diff --git a/clients/js/evm.ts b/clients/js/evm.ts
index c88b82629..5903f7032 100644
--- a/clients/js/evm.ts
+++ b/clients/js/evm.ts
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ export async function execute_governance_evm(
           console.log("Hash: " + (await tb.registerChain(vaa, overrides)).hash)
           break
         default:
-          impossible(payload)
+          throw Error(`VAA is of type ${payload.type}, which is not a governance action`)
 
       }
       break
diff --git a/clients/js/solana.ts b/clients/js/solana.ts
index 5828061b4..0012bae35 100644
--- a/clients/js/solana.ts
+++ b/clients/js/solana.ts
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ export async function execute_governance_solana(
           ix = token_bridge.register_chain_ix(token_bridge_id.toString(), bridge_id.toString(), from.publicKey.toString(), vaa)
           break
         default:
-          ix = impossible(v.payload)
+          throw Error(`VAA is of type ${v.payload.type}, which is not a governance action`)
 
       }
       break
diff --git a/clients/js/terra.ts b/clients/js/terra.ts
index 3a7b74ccb..36987b530 100644
--- a/clients/js/terra.ts
+++ b/clients/js/terra.ts
@@ -91,8 +91,7 @@ export async function execute_governance_terra(
           console.log("Registering chain");
           break;
         default:
-          impossible(payload);
-          execute_msg = impossible(payload);
+          throw Error(`VAA is of type ${payload.type}, which is not a governance action`)
       }
       break;
     default:
diff --git a/clients/js/vaa.ts b/clients/js/vaa.ts
index 2db344f8c..560a90a53 100644
--- a/clients/js/vaa.ts
+++ b/clients/js/vaa.ts
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ export type Payload =
     | PortalContractUpgrade<"NFTBridge">
     | PortalRegisterChain<"TokenBridge">
     | PortalRegisterChain<"NFTBridge">
+    | TokenBridgeTransfer
 // TODO: add other types of payloads
 
 export function parse(buffer: Buffer): VAA<Payload | null> {
@@ -70,6 +71,7 @@ export function parse(buffer: Buffer): VAA<Payload | null> {
         .or(portalContractUpgradeParser("NFTBridge"))
         .or(portalRegisterChainParser("TokenBridge"))
         .or(portalRegisterChainParser("NFTBridge"))
+        .or(tokenBridgeTransferParser())
     const payload = parser.parse(vaa.payload)
     var myVAA = { ...vaa, payload }
 
@@ -164,9 +166,24 @@ function vaaBody(vaa: VAA<Payload>) {
                 case "ContractUpgrade":
                     payload_str = serialiseCoreContractUpgrade(payload)
                     break
+                default:
+                    impossible(payload)
+                    break
             }
             break
         case "NFTBridge":
+            switch (payload.type) {
+                case "ContractUpgrade":
+                    payload_str = serialisePortalContractUpgrade(payload)
+                    break
+                case "RegisterChain":
+                    payload_str = serialisePortalRegisterChain(payload)
+                    break
+                default:
+                    impossible(payload)
+                    break
+            }
+            break
         case "TokenBridge":
             switch (payload.type) {
                 case "ContractUpgrade":
@@ -175,8 +192,17 @@ function vaaBody(vaa: VAA<Payload>) {
                 case "RegisterChain":
                     payload_str = serialisePortalRegisterChain(payload)
                     break
+                case "Transfer":
+                    payload_str = serialiseTokenBridgeTransfer(payload)
+                    break
+                default:
+                    impossible(payload)
+                    break
             }
             break
+        default:
+            impossible(payload)
+            break
     }
     const body = [
         encode("uint32", vaa.timestamp),
@@ -406,6 +432,76 @@ function serialisePortalRegisterChain<Module extends "NFTBridge" | "TokenBridge"
     return body.join("")
 }
 
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Token bridge
+
+export interface TokenBridgeTransfer {
+    module: "TokenBridge"
+    type: "Transfer"
+    amount: bigint
+    tokenAddress: string
+    tokenChain: number
+    toAddress: string
+    chain: number
+    fee: bigint
+}
+
+function tokenBridgeTransferParser(): P<TokenBridgeTransfer> {
+    return new P(new Parser()
+        .endianess("big")
+        .string("module", {
+            length: (_) => 0,
+            formatter: (_) => "TokenBridge"
+        })
+        .uint8("type", {
+            assert: 1,
+            formatter: (_action) => "Transfer"
+        })
+        .array("amount", {
+            type: "uint8",
+            lengthInBytes: 32,
+            formatter: (bytes) => BigNumber.from(bytes).toBigInt()
+        })
+        .array("tokenAddress", {
+            type: "uint8",
+            lengthInBytes: 32,
+            formatter: (arr) => "0x" + Buffer.from(arr).toString("hex")
+        })
+        .uint16("tokenChain")
+        .array("toAddress", {
+            type: "uint8",
+            lengthInBytes: 32,
+            formatter: (arr) => "0x" + Buffer.from(arr).toString("hex")
+        })
+        .uint16("chain")
+        .array("fee", {
+            type: "uint8",
+            lengthInBytes: 32,
+            formatter: (bytes) => BigNumber.from(bytes).toBigInt()
+        })
+        .string("end", {
+            greedy: true,
+            assert: str => str === ""
+        })
+    )
+}
+
+function serialiseTokenBridgeTransfer(payload: TokenBridgeTransfer): string {
+    const body = [
+        encode("uint8", 1),
+        encode("uint256", payload.amount),
+        encode("bytes32", hex(payload.tokenAddress)),
+        encode("uint16", payload.tokenChain),
+        encode("bytes32", hex(payload.toAddress)),
+        encode("uint16", payload.chain),
+        encode("uint256", payload.fee),
+    ]
+    return body.join("")
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// NFT bridge
+
 // This function should be called after pattern matching on all possible options
 // of an enum (union) type, so that typescript can derive that no other options
 // are possible.  If (from JavaScript land) an unsupported argument is passed