t.Message.MarshalBinary()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to encode message for signing: %w", err)
	}

	signerKeys := t.Message.signerKeys()

	for _, key := range signerKeys {
		privateKey := getter(key)
		if privateKey == nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("signer key %q not found. Ensure all the signer keys are in the vault", key.String())
		}

		s, err := privateKey.Sign(messageContent)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to signed with key %q: %w", key.String(), err)
		}

		t.Signatures = append(t.Signatures, s)
	}
	return t.Signatures, nil
}