Merge pull request #159 from ddrown/source_master

Remove libraries/LiquidCrystal_I2C as the normal (AVR) Arduino version works fine (and the version that was in the repo was non-standard and didn't work for most people.
This commit is contained in:
Roger Clark 2016-02-04 13:39:51 +11:00
commit 268d9208b8
26 changed files with 0 additions and 1394 deletions

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// LiquidCrystal_I2C V2.0
#include "LiquidCrystal_I2C.h"
#include <inttypes.h>
#include "Wire.h"
#include "Arduino.h"
// When the display powers up, it is configured as follows:
//
// 1. Display clear
// 2. Function set:
// DL = 1; 8-bit interface data
// N = 0; 1-line display
// F = 0; 5x8 dot character font
// 3. Display on/off control:
// D = 0; Display off
// C = 0; Cursor off
// B = 0; Blinking off
// 4. Entry mode set:
// I/D = 1; Increment by 1
// S = 0; No shift
//
// Note, however, that resetting the Arduino doesn't reset the LCD, so we
// can't assume that its in that state when a sketch starts (and the
// LiquidCrystal constructor is called).
LiquidCrystal_I2C::LiquidCrystal_I2C(uint8_t lcd_Addr,uint8_t lcd_cols,uint8_t lcd_rows)
{
_Addr = lcd_Addr;
_cols = lcd_cols;
_rows = lcd_rows;
_backlightval = LCD_NOBACKLIGHT;
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::init(){
init_priv();
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::init_priv()
{
Wire.begin();
_displayfunction = LCD_4BITMODE | LCD_1LINE | LCD_5x8DOTS;
begin(_cols, _rows);
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::begin(uint8_t cols, uint8_t lines, uint8_t dotsize) {
if (lines > 1) {
_displayfunction |= LCD_2LINE;
}
_numlines = lines;
// for some 1 line displays you can select a 10 pixel high font
if ((dotsize != 0) && (lines == 1)) {
_displayfunction |= LCD_5x10DOTS;
}
// SEE PAGE 45/46 FOR INITIALIZATION SPECIFICATION!
// according to datasheet, we need at least 40ms after power rises above 2.7V
// before sending commands. Arduino can turn on way befer 4.5V so we'll wait 50
delayMicroseconds(50000);
// Now we pull both RS and R/W low to begin commands
expanderWrite(_backlightval); // reset expanderand turn backlight off (Bit 8 =1)
delay(1000);
//put the LCD into 4 bit mode
// this is according to the hitachi HD44780 datasheet
// figure 24, pg 46
// we start in 8bit mode, try to set 4 bit mode
write4bits(0x03);
delayMicroseconds(4500); // wait min 4.1ms
// second try
write4bits(0x03);
delayMicroseconds(4500); // wait min 4.1ms
// third go!
write4bits(0x03);
delayMicroseconds(150);
// finally, set to 4-bit interface
write4bits(0x02);
// set # lines, font size, etc.
command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);
// turn the display on with no cursor or blinking default
_displaycontrol = LCD_DISPLAYON | LCD_CURSOROFF | LCD_BLINKOFF;
display();
// clear it off
clear();
// Initialize to default text direction (for roman languages)
_displaymode = LCD_ENTRYLEFT | LCD_ENTRYSHIFTDECREMENT;
// set the entry mode
command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
home();
}
/********** high level commands, for the user! */
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::clear(){
command(LCD_CLEARDISPLAY);// clear display, set cursor position to zero
delayMicroseconds(2000); // this command takes a long time!
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::home(){
command(LCD_RETURNHOME); // set cursor position to zero
delayMicroseconds(2000); // this command takes a long time!
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::setCursor(uint8_t col, uint8_t row){
int row_offsets[] = { 0x00, 0x40, 0x14, 0x54 };
if ( row > _numlines ) {
row = _numlines-1; // we count rows starting w/0
}
command(LCD_SETDDRAMADDR | (col + row_offsets[row]));
}
// Turn the display on/off (quickly)
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noDisplay() {
_displaycontrol &= ~LCD_DISPLAYON;
command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::display() {
_displaycontrol |= LCD_DISPLAYON;
command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
// Turns the underline cursor on/off
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noCursor() {
_displaycontrol &= ~LCD_CURSORON;
command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::cursor() {
_displaycontrol |= LCD_CURSORON;
command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
// Turn on and off the blinking cursor
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noBlink() {
_displaycontrol &= ~LCD_BLINKON;
command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::blink() {
_displaycontrol |= LCD_BLINKON;
command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
// These commands scroll the display without changing the RAM
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::scrollDisplayLeft(void) {
command(LCD_CURSORSHIFT | LCD_DISPLAYMOVE | LCD_MOVELEFT);
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::scrollDisplayRight(void) {
command(LCD_CURSORSHIFT | LCD_DISPLAYMOVE | LCD_MOVERIGHT);
}
// This is for text that flows Left to Right
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::leftToRight(void) {
_displaymode |= LCD_ENTRYLEFT;
command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
}
// This is for text that flows Right to Left
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::rightToLeft(void) {
_displaymode &= ~LCD_ENTRYLEFT;
command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
}
// This will 'right justify' text from the cursor
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::autoscroll(void) {
_displaymode |= LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT;
command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
}
// This will 'left justify' text from the cursor
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noAutoscroll(void) {
_displaymode &= ~LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT;
command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
}
// Allows us to fill the first 8 CGRAM locations
// with custom characters
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::createChar(uint8_t location, uint8_t charmap[]) {
location &= 0x7; // we only have 8 locations 0-7
command(LCD_SETCGRAMADDR | (location << 3));
for (int i=0; i<8; i++) {
write(charmap[i]);
}
}
// Turn the (optional) backlight off/on
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noBacklight(void) {
_backlightval=LCD_NOBACKLIGHT;
expanderWrite(0);
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::backlight(void) {
_backlightval=LCD_BACKLIGHT;
expanderWrite(0);
}
/*********** mid level commands, for sending data/cmds */
inline void LiquidCrystal_I2C::command(uint8_t value) {
send(value, 0);
}
inline size_t LiquidCrystal_I2C::write(uint8_t value) {
send(value, Rs);
return 0;
}
/************ low level data pushing commands **********/
// write either command or data
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::send(uint8_t value, uint8_t mode) {
uint8_t highnib=value>>4;
uint8_t lownib=value & 0x0F;
write4bits((highnib)|mode);
write4bits((lownib)|mode);
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::write4bits(uint8_t value) {
expanderWrite(value);
pulseEnable(value);
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::expanderWrite(uint8_t _data){
Wire.beginTransmission(_Addr);
Wire.write((int)(_data) | _backlightval);
Wire.endTransmission();
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::pulseEnable(uint8_t _data){
expanderWrite(_data | En); // En high
delayMicroseconds(1); // enable pulse must be >450ns
expanderWrite(_data & ~En); // En low
delayMicroseconds(50); // commands need > 37us to settle
}
// Alias functions
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::cursor_on(){
cursor();
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::cursor_off(){
noCursor();
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::blink_on(){
blink();
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::blink_off(){
noBlink();
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::load_custom_character(uint8_t char_num, uint8_t *rows){
createChar(char_num, rows);
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::setBacklight(uint8_t new_val){
if(new_val){
backlight(); // turn backlight on
}else{
noBacklight(); // turn backlight off
}
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::printstr(const char c[]){
//This function is not identical to the function used for "real" I2C displays
//it's here so the user sketch doesn't have to be changed
print(c);
}
// unsupported API functions
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::off(){}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::on(){}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::setDelay (int cmdDelay,int charDelay) {}
uint8_t LiquidCrystal_I2C::status(){return 0;}
uint8_t LiquidCrystal_I2C::keypad (){return 0;}
uint8_t LiquidCrystal_I2C::init_bargraph(uint8_t graphtype){return 0;}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::draw_horizontal_graph(uint8_t row, uint8_t column, uint8_t len, uint8_t pixel_col_end){}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::draw_vertical_graph(uint8_t row, uint8_t column, uint8_t len, uint8_t pixel_row_end){}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::setContrast(uint8_t new_val){}

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// LiquidCrystal_I2C V2.0
#ifndef LiquidCrystal_I2C_h
#define LiquidCrystal_I2C_h
#include <inttypes.h>
#include "Print.h"
#include <Wire.h>
// commands
#define LCD_CLEARDISPLAY 0x01
#define LCD_RETURNHOME 0x02
#define LCD_ENTRYMODESET 0x04
#define LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL 0x08
#define LCD_CURSORSHIFT 0x10
#define LCD_FUNCTIONSET 0x20
#define LCD_SETCGRAMADDR 0x40
#define LCD_SETDDRAMADDR 0x80
// flags for display entry mode
#define LCD_ENTRYRIGHT 0x00
#define LCD_ENTRYLEFT 0x02
#define LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT 0x01
#define LCD_ENTRYSHIFTDECREMENT 0x00
// flags for display on/off control
#define LCD_DISPLAYON 0x04
#define LCD_DISPLAYOFF 0x00
#define LCD_CURSORON 0x02
#define LCD_CURSOROFF 0x00
#define LCD_BLINKON 0x01
#define LCD_BLINKOFF 0x00
// flags for display/cursor shift
#define LCD_DISPLAYMOVE 0x08
#define LCD_CURSORMOVE 0x00
#define LCD_MOVERIGHT 0x04
#define LCD_MOVELEFT 0x00
// flags for function set
#define LCD_8BITMODE 0x10
#define LCD_4BITMODE 0x00
#define LCD_2LINE 0x08
#define LCD_1LINE 0x00
#define LCD_5x10DOTS 0x04
#define LCD_5x8DOTS 0x00
// flags for backlight control
#define LCD_BACKLIGHT 0x00
#define LCD_NOBACKLIGHT 0x80
#define En B00010000 // Enable bit
#define Rw B00100000 // Read/Write bit
#define Rs B01000000 // Register select bit
class LiquidCrystal_I2C : public Print {
public:
LiquidCrystal_I2C(uint8_t lcd_Addr,uint8_t lcd_cols,uint8_t lcd_rows);
void begin(uint8_t cols, uint8_t rows, uint8_t charsize = LCD_5x8DOTS );
void clear();
void home();
void noDisplay();
void display();
void noBlink();
void blink();
void noCursor();
void cursor();
void scrollDisplayLeft();
void scrollDisplayRight();
void printLeft();
void printRight();
void leftToRight();
void rightToLeft();
void shiftIncrement();
void shiftDecrement();
void noBacklight();
void backlight();
void autoscroll();
void noAutoscroll();
void createChar(uint8_t, uint8_t[]);
void setCursor(uint8_t, uint8_t);
virtual size_t write(uint8_t);
void command(uint8_t);
void init();
////compatibility API function aliases
void blink_on(); // alias for blink()
void blink_off(); // alias for noBlink()
void cursor_on(); // alias for cursor()
void cursor_off(); // alias for noCursor()
void setBacklight(uint8_t new_val); // alias for backlight() and nobacklight()
void load_custom_character(uint8_t char_num, uint8_t *rows); // alias for createChar()
void printstr(const char[]);
////Unsupported API functions (not implemented in this library)
uint8_t status();
void setContrast(uint8_t new_val);
uint8_t keypad();
void setDelay(int,int);
void on();
void off();
uint8_t init_bargraph(uint8_t graphtype);
void draw_horizontal_graph(uint8_t row, uint8_t column, uint8_t len, uint8_t pixel_col_end);
void draw_vertical_graph(uint8_t row, uint8_t column, uint8_t len, uint8_t pixel_col_end);
private:
void init_priv();
void send(uint8_t, uint8_t);
void write4bits(uint8_t);
void expanderWrite(uint8_t);
void pulseEnable(uint8_t);
uint8_t _Addr;
uint8_t _displayfunction;
uint8_t _displaycontrol;
uint8_t _displaymode;
uint8_t _numlines;
uint8_t _cols;
uint8_t _rows;
uint8_t _backlightval;
};
#endif

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#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
uint8_t bell[8] = {0x4,0xe,0xe,0xe,0x1f,0x0,0x4};
uint8_t note[8] = {0x2,0x3,0x2,0xe,0x1e,0xc,0x0};
uint8_t clock[8] = {0x0,0xe,0x15,0x17,0x11,0xe,0x0};
uint8_t heart[8] = {0x0,0xa,0x1f,0x1f,0xe,0x4,0x0};
uint8_t duck[8] = {0x0,0xc,0x1d,0xf,0xf,0x6,0x0};
uint8_t check[8] = {0x0,0x1,0x3,0x16,0x1c,0x8,0x0};
uint8_t cross[8] = {0x0,0x1b,0xe,0x4,0xe,0x1b,0x0};
uint8_t retarrow[8] = { 0x1,0x1,0x5,0x9,0x1f,0x8,0x4};
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x20,16,2); // set the LCD address to 0x20 for a 16 chars and 2 line display
void setup()
{
lcd.init(); // initialize the lcd
lcd.backlight();
lcd.createChar(0, bell);
lcd.createChar(1, note);
lcd.createChar(2, clock);
lcd.createChar(3, heart);
lcd.createChar(4, duck);
lcd.createChar(5, check);
lcd.createChar(6, cross);
lcd.createChar(7, retarrow);
lcd.home();
lcd.print("Hello world...");
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print(" i ");
lcd.write(3);
lcd.print(" arduinos!");
delay(5000);
displayKeyCodes();
}
// display all keycodes
void displayKeyCodes(void) {
uint8_t i = 0;
while (1) {
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Codes 0x"); lcd.print(i, HEX);
lcd.print("-0x"); lcd.print(i+16, HEX);
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
for (int j=0; j<16; j++) {
lcd.write(i+j);
}
i+=16;
delay(4000);
}
}
void loop()
{
}

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#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x20,16,2); // set the LCD address to 0x20 for a 16 chars and 2 line display
void setup()
{
lcd.init(); // initialize the lcd
// Print a message to the LCD.
lcd.backlight();
lcd.print("Hello, world!");
}
void loop()
{
}

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#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd1(0x20,16,2); // set the LCD address of the first lcd to 0x20 for a 16 chars and 2 line display
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd2(0x21,16,2); // set the LCD address of the second lcd to 0x21 for a 16 chars and 2 line display
void setup()
{
lcd1.init(); // initialize the first lcd
lcd2.init(); // initialize the second lcd
// Print a message on the first LCD.
lcd1.backlight();
lcd1.print("Hello, #1 world!");
// Print a message on the second LCD.
lcd2.backlight();
lcd2.print("Hello, #2 world!");
}
void loop()
{
}

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/*
* Displays text sent over the serial port (e.g. from the Serial Monitor) on
* an attached LCD.
*/
#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x20,16,2); // set the LCD address to 0x20 for a 16 chars and 2 line display
void setup()
{
lcd.init(); // initialize the lcd
lcd.backlight();
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop()
{
// when characters arrive over the serial port...
if (Serial.available()) {
// wait a bit for the entire message to arrive
delay(100);
// clear the screen
lcd.clear();
// read all the available characters
while (Serial.available() > 0) {
// display each character to the LCD
lcd.write(Serial.read());
}
}
}

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Notes for users with a Pollin.de interface board
http://www.pollin.de/shop/dt/NDU4OTgxOTk-/Bausaetze_Module/Bausaetze/LCD_I2C_Modul.html
The pollin interface board will not work with de default library.
To get it working two control lines to the LCD need to be changed.
Open file "LiquidCrystal_I2C.h" with a text editor like Notepad (not WordPad !)
In that file look for:
#define En B00010000 // Enable bit
#define Rw B00100000 // Read/Write bit
#define Rs B01000000 // Register select bit
Replace these lines by:
#define En B01000000 // Enable bit
#define Rw B00100000 // Read/Write bit
#define Rs B00010000 // Register select bit
People at Pollin also have misunderstood the PCF8574 Datasheet and list the wrong addresses on their PCB
For PCF8574A the addressing is:
Jp3 Jp2 Jp1
A2 A1 A0 Dec Hex
L L L 56 0x38
L L H 57 0x39
L H L 64 0x40
L H H 74 0x4A
H L L 75 0x4B
H L H 76 0x4C
H H L 77 0x4D
H H H 78 0x4E
They also seem to ship boards with a PCF8574
For PCF8574 the addressing is:
Jp3 Jp2 Jp1
A2 A1 A0 Dec Hex
L L L 32 0x20
L L H 33 0x21
L H L 34 0x22
L H H 35 0x23
H L L 36 0x24
H L H 37 0x25
H H L 38 0x26
H H H 39 0x27
They have also chosen two rather high pull-up resistors (10K) for the I2C lines. Usually two 4K7 resistors should do the job.
Please note that on a I2C bus only one device should have the pull-up resistors installed!
I hope this helps in getting your LCD working.
Mario

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LiquidCrystal_I2C V2.0
The LiquidCrystal_I2C library is a modified version of the standard LiquidCrystal library as found on
the Arduino website.
This library is intended to be used when a parallel HD44780 compatible LCD is controlled over I2C using
a PCF8574 extender (see datasheet for details).
4 of the 8 outputs are used for LDC data lines 4 to 7.
3 outputs are used for the Enable, register-select and Read/Write lines.
The one output left can be used to control the backlight of the LCD (if available).
For backlight control some extra resistors and a pnp-type transistor are required (for details see
schematic diagram).
The PCF8574 extender is available in two versions, the PCF8574 and the PCF8574A.
The only difference between the two is the I2C base address.
The base address for the PCF8574 is 0x20 and the base address for the PCF8574A is 0x38.
The examples included in this zip file assume the use of an PCF8574 set for address 0x20
(A0, A1 and A3 grounded).
For compatibility reasons this library contains some aliases for functions that are known under different
names in other libraries. This should make it fairly easy to implement the library in existing sketches
without changing to much code.
Functions not supported by this library will return nothing at all and in case a return value is expected
the function will return 0.
Update 8-12-2011:
Due to the relaese of Arduino IDE 1.0 some changes were made to the library to get it working under the new IDE.
Because of these changes this version of the LiquidCrystal_I2C library can not be used for older IDE versions.
The old version of the LiquidCrystal_I2Clibrary can be downloaded form http://www.xs4all.nl/~hmario/arduino/LiquidCrystal_I2C/V1.0/LiquidCrystal_I2C_V1.0.zip
Download the latest version from:
http://www.xs4all.nl/~hmario/arduino/LiquidCrystal_I2C/LiquidCrystal_I2C.zip
(Thanks to Ailton F. for beta testing.)
Mario H.
atmega@xs4all.nl

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###########################################
# Syntax Coloring Map For LiquidCrystal_I2C
# Version 2.0
###########################################
###########################################
# Datatypes (KEYWORD1)
###########################################
LiquidCrystal_I2C KEYWORD1
###########################################
# Methods and Functions (KEYWORD2)
###########################################
init KEYWORD2
begin KEYWORD2
clear KEYWORD2
home KEYWORD2
noDisplay KEYWORD2
display KEYWORD2
noBlink KEYWORD2
blink KEYWORD2
noCursor KEYWORD2
cursor KEYWORD2
scrollDisplayLeft KEYWORD2
scrollDisplayRight KEYWORD2
leftToRight KEYWORD2
rightToLeft KEYWORD2
shiftIncrement KEYWORD2
shiftDecrement KEYWORD2
noBacklight KEYWORD2
backlight KEYWORD2
autoscroll KEYWORD2
noAutoscroll KEYWORD2
createChar KEYWORD2
setCursor KEYWORD2
print KEYWORD2
blink_on KEYWORD2
blink_off KEYWORD2
cursor_on KEYWORD2
cursor_off KEYWORD2
setBacklight KEYWORD2
load_custom_character KEYWORD2
printstr KEYWORD2
###########################################
# Constants (LITERAL1)
###########################################

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// LiquidCrystal_I2C V2.0
#include "LiquidCrystal_I2C.h"
#include <inttypes.h>
#include "Wire.h"
#include "Arduino.h"
// When the display powers up, it is configured as follows:
//
// 1. Display clear
// 2. Function set:
// DL = 1; 8-bit interface data
// N = 0; 1-line display
// F = 0; 5x8 dot character font
// 3. Display on/off control:
// D = 0; Display off
// C = 0; Cursor off
// B = 0; Blinking off
// 4. Entry mode set:
// I/D = 1; Increment by 1
// S = 0; No shift
//
// Note, however, that resetting the Arduino doesn't reset the LCD, so we
// can't assume that its in that state when a sketch starts (and the
// LiquidCrystal constructor is called).
LiquidCrystal_I2C::LiquidCrystal_I2C(uint8_t lcd_Addr,uint8_t lcd_cols,uint8_t lcd_rows)
{
_Addr = lcd_Addr;
_cols = lcd_cols;
_rows = lcd_rows;
_backlightval = LCD_NOBACKLIGHT;
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::init(){
init_priv();
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::init_priv()
{
Wire.begin();
_displayfunction = LCD_4BITMODE | LCD_1LINE | LCD_5x8DOTS;
begin(_cols, _rows);
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::begin(uint8_t cols, uint8_t lines, uint8_t dotsize) {
if (lines > 1) {
_displayfunction |= LCD_2LINE;
}
_numlines = lines;
// for some 1 line displays you can select a 10 pixel high font
if ((dotsize != 0) && (lines == 1)) {
_displayfunction |= LCD_5x10DOTS;
}
// SEE PAGE 45/46 FOR INITIALIZATION SPECIFICATION!
// according to datasheet, we need at least 40ms after power rises above 2.7V
// before sending commands. Arduino can turn on way befer 4.5V so we'll wait 50
delayMicroseconds(50000);
// Now we pull both RS and R/W low to begin commands
expanderWrite(_backlightval); // reset expanderand turn backlight off (Bit 8 =1)
delay(1000);
//put the LCD into 4 bit mode
// this is according to the hitachi HD44780 datasheet
// figure 24, pg 46
// we start in 8bit mode, try to set 4 bit mode
write4bits(0x03);
delayMicroseconds(4500); // wait min 4.1ms
// second try
write4bits(0x03);
delayMicroseconds(4500); // wait min 4.1ms
// third go!
write4bits(0x03);
delayMicroseconds(150);
// finally, set to 4-bit interface
write4bits(0x02);
// set # lines, font size, etc.
command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);
// turn the display on with no cursor or blinking default
_displaycontrol = LCD_DISPLAYON | LCD_CURSOROFF | LCD_BLINKOFF;
display();
// clear it off
clear();
// Initialize to default text direction (for roman languages)
_displaymode = LCD_ENTRYLEFT | LCD_ENTRYSHIFTDECREMENT;
// set the entry mode
command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
home();
}
/********** high level commands, for the user! */
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::clear(){
command(LCD_CLEARDISPLAY);// clear display, set cursor position to zero
delayMicroseconds(2000); // this command takes a long time!
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::home(){
command(LCD_RETURNHOME); // set cursor position to zero
delayMicroseconds(2000); // this command takes a long time!
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::setCursor(uint8_t col, uint8_t row){
int row_offsets[] = { 0x00, 0x40, 0x14, 0x54 };
if ( row > _numlines ) {
row = _numlines-1; // we count rows starting w/0
}
command(LCD_SETDDRAMADDR | (col + row_offsets[row]));
}
// Turn the display on/off (quickly)
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noDisplay() {
_displaycontrol &= ~LCD_DISPLAYON;
command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::display() {
_displaycontrol |= LCD_DISPLAYON;
command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
// Turns the underline cursor on/off
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noCursor() {
_displaycontrol &= ~LCD_CURSORON;
command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::cursor() {
_displaycontrol |= LCD_CURSORON;
command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
// Turn on and off the blinking cursor
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noBlink() {
_displaycontrol &= ~LCD_BLINKON;
command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::blink() {
_displaycontrol |= LCD_BLINKON;
command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
// These commands scroll the display without changing the RAM
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::scrollDisplayLeft(void) {
command(LCD_CURSORSHIFT | LCD_DISPLAYMOVE | LCD_MOVELEFT);
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::scrollDisplayRight(void) {
command(LCD_CURSORSHIFT | LCD_DISPLAYMOVE | LCD_MOVERIGHT);
}
// This is for text that flows Left to Right
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::leftToRight(void) {
_displaymode |= LCD_ENTRYLEFT;
command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
}
// This is for text that flows Right to Left
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::rightToLeft(void) {
_displaymode &= ~LCD_ENTRYLEFT;
command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
}
// This will 'right justify' text from the cursor
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::autoscroll(void) {
_displaymode |= LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT;
command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
}
// This will 'left justify' text from the cursor
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noAutoscroll(void) {
_displaymode &= ~LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT;
command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
}
// Allows us to fill the first 8 CGRAM locations
// with custom characters
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::createChar(uint8_t location, uint8_t charmap[]) {
location &= 0x7; // we only have 8 locations 0-7
command(LCD_SETCGRAMADDR | (location << 3));
for (int i=0; i<8; i++) {
write(charmap[i]);
}
}
// Turn the (optional) backlight off/on
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noBacklight(void) {
_backlightval=LCD_NOBACKLIGHT;
expanderWrite(0);
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::backlight(void) {
_backlightval=LCD_BACKLIGHT;
expanderWrite(0);
}
/*********** mid level commands, for sending data/cmds */
inline void LiquidCrystal_I2C::command(uint8_t value) {
send(value, 0);
}
inline size_t LiquidCrystal_I2C::write(uint8_t value) {
send(value, Rs);
return 0;
}
/************ low level data pushing commands **********/
// write either command or data
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::send(uint8_t value, uint8_t mode) {
uint8_t highnib=value>>4;
uint8_t lownib=value & 0x0F;
write4bits((highnib)|mode);
write4bits((lownib)|mode);
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::write4bits(uint8_t value) {
expanderWrite(value);
pulseEnable(value);
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::expanderWrite(uint8_t _data){
Wire.beginTransmission(_Addr);
Wire.write((int)(_data) | _backlightval);
Wire.endTransmission();
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::pulseEnable(uint8_t _data){
expanderWrite(_data | En); // En high
delayMicroseconds(1); // enable pulse must be >450ns
expanderWrite(_data & ~En); // En low
delayMicroseconds(50); // commands need > 37us to settle
}
// Alias functions
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::cursor_on(){
cursor();
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::cursor_off(){
noCursor();
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::blink_on(){
blink();
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::blink_off(){
noBlink();
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::load_custom_character(uint8_t char_num, uint8_t *rows){
createChar(char_num, rows);
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::setBacklight(uint8_t new_val){
if(new_val){
backlight(); // turn backlight on
}else{
noBacklight(); // turn backlight off
}
}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::printstr(const char c[]){
//This function is not identical to the function used for "real" I2C displays
//it's here so the user sketch doesn't have to be changed
print(c);
}
// unsupported API functions
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::off(){}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::on(){}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::setDelay (int cmdDelay,int charDelay) {}
uint8_t LiquidCrystal_I2C::status(){return 0;}
uint8_t LiquidCrystal_I2C::keypad (){return 0;}
uint8_t LiquidCrystal_I2C::init_bargraph(uint8_t graphtype){return 0;}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::draw_horizontal_graph(uint8_t row, uint8_t column, uint8_t len, uint8_t pixel_col_end){}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::draw_vertical_graph(uint8_t row, uint8_t column, uint8_t len, uint8_t pixel_row_end){}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::setContrast(uint8_t new_val){}

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// LiquidCrystal_I2C V2.0
#ifndef LiquidCrystal_I2C_h
#define LiquidCrystal_I2C_h
#include <inttypes.h>
#include "Print.h"
#include <Wire.h>
// commands
#define LCD_CLEARDISPLAY 0x01
#define LCD_RETURNHOME 0x02
#define LCD_ENTRYMODESET 0x04
#define LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL 0x08
#define LCD_CURSORSHIFT 0x10
#define LCD_FUNCTIONSET 0x20
#define LCD_SETCGRAMADDR 0x40
#define LCD_SETDDRAMADDR 0x80
// flags for display entry mode
#define LCD_ENTRYRIGHT 0x00
#define LCD_ENTRYLEFT 0x02
#define LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT 0x01
#define LCD_ENTRYSHIFTDECREMENT 0x00
// flags for display on/off control
#define LCD_DISPLAYON 0x04
#define LCD_DISPLAYOFF 0x00
#define LCD_CURSORON 0x02
#define LCD_CURSOROFF 0x00
#define LCD_BLINKON 0x01
#define LCD_BLINKOFF 0x00
// flags for display/cursor shift
#define LCD_DISPLAYMOVE 0x08
#define LCD_CURSORMOVE 0x00
#define LCD_MOVERIGHT 0x04
#define LCD_MOVELEFT 0x00
// flags for function set
#define LCD_8BITMODE 0x10
#define LCD_4BITMODE 0x00
#define LCD_2LINE 0x08
#define LCD_1LINE 0x00
#define LCD_5x10DOTS 0x04
#define LCD_5x8DOTS 0x00
// flags for backlight control
#define LCD_BACKLIGHT 0x00
#define LCD_NOBACKLIGHT 0x80
#define En B00010000 // Enable bit
#define Rw B00100000 // Read/Write bit
#define Rs B01000000 // Register select bit
class LiquidCrystal_I2C : public Print {
public:
LiquidCrystal_I2C(uint8_t lcd_Addr,uint8_t lcd_cols,uint8_t lcd_rows);
void begin(uint8_t cols, uint8_t rows, uint8_t charsize = LCD_5x8DOTS );
void clear();
void home();
void noDisplay();
void display();
void noBlink();
void blink();
void noCursor();
void cursor();
void scrollDisplayLeft();
void scrollDisplayRight();
void printLeft();
void printRight();
void leftToRight();
void rightToLeft();
void shiftIncrement();
void shiftDecrement();
void noBacklight();
void backlight();
void autoscroll();
void noAutoscroll();
void createChar(uint8_t, uint8_t[]);
void setCursor(uint8_t, uint8_t);
virtual size_t write(uint8_t);
void command(uint8_t);
void init();
////compatibility API function aliases
void blink_on(); // alias for blink()
void blink_off(); // alias for noBlink()
void cursor_on(); // alias for cursor()
void cursor_off(); // alias for noCursor()
void setBacklight(uint8_t new_val); // alias for backlight() and nobacklight()
void load_custom_character(uint8_t char_num, uint8_t *rows); // alias for createChar()
void printstr(const char[]);
////Unsupported API functions (not implemented in this library)
uint8_t status();
void setContrast(uint8_t new_val);
uint8_t keypad();
void setDelay(int,int);
void on();
void off();
uint8_t init_bargraph(uint8_t graphtype);
void draw_horizontal_graph(uint8_t row, uint8_t column, uint8_t len, uint8_t pixel_col_end);
void draw_vertical_graph(uint8_t row, uint8_t column, uint8_t len, uint8_t pixel_col_end);
private:
void init_priv();
void send(uint8_t, uint8_t);
void write4bits(uint8_t);
void expanderWrite(uint8_t);
void pulseEnable(uint8_t);
uint8_t _Addr;
uint8_t _displayfunction;
uint8_t _displaycontrol;
uint8_t _displaymode;
uint8_t _numlines;
uint8_t _cols;
uint8_t _rows;
uint8_t _backlightval;
};
#endif

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#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
uint8_t bell[8] = {0x4,0xe,0xe,0xe,0x1f,0x0,0x4};
uint8_t note[8] = {0x2,0x3,0x2,0xe,0x1e,0xc,0x0};
uint8_t clock[8] = {0x0,0xe,0x15,0x17,0x11,0xe,0x0};
uint8_t heart[8] = {0x0,0xa,0x1f,0x1f,0xe,0x4,0x0};
uint8_t duck[8] = {0x0,0xc,0x1d,0xf,0xf,0x6,0x0};
uint8_t check[8] = {0x0,0x1,0x3,0x16,0x1c,0x8,0x0};
uint8_t cross[8] = {0x0,0x1b,0xe,0x4,0xe,0x1b,0x0};
uint8_t retarrow[8] = { 0x1,0x1,0x5,0x9,0x1f,0x8,0x4};
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x20,16,2); // set the LCD address to 0x20 for a 16 chars and 2 line display
void setup()
{
lcd.init(); // initialize the lcd
lcd.backlight();
lcd.createChar(0, bell);
lcd.createChar(1, note);
lcd.createChar(2, clock);
lcd.createChar(3, heart);
lcd.createChar(4, duck);
lcd.createChar(5, check);
lcd.createChar(6, cross);
lcd.createChar(7, retarrow);
lcd.home();
lcd.print("Hello world...");
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print(" i ");
lcd.write(3);
lcd.print(" arduinos!");
delay(5000);
displayKeyCodes();
}
// display all keycodes
void displayKeyCodes(void) {
uint8_t i = 0;
while (1) {
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Codes 0x"); lcd.print(i, HEX);
lcd.print("-0x"); lcd.print(i+16, HEX);
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
for (int j=0; j<16; j++) {
lcd.write(i+j);
}
i+=16;
delay(4000);
}
}
void loop()
{
}

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#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x20,16,2); // set the LCD address to 0x20 for a 16 chars and 2 line display
void setup()
{
lcd.init(); // initialize the lcd
// Print a message to the LCD.
lcd.backlight();
lcd.print("Hello, world!");
}
void loop()
{
}

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#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd1(0x20,16,2); // set the LCD address of the first lcd to 0x20 for a 16 chars and 2 line display
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd2(0x21,16,2); // set the LCD address of the second lcd to 0x21 for a 16 chars and 2 line display
void setup()
{
lcd1.init(); // initialize the first lcd
lcd2.init(); // initialize the second lcd
// Print a message on the first LCD.
lcd1.backlight();
lcd1.print("Hello, #1 world!");
// Print a message on the second LCD.
lcd2.backlight();
lcd2.print("Hello, #2 world!");
}
void loop()
{
}

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/*
* Displays text sent over the serial port (e.g. from the Serial Monitor) on
* an attached LCD.
*/
#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x20,16,2); // set the LCD address to 0x20 for a 16 chars and 2 line display
void setup()
{
lcd.init(); // initialize the lcd
lcd.backlight();
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop()
{
// when characters arrive over the serial port...
if (Serial.available()) {
// wait a bit for the entire message to arrive
delay(100);
// clear the screen
lcd.clear();
// read all the available characters
while (Serial.available() > 0) {
// display each character to the LCD
lcd.write(Serial.read());
}
}
}

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Notes for users with a Pollin.de interface board
http://www.pollin.de/shop/dt/NDU4OTgxOTk-/Bausaetze_Module/Bausaetze/LCD_I2C_Modul.html
The pollin interface board will not work with de default library.
To get it working two control lines to the LCD need to be changed.
Open file "LiquidCrystal_I2C.h" with a text editor like Notepad (not WordPad !)
In that file look for:
#define En B00010000 // Enable bit
#define Rw B00100000 // Read/Write bit
#define Rs B01000000 // Register select bit
Replace these lines by:
#define En B01000000 // Enable bit
#define Rw B00100000 // Read/Write bit
#define Rs B00010000 // Register select bit
People at Pollin also have misunderstood the PCF8574 Datasheet and list the wrong addresses on their PCB
For PCF8574A the addressing is:
Jp3 Jp2 Jp1
A2 A1 A0 Dec Hex
L L L 56 0x38
L L H 57 0x39
L H L 64 0x40
L H H 74 0x4A
H L L 75 0x4B
H L H 76 0x4C
H H L 77 0x4D
H H H 78 0x4E
They also seem to ship boards with a PCF8574
For PCF8574 the addressing is:
Jp3 Jp2 Jp1
A2 A1 A0 Dec Hex
L L L 32 0x20
L L H 33 0x21
L H L 34 0x22
L H H 35 0x23
H L L 36 0x24
H L H 37 0x25
H H L 38 0x26
H H H 39 0x27
They have also chosen two rather high pull-up resistors (10K) for the I2C lines. Usually two 4K7 resistors should do the job.
Please note that on a I2C bus only one device should have the pull-up resistors installed!
I hope this helps in getting your LCD working.
Mario

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LiquidCrystal_I2C V2.0
The LiquidCrystal_I2C library is a modified version of the standard LiquidCrystal library as found on
the Arduino website.
This library is intended to be used when a parallel HD44780 compatible LCD is controlled over I2C using
a PCF8574 extender (see datasheet for details).
4 of the 8 outputs are used for LDC data lines 4 to 7.
3 outputs are used for the Enable, register-select and Read/Write lines.
The one output left can be used to control the backlight of the LCD (if available).
For backlight control some extra resistors and a pnp-type transistor are required (for details see
schematic diagram).
The PCF8574 extender is available in two versions, the PCF8574 and the PCF8574A.
The only difference between the two is the I2C base address.
The base address for the PCF8574 is 0x20 and the base address for the PCF8574A is 0x38.
The examples included in this zip file assume the use of an PCF8574 set for address 0x20
(A0, A1 and A3 grounded).
For compatibility reasons this library contains some aliases for functions that are known under different
names in other libraries. This should make it fairly easy to implement the library in existing sketches
without changing to much code.
Functions not supported by this library will return nothing at all and in case a return value is expected
the function will return 0.
Update 8-12-2011:
Due to the relaese of Arduino IDE 1.0 some changes were made to the library to get it working under the new IDE.
Because of these changes this version of the LiquidCrystal_I2C library can not be used for older IDE versions.
The old version of the LiquidCrystal_I2Clibrary can be downloaded form http://www.xs4all.nl/~hmario/arduino/LiquidCrystal_I2C/V1.0/LiquidCrystal_I2C_V1.0.zip
Download the latest version from:
http://www.xs4all.nl/~hmario/arduino/LiquidCrystal_I2C/LiquidCrystal_I2C.zip
(Thanks to Ailton F. for beta testing.)
Mario H.
atmega@xs4all.nl

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###########################################
# Syntax Coloring Map For LiquidCrystal_I2C
# Version 2.0
###########################################
###########################################
# Datatypes (KEYWORD1)
###########################################
LiquidCrystal_I2C KEYWORD1
###########################################
# Methods and Functions (KEYWORD2)
###########################################
init KEYWORD2
begin KEYWORD2
clear KEYWORD2
home KEYWORD2
noDisplay KEYWORD2
display KEYWORD2
noBlink KEYWORD2
blink KEYWORD2
noCursor KEYWORD2
cursor KEYWORD2
scrollDisplayLeft KEYWORD2
scrollDisplayRight KEYWORD2
leftToRight KEYWORD2
rightToLeft KEYWORD2
shiftIncrement KEYWORD2
shiftDecrement KEYWORD2
noBacklight KEYWORD2
backlight KEYWORD2
autoscroll KEYWORD2
noAutoscroll KEYWORD2
createChar KEYWORD2
setCursor KEYWORD2
print KEYWORD2
blink_on KEYWORD2
blink_off KEYWORD2
cursor_on KEYWORD2
cursor_off KEYWORD2
setBacklight KEYWORD2
load_custom_character KEYWORD2
printstr KEYWORD2
###########################################
# Constants (LITERAL1)
###########################################