Merge branch 'master' into remove-install-warning

.gitignore

@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@ awscpu
 # Output of the go coverage tool, specifically when used with LiteIDE
 *.out
 
+# ignore GoLand metafiles directory
+.idea/
+
 *logs/
 
 .vscode*
@@ -26,6 +29,7 @@ awscpu
 *.ava
 
 db*
+
 *cpu[0-9]*
 *mem[0-9]*
 *lock[0-9]*
@@ -42,4 +46,9 @@ db*
 bin/
 build/
 
-*/mykey/staker.*
+keys/staker.*
+
+!*.go
+!*.proto
+
+plugins/

Dockerfile

@@ -6,10 +6,6 @@ RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y libssl-dev libuv1-dev curl cmake
 
 RUN mkdir -p /go/src/github.com/ava-labs
 
-# Because downloading ethereum takes long it is done separately, so that the docker
-# layer, when cached can be re-used
-RUN go get -t -v github.com/ava-labs/go-ethereum
-
 WORKDIR $GOPATH/src/github.com/ava-labs/
 COPY . gecko
 

README.md

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ The Gecko binary, named `ava`, is in the `build` directory.
 - Build the docker image of latest gecko branch by `scripts/build_image.sh`.
 - Check the built image by `docker image ls`, you should see some image tagged
   `gecko-xxxxxxxx`, where `xxxxxxxx` is the commit id of the Gecko source it was built from.
-- Test Gecko by `docker run -ti -p 9651:9651 gecko-xxxxxxxx /gecko/build/ava
+- Test Gecko by `docker run -ti -p 9650:9650 -p 9651:9651 gecko-xxxxxxxx /gecko/build/ava
    --public-ip=127.0.0.1 --snow-sample-size=1 --snow-quorum-size=1 --staking-tls-enabled=false`. (For a production deployment,
   you may want to extend the docker image with required credentials for
   staking and TLS.)

api/keystore/service.go

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/gorilla/rpc/v2"
 
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/chains/atomic"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database/encdb"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database/prefixdb"
@@ -21,10 +22,30 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/components/codec"
 
 	jsoncodec "github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils/json"
+	zxcvbn "github.com/nbutton23/zxcvbn-go"
+)
+
+const (
+	// maxUserPassLen is the maximum length of the username or password allowed
+	maxUserPassLen = 1024
+
+	// requiredPassScore defines the score a password must achieve to be accepted
+	// as a password with strong characteristics by the zxcvbn package
+	//
+	// The scoring mechanism defined is as follows;
+	//
+	// 0 # too guessable: risky password. (guesses < 10^3)
+	// 1 # very guessable: protection from throttled online attacks. (guesses < 10^6)
+	// 2 # somewhat guessable: protection from unthrottled online attacks. (guesses < 10^8)
+	// 3 # safely unguessable: moderate protection from offline slow-hash scenario. (guesses < 10^10)
+	// 4 # very unguessable: strong protection from offline slow-hash scenario. (guesses >= 10^10)
+	requiredPassScore = 2
 )
 
 var (
-	errEmptyUsername = errors.New("username can't be the empty string")
+	errEmptyUsername     = errors.New("username can't be the empty string")
+	errUserPassMaxLength = fmt.Errorf("CreateUser call rejected due to username or password exceeding maximum length of %d chars", maxUserPassLen)
+	errWeakPassword      = errors.New("Failed to create user as the given password is too weak. A stronger password is one of 8 or more characters containing attributes of upper and lowercase letters, numbers, and/or special characters")
 )
 
 // KeyValuePair ...
@@ -114,7 +135,11 @@ func (ks *Keystore) CreateUser(_ *http.Request, args *CreateUserArgs, reply *Cre
 	ks.lock.Lock()
 	defer ks.lock.Unlock()
 
-	ks.log.Verbo("CreateUser called with %s", args.Username)
+	ks.log.Verbo("CreateUser called with %.*s", maxUserPassLen, args.Username)
+
+	if len(args.Username) > maxUserPassLen || len(args.Password) > maxUserPassLen {
+		return errUserPassMaxLength
+	}
 
 	if args.Username == "" {
 		return errEmptyUsername
@@ -123,6 +148,10 @@ func (ks *Keystore) CreateUser(_ *http.Request, args *CreateUserArgs, reply *Cre
 		return fmt.Errorf("user already exists: %s", args.Username)
 	}
 
+	if zxcvbn.PasswordStrength(args.Password, nil).Score < requiredPassScore {
+		return errWeakPassword
+	}
+
 	usr := &User{}
 	if err := usr.Initialize(args.Password); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -174,7 +203,7 @@ type ExportUserArgs struct {
 
 // ExportUserReply is the reply from ExportUser
 type ExportUserReply struct {
-	User string `json:"user"`
+	User formatting.CB58 `json:"user"`
 }
 
 // ExportUser exports a serialized encoding of a user's information complete with encrypted database values
@@ -214,16 +243,15 @@ func (ks *Keystore) ExportUser(_ *http.Request, args *ExportUserArgs, reply *Exp
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	cb58 := formatting.CB58{Bytes: b}
-	reply.User = cb58.String()
+	reply.User.Bytes = b
 	return nil
 }
 
 // ImportUserArgs are arguments for ImportUser
 type ImportUserArgs struct {
-	Username string `json:"username"`
-	Password string `json:"password"`
-	User     string `json:"user"`
+	Username string          `json:"username"`
+	Password string          `json:"password"`
+	User     formatting.CB58 `json:"user"`
 }
 
 // ImportUserReply is the response for ImportUser
@@ -242,13 +270,8 @@ func (ks *Keystore) ImportUser(r *http.Request, args *ImportUserArgs, reply *Imp
 		return fmt.Errorf("user already exists: %s", args.Username)
 	}
 
-	cb58 := formatting.CB58{}
-	if err := cb58.FromString(args.User); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
 	userData := UserDB{}
-	if err := ks.codec.Unmarshal(cb58.Bytes, &userData); err != nil {
+	if err := ks.codec.Unmarshal(args.User.Bytes, &userData); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -257,22 +280,25 @@ func (ks *Keystore) ImportUser(r *http.Request, args *ImportUserArgs, reply *Imp
 		return err
 	}
 
-	// TODO: Should add batching to prevent creating a user without importing
-	// the account
-	if err := ks.userDB.Put([]byte(args.Username), usrBytes); err != nil {
+	userBatch := ks.userDB.NewBatch()
+	if err := userBatch.Put([]byte(args.Username), usrBytes); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	ks.users[args.Username] = &userData.User
-
-	userDB := prefixdb.New([]byte(args.Username), ks.bcDB)
-	batch := userDB.NewBatch()
 
+	userDataDB := prefixdb.New([]byte(args.Username), ks.bcDB)
+	dataBatch := userDataDB.NewBatch()
 	for _, kvp := range userData.Data {
-		batch.Put(kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
+		dataBatch.Put(kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
 	}
 
+	if err := atomic.WriteAll(dataBatch, userBatch); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	ks.users[args.Username] = &userData.User
+
 	reply.Success = true
-	return batch.Write()
+	return nil
 }
 
 // NewBlockchainKeyStore ...

api/keystore/service_test.go

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ package keystore
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"math/rand"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database/memdb"
@@ -12,6 +14,12 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils/logging"
 )
 
+var (
+	// strongPassword defines a password used for the following tests that
+	// scores high enough to pass the password strength scoring system
+	strongPassword = "N_+=_jJ;^(<;{4,:*m6CET}'&N;83FYK.wtNpwp-Jt"
+)
+
 func TestServiceListNoUsers(t *testing.T) {
 	ks := Keystore{}
 	ks.Initialize(logging.NoLog{}, memdb.New())
@@ -33,7 +41,7 @@ func TestServiceCreateUser(t *testing.T) {
 		reply := CreateUserReply{}
 		if err := ks.CreateUser(nil, &CreateUserArgs{
 			Username: "bob",
-			Password: "launch",
+			Password: strongPassword,
 		}, &reply); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -56,6 +64,78 @@ func TestServiceCreateUser(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// genStr returns a string of given length
+func genStr(n int) string {
+	b := make([]byte, n)
+	rand.Read(b)
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%x", b)[:n]
+}
+
+// TestServiceCreateUserArgsChecks generates excessively long usernames or
+// passwords to assure the santity checks on string length are not exceeded
+func TestServiceCreateUserArgsCheck(t *testing.T) {
+	ks := Keystore{}
+	ks.Initialize(logging.NoLog{}, memdb.New())
+
+	{
+		reply := CreateUserReply{}
+		err := ks.CreateUser(nil, &CreateUserArgs{
+			Username: genStr(maxUserPassLen + 1),
+			Password: strongPassword,
+		}, &reply)
+
+		if reply.Success || err != errUserPassMaxLength {
+			t.Fatal("User was created when it should have been rejected due to too long a Username, err =", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	{
+		reply := CreateUserReply{}
+		err := ks.CreateUser(nil, &CreateUserArgs{
+			Username: "shortuser",
+			Password: genStr(maxUserPassLen + 1),
+		}, &reply)
+
+		if reply.Success || err != errUserPassMaxLength {
+			t.Fatal("User was created when it should have been rejected due to too long a Password, err =", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	{
+		reply := ListUsersReply{}
+		if err := ks.ListUsers(nil, &ListUsersArgs{}, &reply); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if len(reply.Users) > 0 {
+			t.Fatalf("A user exists when there should be none")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// TestServiceCreateUserWeakPassword tests creating a new user with a weak
+// password to ensure the password strength check is working
+func TestServiceCreateUserWeakPassword(t *testing.T) {
+	ks := Keystore{}
+	ks.Initialize(logging.NoLog{}, memdb.New())
+
+	{
+		reply := CreateUserReply{}
+		err := ks.CreateUser(nil, &CreateUserArgs{
+			Username: "bob",
+			Password: "weak",
+		}, &reply)
+
+		if err != errWeakPassword {
+			t.Error("Unexpected error occurred when testing weak password:", err)
+		}
+
+		if reply.Success {
+			t.Fatal("User was created when it should have been rejected due to weak password")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func TestServiceCreateDuplicate(t *testing.T) {
 	ks := Keystore{}
 	ks.Initialize(logging.NoLog{}, memdb.New())
@@ -64,7 +144,7 @@ func TestServiceCreateDuplicate(t *testing.T) {
 		reply := CreateUserReply{}
 		if err := ks.CreateUser(nil, &CreateUserArgs{
 			Username: "bob",
-			Password: "launch",
+			Password: strongPassword,
 		}, &reply); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -77,7 +157,7 @@ func TestServiceCreateDuplicate(t *testing.T) {
 		reply := CreateUserReply{}
 		if err := ks.CreateUser(nil, &CreateUserArgs{
 			Username: "bob",
-			Password: "launch!",
+			Password: strongPassword,
 		}, &reply); err == nil {
 			t.Fatalf("Should have errored due to the username already existing")
 		}
@@ -90,7 +170,7 @@ func TestServiceCreateUserNoName(t *testing.T) {
 
 	reply := CreateUserReply{}
 	if err := ks.CreateUser(nil, &CreateUserArgs{
-		Password: "launch",
+		Password: strongPassword,
 	}, &reply); err == nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Shouldn't have allowed empty username")
 	}
@@ -104,7 +184,7 @@ func TestServiceUseBlockchainDB(t *testing.T) {
 		reply := CreateUserReply{}
 		if err := ks.CreateUser(nil, &CreateUserArgs{
 			Username: "bob",
-			Password: "launch",
+			Password: strongPassword,
 		}, &reply); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -114,7 +194,7 @@ func TestServiceUseBlockchainDB(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	{
-		db, err := ks.GetDatabase(ids.Empty, "bob", "launch")
+		db, err := ks.GetDatabase(ids.Empty, "bob", strongPassword)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -124,7 +204,7 @@ func TestServiceUseBlockchainDB(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	{
-		db, err := ks.GetDatabase(ids.Empty, "bob", "launch")
+		db, err := ks.GetDatabase(ids.Empty, "bob", strongPassword)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -144,7 +224,7 @@ func TestServiceExportImport(t *testing.T) {
 		reply := CreateUserReply{}
 		if err := ks.CreateUser(nil, &CreateUserArgs{
 			Username: "bob",
-			Password: "launch",
+			Password: strongPassword,
 		}, &reply); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -154,7 +234,7 @@ func TestServiceExportImport(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	{
-		db, err := ks.GetDatabase(ids.Empty, "bob", "launch")
+		db, err := ks.GetDatabase(ids.Empty, "bob", strongPassword)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -166,7 +246,7 @@ func TestServiceExportImport(t *testing.T) {
 	exportReply := ExportUserReply{}
 	if err := ks.ExportUser(nil, &ExportUserArgs{
 		Username: "bob",
-		Password: "launch",
+		Password: strongPassword,
 	}, &exportReply); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -178,7 +258,7 @@ func TestServiceExportImport(t *testing.T) {
 		reply := ImportUserReply{}
 		if err := newKS.ImportUser(nil, &ImportUserArgs{
 			Username: "bob",
-			Password: "launch",
+			Password: strongPassword,
 			User:     exportReply.User,
 		}, &reply); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
@@ -189,7 +269,7 @@ func TestServiceExportImport(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	{
-		db, err := newKS.GetDatabase(ids.Empty, "bob", "launch")
+		db, err := newKS.GetDatabase(ids.Empty, "bob", strongPassword)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}

chains/atomic/blockchain_memory.go

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// (c) 2019-2020, Ava Labs, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package atomic
+
+import (
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/ids"
+)
+
+// BlockchainSharedMemory provides the API for a blockchain to interact with
+// shared memory of another blockchain
+type BlockchainSharedMemory struct {
+	blockchainID ids.ID
+	sm           *SharedMemory
+}
+
+// GetDatabase returns and locks the provided DB
+func (bsm *BlockchainSharedMemory) GetDatabase(id ids.ID) database.Database {
+	sharedID := bsm.sm.sharedID(id, bsm.blockchainID)
+	return bsm.sm.GetDatabase(sharedID)
+}
+
+// ReleaseDatabase unlocks the provided DB
+func (bsm *BlockchainSharedMemory) ReleaseDatabase(id ids.ID) {
+	sharedID := bsm.sm.sharedID(id, bsm.blockchainID)
+	bsm.sm.ReleaseDatabase(sharedID)
+}

chains/atomic/blockchain_memory_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// (c) 2019-2020, Ava Labs, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package atomic
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database/memdb"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils/logging"
+)
+
+func TestBlockchainSharedMemory(t *testing.T) {
+	sm := SharedMemory{}
+	sm.Initialize(logging.NoLog{}, memdb.New())
+
+	bsm0 := sm.NewBlockchainSharedMemory(blockchainID0)
+	bsm1 := sm.NewBlockchainSharedMemory(blockchainID1)
+
+	sharedDB0 := bsm0.GetDatabase(blockchainID1)
+	if err := sharedDB0.Put([]byte{1}, []byte{2}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	bsm0.ReleaseDatabase(blockchainID1)
+
+	sharedDB1 := bsm1.GetDatabase(blockchainID0)
+	if value, err := sharedDB1.Get([]byte{1}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	} else if !bytes.Equal(value, []byte{2}) {
+		t.Fatalf("database.Get Returned: 0x%x ; Expected: 0x%x", value, []byte{2})
+	}
+	bsm1.ReleaseDatabase(blockchainID0)
+}

chains/atomic/memory.go

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+// (c) 2019-2020, Ava Labs, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package atomic
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database/prefixdb"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/ids"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils/hashing"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils/logging"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/components/codec"
+)
+
+type rcLock struct {
+	lock  sync.Mutex
+	count int
+}
+
+// SharedMemory is the interface for shared memory inside a subnet
+type SharedMemory struct {
+	lock  sync.Mutex
+	log   logging.Logger
+	codec codec.Codec
+	locks map[[32]byte]*rcLock
+	db    database.Database
+}
+
+// Initialize the SharedMemory
+func (sm *SharedMemory) Initialize(log logging.Logger, db database.Database) {
+	sm.log = log
+	sm.codec = codec.NewDefault()
+	sm.locks = make(map[[32]byte]*rcLock)
+	sm.db = db
+}
+
+// NewBlockchainSharedMemory returns a new BlockchainSharedMemory
+func (sm *SharedMemory) NewBlockchainSharedMemory(id ids.ID) *BlockchainSharedMemory {
+	return &BlockchainSharedMemory{
+		blockchainID: id,
+		sm:           sm,
+	}
+}
+
+// GetDatabase returns and locks the provided DB
+func (sm *SharedMemory) GetDatabase(id ids.ID) database.Database {
+	lock := sm.makeLock(id)
+	lock.Lock()
+
+	return prefixdb.New(id.Bytes(), sm.db)
+}
+
+// ReleaseDatabase unlocks the provided DB
+func (sm *SharedMemory) ReleaseDatabase(id ids.ID) {
+	lock := sm.releaseLock(id)
+	lock.Unlock()
+}
+
+func (sm *SharedMemory) makeLock(id ids.ID) *sync.Mutex {
+	sm.lock.Lock()
+	defer sm.lock.Unlock()
+
+	key := id.Key()
+	rc, exists := sm.locks[key]
+	if !exists {
+		rc = &rcLock{}
+		sm.locks[key] = rc
+	}
+	rc.count++
+	return &rc.lock
+}
+
+func (sm *SharedMemory) releaseLock(id ids.ID) *sync.Mutex {
+	sm.lock.Lock()
+	defer sm.lock.Unlock()
+
+	key := id.Key()
+	rc, exists := sm.locks[key]
+	if !exists {
+		panic("Attemping to free an unknown lock")
+	}
+	rc.count--
+	if rc.count == 0 {
+		delete(sm.locks, key)
+	}
+	return &rc.lock
+}
+
+// sharedID calculates the ID of the shared memory space
+func (sm *SharedMemory) sharedID(id1, id2 ids.ID) ids.ID {
+	idKey1 := id1.Key()
+	idKey2 := id2.Key()
+
+	if bytes.Compare(idKey1[:], idKey2[:]) == 1 {
+		idKey1, idKey2 = idKey2, idKey1
+	}
+
+	combinedBytes, err := sm.codec.Marshal([2][32]byte{idKey1, idKey2})
+	sm.log.AssertNoError(err)
+
+	return ids.NewID(hashing.ComputeHash256Array(combinedBytes))
+}

chains/atomic/memory_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+// (c) 2019-2020, Ava Labs, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package atomic
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database/memdb"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/ids"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils/logging"
+)
+
+var (
+	blockchainID0 = ids.Empty.Prefix(0)
+	blockchainID1 = ids.Empty.Prefix(1)
+)
+
+func TestSharedMemorySharedID(t *testing.T) {
+	sm := SharedMemory{}
+	sm.Initialize(logging.NoLog{}, memdb.New())
+
+	sharedID0 := sm.sharedID(blockchainID0, blockchainID1)
+	sharedID1 := sm.sharedID(blockchainID1, blockchainID0)
+
+	if !sharedID0.Equals(sharedID1) {
+		t.Fatalf("SharedMemory.sharedID should be communitive")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSharedMemoryMakeReleaseLock(t *testing.T) {
+	sm := SharedMemory{}
+	sm.Initialize(logging.NoLog{}, memdb.New())
+
+	sharedID := sm.sharedID(blockchainID0, blockchainID1)
+
+	lock0 := sm.makeLock(sharedID)
+
+	if lock1 := sm.makeLock(sharedID); lock0 != lock1 {
+		t.Fatalf("SharedMemory.makeLock should have returned the same lock")
+	}
+	sm.releaseLock(sharedID)
+
+	if lock2 := sm.makeLock(sharedID); lock0 != lock2 {
+		t.Fatalf("SharedMemory.makeLock should have returned the same lock")
+	}
+	sm.releaseLock(sharedID)
+	sm.releaseLock(sharedID)
+
+	if lock3 := sm.makeLock(sharedID); lock0 == lock3 {
+		t.Fatalf("SharedMemory.releaseLock should have returned freed the lock")
+	}
+	sm.releaseLock(sharedID)
+}
+
+func TestSharedMemoryUnknownFree(t *testing.T) {
+	sm := SharedMemory{}
+	sm.Initialize(logging.NoLog{}, memdb.New())
+
+	sharedID := sm.sharedID(blockchainID0, blockchainID1)
+
+	defer func() {
+		if recover() == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Should have panicked due to an unknown free")
+		}
+	}()
+
+	sm.releaseLock(sharedID)
+}

chains/atomic/writer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// (c) 2019-2020, Ava Labs, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package atomic
+
+import (
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database"
+)
+
+// WriteAll assumes all batches have the same underlying database. Batches
+// should not be modified after being passed to this function.
+func WriteAll(baseBatch database.Batch, batches ...database.Batch) error {
+	baseBatch = baseBatch.Inner()
+	for _, batch := range batches {
+		batch = batch.Inner()
+		if err := batch.Replay(baseBatch); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return baseBatch.Write()
+}

chains/atomic/writer_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+// (c) 2019-2020, Ava Labs, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package atomic
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database/memdb"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database/prefixdb"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database/versiondb"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils/logging"
+)
+
+func TestWriteAll(t *testing.T) {
+	baseDB := memdb.New()
+	prefixedDBChain := prefixdb.New([]byte{0}, baseDB)
+	prefixedDBSharedMemory := prefixdb.New([]byte{1}, baseDB)
+
+	sm := SharedMemory{}
+	sm.Initialize(logging.NoLog{}, prefixedDBSharedMemory)
+
+	sharedID := sm.sharedID(blockchainID0, blockchainID1)
+
+	sharedDB := sm.GetDatabase(sharedID)
+
+	writeDB0 := versiondb.New(prefixedDBChain)
+	writeDB1 := versiondb.New(sharedDB)
+	defer sm.ReleaseDatabase(sharedID)
+
+	if err := writeDB0.Put([]byte{1}, []byte{2}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := writeDB1.Put([]byte{2}, []byte{3}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	batch0, err := writeDB0.CommitBatch()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	batch1, err := writeDB1.CommitBatch()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if err := WriteAll(batch0, batch1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if value, err := prefixedDBChain.Get([]byte{1}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	} else if !bytes.Equal(value, []byte{2}) {
+		t.Fatalf("database.Get Returned: 0x%x ; Expected: 0x%x", value, []byte{2})
+	} else if value, err := sharedDB.Get([]byte{2}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	} else if !bytes.Equal(value, []byte{3}) {
+		t.Fatalf("database.Get Returned: 0x%x ; Expected: 0x%x", value, []byte{3})
+	}
+}

chains/manager.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/api"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/api/keystore"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/chains/atomic"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database/prefixdb"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/ids"
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/snow/triggers"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/snow/validators"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils/logging"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils/math"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms"
 
 	avacon "github.com/ava-labs/gecko/snow/consensus/avalanche"
@@ -92,6 +94,7 @@ type manager struct {
 	// That is, [chainID].String() is an alias for the chain, too
 	ids.Aliaser
 
+	stakingEnabled  bool // True iff the network has staking enabled
 	log             logging.Logger
 	logFactory      logging.Factory
 	vmManager       vms.Manager // Manage mappings from vm ID --> vm
@@ -109,6 +112,7 @@ type manager struct {
 	awaiter         Awaiter               // Waits for required connections before running bootstrapping
 	server          *api.Server           // Handles HTTP API calls
 	keystore        *keystore.Keystore
+	sharedMemory    *atomic.SharedMemory
 
 	unblocked     bool
 	blockedChains []ChainParameters
@@ -120,6 +124,7 @@ type manager struct {
 //     <validators> validate this chain
 // TODO: Make this function take less arguments
 func New(
+	stakingEnabled bool,
 	log logging.Logger,
 	logFactory logging.Factory,
 	vmManager vms.Manager,
@@ -135,6 +140,7 @@ func New(
 	awaiter Awaiter,
 	server *api.Server,
 	keystore *keystore.Keystore,
+	sharedMemory *atomic.SharedMemory,
 ) Manager {
 	timeoutManager := timeout.Manager{}
 	timeoutManager.Initialize(requestTimeout)
@@ -143,6 +149,7 @@ func New(
 	router.Initialize(log, &timeoutManager)
 
 	m := &manager{
+		stakingEnabled:  stakingEnabled,
 		log:             log,
 		logFactory:      logFactory,
 		vmManager:       vmManager,
@@ -159,6 +166,7 @@ func New(
 		awaiter:         awaiter,
 		server:          server,
 		keystore:        keystore,
+		sharedMemory:    sharedMemory,
 	}
 	m.Initialize()
 	return m
@@ -206,7 +214,12 @@ func (m *manager) ForceCreateChain(chain ChainParameters) {
 	}
 
 	// Create the chain
-	vm := vmFactory.New()
+	vm, err := vmFactory.New()
+	if err != nil {
+		m.log.Error("error while creating vm: %s", err)
+		return
+	}
+	// TODO: Shutdown VM if an error occurs
 
 	fxs := make([]*common.Fx, len(chain.FxAliases))
 	for i, fxAlias := range chain.FxAliases {
@@ -223,10 +236,16 @@ func (m *manager) ForceCreateChain(chain ChainParameters) {
 			return
 		}
 
+		fx, err := fxFactory.New()
+		if err != nil {
+			m.log.Error("error while creating fx: %s", err)
+			return
+		}
+
 		// Create the fx
 		fxs[i] = &common.Fx{
 			ID: fxID,
-			Fx: fxFactory.New(),
+			Fx: fx,
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -246,6 +265,7 @@ func (m *manager) ForceCreateChain(chain ChainParameters) {
 		NodeID:              m.nodeID,
 		HTTP:                m.server,
 		Keystore:            m.keystore.NewBlockchainKeyStore(chain.ID),
+		SharedMemory:        m.sharedMemory.NewBlockchainSharedMemory(chain.ID),
 		BCLookup:            m,
 	}
 	consensusParams := m.consensusParams
@@ -256,7 +276,13 @@ func (m *manager) ForceCreateChain(chain ChainParameters) {
 	}
 
 	// The validators of this blockchain
-	validators, ok := m.validators.GetValidatorSet(ids.Empty) // TODO: Change argument to chain.SubnetID
+	var validators validators.Set // Validators validating this blockchain
+	var ok bool
+	if m.stakingEnabled {
+		validators, ok = m.validators.GetValidatorSet(chain.SubnetID)
+	} else { // Staking is disabled. Every peer validates every subnet.
+		validators, ok = m.validators.GetValidatorSet(ids.Empty) // ids.Empty is the default subnet ID. TODO: Move to const package so we can use it here.
+	}
 	if !ok {
 		m.log.Error("couldn't get validator set of subnet with ID %s. The subnet may not exist", chain.SubnetID)
 		return
@@ -353,7 +379,7 @@ func (m *manager) createAvalancheChain(
 	msgChan := make(chan common.Message, defaultChannelSize)
 
 	if err := vm.Initialize(ctx, vmDB, genesisData, msgChan, fxs); err != nil {
-		return err
+		return fmt.Errorf("error during vm's Initialize: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	// Handles serialization/deserialization of vertices and also the
@@ -376,13 +402,22 @@ func (m *manager) createAvalancheChain(
 		},
 	}
 
+	bootstrapWeight := uint64(0)
+	for _, beacon := range beacons.List() {
+		newWeight, err := math.Add64(bootstrapWeight, beacon.Weight())
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		bootstrapWeight = newWeight
+	}
+
 	engine.Initialize(avaeng.Config{
 		BootstrapConfig: avaeng.BootstrapConfig{
 			Config: common.Config{
 				Context:    ctx,
 				Validators: validators,
 				Beacons:    beacons,
-				Alpha:      (beacons.Len() + 1) / 2,
+				Alpha:      bootstrapWeight/2 + 1, // must be > 50%
 				Sender:     &sender,
 			},
 			VtxBlocked: vtxBlocker,
@@ -403,6 +438,8 @@ func (m *manager) createAvalancheChain(
 	go ctx.Log.RecoverAndPanic(handler.Dispatch)
 
 	awaiting := &networking.AwaitingConnections{
+		Requested:      beacons,
+		WeightRequired: (3*bootstrapWeight + 3) / 4, // 75% must be connected to
 		Finish: func() {
 			ctx.Lock.Lock()
 			defer ctx.Lock.Unlock()
@@ -410,10 +447,6 @@ func (m *manager) createAvalancheChain(
 			engine.Startup()
 		},
 	}
-	for _, vdr := range beacons.List() {
-		awaiting.Requested.Add(vdr.ID())
-	}
-	awaiting.NumRequired = (3*awaiting.Requested.Len() + 3) / 4 // 75% must be connected to
 	m.awaiter.AwaitConnections(awaiting)
 
 	return nil
@@ -454,6 +487,15 @@ func (m *manager) createSnowmanChain(
 	sender := sender.Sender{}
 	sender.Initialize(ctx, m.sender, m.chainRouter, m.timeoutManager)
 
+	bootstrapWeight := uint64(0)
+	for _, beacon := range beacons.List() {
+		newWeight, err := math.Add64(bootstrapWeight, beacon.Weight())
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		bootstrapWeight = newWeight
+	}
+
 	// The engine handles consensus
 	engine := smeng.Transitive{}
 	engine.Initialize(smeng.Config{
@@ -462,7 +504,7 @@ func (m *manager) createSnowmanChain(
 				Context:    ctx,
 				Validators: validators,
 				Beacons:    beacons,
-				Alpha:      (beacons.Len() + 1) / 2,
+				Alpha:      bootstrapWeight/2 + 1, // must be > 50%
 				Sender:     &sender,
 			},
 			Blocked:      blocked,
@@ -482,6 +524,8 @@ func (m *manager) createSnowmanChain(
 	go ctx.Log.RecoverAndPanic(handler.Dispatch)
 
 	awaiting := &networking.AwaitingConnections{
+		Requested:      beacons,
+		WeightRequired: (3*bootstrapWeight + 3) / 4, // 75% must be connected to
 		Finish: func() {
 			ctx.Lock.Lock()
 			defer ctx.Lock.Unlock()
@@ -489,10 +533,6 @@ func (m *manager) createSnowmanChain(
 			engine.Startup()
 		},
 	}
-	for _, vdr := range beacons.List() {
-		awaiting.Requested.Add(vdr.ID())
-	}
-	awaiting.NumRequired = (3*awaiting.Requested.Len() + 3) / 4 // 75% must be connected to
 	m.awaiter.AwaitConnections(awaiting)
 	return nil
 }

chains/mock_manager.go

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+package chains
+
+import (
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/ids"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/snow/networking/router"
+)
+
+// MockManager implements Manager but does nothing. Always returns nil error.
+// To be used only in tests (namely in package platformvm)
+type MockManager struct{}
+
+// Router ...
+func (mm MockManager) Router() router.Router { return nil }
+
+// CreateChain ...
+func (mm MockManager) CreateChain(ChainParameters) {}
+
+// ForceCreateChain ...
+func (mm MockManager) ForceCreateChain(ChainParameters) {}
+
+// AddRegistrant ...
+func (mm MockManager) AddRegistrant(Registrant) {}
+
+// Lookup ...
+func (mm MockManager) Lookup(string) (ids.ID, error) { return ids.ID{}, nil }
+
+// LookupVM ...
+func (mm MockManager) LookupVM(string) (ids.ID, error) { return ids.ID{}, nil }
+
+// Aliases ...
+func (mm MockManager) Aliases(ids.ID) []string { return nil }
+
+// Alias ...
+func (mm MockManager) Alias(ids.ID, string) error { return nil }
+
+// Shutdown ...
+func (mm MockManager) Shutdown() {}

database/batch.go

@@ -23,6 +23,11 @@ type Batch interface {
 
 	// Replay replays the batch contents.
 	Replay(w KeyValueWriter) error
+
+	// Inner returns a Batch writing to the inner database, if one exists. If
+	// this batch is already writing to the base DB, then itself should be
+	// returned.
+	Inner() Batch
 }
 
 // Batcher wraps the NewBatch method of a backing data store.

database/leveldb/db.go

@@ -184,6 +184,9 @@ func (b *batch) Replay(w database.KeyValueWriter) error {
 	return updateError(replay.err)
 }
 
+// Inner returns itself
+func (b *batch) Inner() database.Batch { return b }
+
 type replayer struct {
 	writer database.KeyValueWriter
 	err    error

database/memdb/db.go

@@ -208,6 +208,9 @@ func (b *batch) Replay(w database.KeyValueWriter) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// Inner returns itself
+func (b *batch) Inner() database.Batch { return b }
+
 type iterator struct {
 	initialized bool
 	keys        []string

database/nodb/db.go

@@ -69,6 +69,9 @@ func (*Batch) Reset() {}
 // Replay does nothing
 func (*Batch) Replay(database.KeyValueWriter) error { return database.ErrClosed }
 
+// Inner returns itself
+func (b *Batch) Inner() database.Batch { return b }
+
 // Iterator does nothing
 type Iterator struct{ Err error }
 

database/rpcdb/db_client.go

@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+// (c) 2019-2020, Ava Labs, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package rpcdb
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"golang.org/x/net/context"
+
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database/nodb"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database/rpcdb/proto"
+)
+
+var (
+	errClosed   = fmt.Sprintf("rpc error: code = Unknown desc = %s", database.ErrClosed)
+	errNotFound = fmt.Sprintf("rpc error: code = Unknown desc = %s", database.ErrNotFound)
+)
+
+// DatabaseClient is an implementation of database that talks over RPC.
+type DatabaseClient struct{ client proto.DatabaseClient }
+
+// NewClient returns a database instance connected to a remote database instance
+func NewClient(client proto.DatabaseClient) *DatabaseClient {
+	return &DatabaseClient{client: client}
+}
+
+// Has returns false, nil
+func (db *DatabaseClient) Has(key []byte) (bool, error) {
+	resp, err := db.client.Has(context.Background(), &proto.HasRequest{
+		Key: key,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, updateError(err)
+	}
+	return resp.Has, nil
+}
+
+// Get returns nil, error
+func (db *DatabaseClient) Get(key []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	resp, err := db.client.Get(context.Background(), &proto.GetRequest{
+		Key: key,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, updateError(err)
+	}
+	return resp.Value, nil
+}
+
+// Put returns nil
+func (db *DatabaseClient) Put(key, value []byte) error {
+	_, err := db.client.Put(context.Background(), &proto.PutRequest{
+		Key:   key,
+		Value: value,
+	})
+	return updateError(err)
+}
+
+// Delete returns nil
+func (db *DatabaseClient) Delete(key []byte) error {
+	_, err := db.client.Delete(context.Background(), &proto.DeleteRequest{
+		Key: key,
+	})
+	return updateError(err)
+}
+
+// NewBatch returns a new batch
+func (db *DatabaseClient) NewBatch() database.Batch { return &batch{db: db} }
+
+// NewIterator implements the Database interface
+func (db *DatabaseClient) NewIterator() database.Iterator {
+	return db.NewIteratorWithStartAndPrefix(nil, nil)
+}
+
+// NewIteratorWithStart implements the Database interface
+func (db *DatabaseClient) NewIteratorWithStart(start []byte) database.Iterator {
+	return db.NewIteratorWithStartAndPrefix(start, nil)
+}
+
+// NewIteratorWithPrefix implements the Database interface
+func (db *DatabaseClient) NewIteratorWithPrefix(prefix []byte) database.Iterator {
+	return db.NewIteratorWithStartAndPrefix(nil, prefix)
+}
+
+// NewIteratorWithStartAndPrefix returns a new empty iterator
+func (db *DatabaseClient) NewIteratorWithStartAndPrefix(start, prefix []byte) database.Iterator {
+	resp, err := db.client.NewIteratorWithStartAndPrefix(context.Background(), &proto.NewIteratorWithStartAndPrefixRequest{
+		Start:  start,
+		Prefix: prefix,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return &nodb.Iterator{Err: updateError(err)}
+	}
+	return &iterator{
+		db: db,
+		id: resp.Id,
+	}
+}
+
+// Stat returns an error
+func (db *DatabaseClient) Stat(property string) (string, error) {
+	resp, err := db.client.Stat(context.Background(), &proto.StatRequest{
+		Property: property,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", updateError(err)
+	}
+	return resp.Stat, nil
+}
+
+// Compact returns nil
+func (db *DatabaseClient) Compact(start, limit []byte) error {
+	_, err := db.client.Compact(context.Background(), &proto.CompactRequest{
+		Start: start,
+		Limit: limit,
+	})
+	return updateError(err)
+}
+
+// Close returns nil
+func (db *DatabaseClient) Close() error {
+	_, err := db.client.Close(context.Background(), &proto.CloseRequest{})
+	return updateError(err)
+}
+
+type keyValue struct {
+	key    []byte
+	value  []byte
+	delete bool
+}
+
+type batch struct {
+	db     *DatabaseClient
+	writes []keyValue
+	size   int
+}
+
+func (b *batch) Put(key, value []byte) error {
+	b.writes = append(b.writes, keyValue{copyBytes(key), copyBytes(value), false})
+	b.size += len(value)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (b *batch) Delete(key []byte) error {
+	b.writes = append(b.writes, keyValue{copyBytes(key), nil, true})
+	b.size++
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (b *batch) ValueSize() int { return b.size }
+
+func (b *batch) Write() error {
+	request := &proto.WriteBatchRequest{}
+
+	keySet := make(map[string]struct{}, len(b.writes))
+	for i := len(b.writes) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+		kv := b.writes[i]
+		key := string(kv.key)
+		if _, overwritten := keySet[key]; overwritten {
+			continue
+		}
+		keySet[key] = struct{}{}
+
+		if kv.delete {
+			request.Deletes = append(request.Deletes, &proto.DeleteRequest{
+				Key: kv.key,
+			})
+		} else {
+			request.Puts = append(request.Puts, &proto.PutRequest{
+				Key:   kv.key,
+				Value: kv.value,
+			})
+		}
+	}
+
+	_, err := b.db.client.WriteBatch(context.Background(), request)
+	return updateError(err)
+}
+
+func (b *batch) Reset() {
+	b.writes = b.writes[:0]
+	b.size = 0
+}
+
+func (b *batch) Replay(w database.KeyValueWriter) error {
+	for _, keyvalue := range b.writes {
+		if keyvalue.delete {
+			if err := w.Delete(keyvalue.key); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		} else if err := w.Put(keyvalue.key, keyvalue.value); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (b *batch) Inner() database.Batch { return b }
+
+type iterator struct {
+	db    *DatabaseClient
+	id    uint64
+	key   []byte
+	value []byte
+	err   error
+}
+
+// Next returns false
+func (it *iterator) Next() bool {
+	resp, err := it.db.client.IteratorNext(context.Background(), &proto.IteratorNextRequest{
+		Id: it.id,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		it.err = err
+		return false
+	}
+	it.key = resp.Key
+	it.value = resp.Value
+	return resp.FoundNext
+}
+
+// Error returns any errors
+func (it *iterator) Error() error {
+	if it.err != nil {
+		return it.err
+	}
+
+	_, err := it.db.client.IteratorError(context.Background(), &proto.IteratorErrorRequest{
+		Id: it.id,
+	})
+	it.err = updateError(err)
+	return it.err
+}
+
+// Key returns nil
+func (it *iterator) Key() []byte { return it.key }
+
+// Value returns nil
+func (it *iterator) Value() []byte { return it.value }
+
+// Release does nothing
+func (it *iterator) Release() {
+	it.db.client.IteratorRelease(context.Background(), &proto.IteratorReleaseRequest{
+		Id: it.id,
+	})
+}
+
+func copyBytes(bytes []byte) []byte {
+	copiedBytes := make([]byte, len(bytes))
+	copy(copiedBytes, bytes)
+	return copiedBytes
+}
+
+func updateError(err error) error {
+	if err == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	switch err.Error() {
+	case errClosed:
+		return database.ErrClosed
+	case errNotFound:
+		return database.ErrNotFound
+	default:
+		return err
+	}
+}

database/rpcdb/db_server.go

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+// (c) 2019-2020, Ava Labs, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package rpcdb
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+
+	"golang.org/x/net/context"
+
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database/rpcdb/proto"
+)
+
+var (
+	errUnknownIterator = errors.New("unknown iterator")
+)
+
+// DatabaseServer is a database that is managed over RPC.
+type DatabaseServer struct {
+	db    database.Database
+	batch database.Batch
+
+	nextIteratorID uint64
+	iterators      map[uint64]database.Iterator
+}
+
+// NewServer returns a database instance that is managed remotely
+func NewServer(db database.Database) *DatabaseServer {
+	return &DatabaseServer{
+		db:        db,
+		batch:     db.NewBatch(),
+		iterators: make(map[uint64]database.Iterator),
+	}
+}
+
+// Has ...
+func (db *DatabaseServer) Has(_ context.Context, req *proto.HasRequest) (*proto.HasResponse, error) {
+	has, err := db.db.Has(req.Key)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &proto.HasResponse{Has: has}, nil
+}
+
+// Get ...
+func (db *DatabaseServer) Get(_ context.Context, req *proto.GetRequest) (*proto.GetResponse, error) {
+	value, err := db.db.Get(req.Key)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &proto.GetResponse{Value: value}, nil
+}
+
+// Put ...
+func (db *DatabaseServer) Put(_ context.Context, req *proto.PutRequest) (*proto.PutResponse, error) {
+	return &proto.PutResponse{}, db.db.Put(req.Key, req.Value)
+}
+
+// Delete ...
+func (db *DatabaseServer) Delete(_ context.Context, req *proto.DeleteRequest) (*proto.DeleteResponse, error) {
+	return &proto.DeleteResponse{}, db.db.Delete(req.Key)
+}
+
+// Stat ...
+func (db *DatabaseServer) Stat(_ context.Context, req *proto.StatRequest) (*proto.StatResponse, error) {
+	stat, err := db.db.Stat(req.Property)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &proto.StatResponse{Stat: stat}, nil
+}
+
+// Compact ...
+func (db *DatabaseServer) Compact(_ context.Context, req *proto.CompactRequest) (*proto.CompactResponse, error) {
+	return &proto.CompactResponse{}, db.db.Compact(req.Start, req.Limit)
+}
+
+// Close ...
+func (db *DatabaseServer) Close(_ context.Context, _ *proto.CloseRequest) (*proto.CloseResponse, error) {
+	return &proto.CloseResponse{}, db.db.Close()
+}
+
+// WriteBatch ...
+func (db *DatabaseServer) WriteBatch(_ context.Context, req *proto.WriteBatchRequest) (*proto.WriteBatchResponse, error) {
+	db.batch.Reset()
+
+	for _, put := range req.Puts {
+		if err := db.batch.Put(put.Key, put.Value); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	for _, del := range req.Deletes {
+		if err := db.batch.Delete(del.Key); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return &proto.WriteBatchResponse{}, db.batch.Write()
+}
+
+// NewIteratorWithStartAndPrefix ...
+func (db *DatabaseServer) NewIteratorWithStartAndPrefix(_ context.Context, req *proto.NewIteratorWithStartAndPrefixRequest) (*proto.NewIteratorWithStartAndPrefixResponse, error) {
+	id := db.nextIteratorID
+	it := db.db.NewIteratorWithStartAndPrefix(req.Start, req.Prefix)
+	db.iterators[id] = it
+
+	db.nextIteratorID++
+	return &proto.NewIteratorWithStartAndPrefixResponse{Id: id}, nil
+}
+
+// IteratorNext ...
+func (db *DatabaseServer) IteratorNext(_ context.Context, req *proto.IteratorNextRequest) (*proto.IteratorNextResponse, error) {
+	it, exists := db.iterators[req.Id]
+	if !exists {
+		return nil, errUnknownIterator
+	}
+	return &proto.IteratorNextResponse{
+		FoundNext: it.Next(),
+		Key:       it.Key(),
+		Value:     it.Value(),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// IteratorError ...
+func (db *DatabaseServer) IteratorError(_ context.Context, req *proto.IteratorErrorRequest) (*proto.IteratorErrorResponse, error) {
+	it, exists := db.iterators[req.Id]
+	if !exists {
+		return nil, errUnknownIterator
+	}
+	return &proto.IteratorErrorResponse{}, it.Error()
+}
+
+// IteratorRelease ...
+func (db *DatabaseServer) IteratorRelease(_ context.Context, req *proto.IteratorReleaseRequest) (*proto.IteratorReleaseResponse, error) {
+	it, exists := db.iterators[req.Id]
+	if exists {
+		delete(db.iterators, req.Id)
+		it.Release()
+	}
+	return &proto.IteratorReleaseResponse{}, nil
+}

database/rpcdb/db_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+// (c) 2019-2020, Ava Labs, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package rpcdb
+
+import (
+	"log"
+	"net"
+	"testing"
+
+	"golang.org/x/net/context"
+
+	"google.golang.org/grpc"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/test/bufconn"
+
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database/memdb"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database/rpcdb/proto"
+)
+
+const (
+	bufSize = 1 << 20
+)
+
+func TestInterface(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, test := range database.Tests {
+		listener := bufconn.Listen(bufSize)
+		server := grpc.NewServer()
+		proto.RegisterDatabaseServer(server, NewServer(memdb.New()))
+		go func() {
+			if err := server.Serve(listener); err != nil {
+				log.Fatalf("Server exited with error: %v", err)
+			}
+		}()
+
+		dialer := grpc.WithContextDialer(
+			func(context.Context, string) (net.Conn, error) {
+				return listener.Dial()
+			})
+
+		ctx := context.Background()
+		conn, err := grpc.DialContext(ctx, "", dialer, grpc.WithInsecure())
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to dial: %s", err)
+		}
+
+		db := NewClient(proto.NewDatabaseClient(conn))
+		test(t, db)
+		conn.Close()
+	}
+}

database/rpcdb/proto/db.proto

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+syntax = "proto3";
+package proto;
+
+message HasRequest {
+    bytes key = 1;
+}
+
+message HasResponse {
+    bool has = 1;
+}
+
+message GetRequest {
+    bytes key = 1;
+}
+
+message GetResponse {
+    bytes value = 1;
+}
+
+message PutRequest {
+    bytes key = 1;
+    bytes value = 2;
+}
+
+message PutResponse {}
+
+message DeleteRequest {
+    bytes key = 1;
+}
+
+message DeleteResponse {}
+
+message StatRequest {
+    string property = 1;
+}
+
+message StatResponse {
+    string stat = 1;
+}
+
+message CompactRequest {
+    bytes start = 1;
+    bytes limit = 2;
+}
+
+message CompactResponse {}
+
+message CloseRequest {}
+
+message CloseResponse {}
+
+message WriteBatchRequest {
+    repeated PutRequest puts = 1;
+    repeated DeleteRequest deletes = 2;
+}
+
+message WriteBatchResponse {}
+
+message NewIteratorRequest {}
+
+message NewIteratorWithStartAndPrefixRequest {
+    bytes start = 1;
+    bytes prefix = 2;
+}
+
+message NewIteratorWithStartAndPrefixResponse {
+    uint64 id = 1;
+}
+
+message IteratorNextRequest {
+    uint64 id = 1;
+}
+
+message IteratorNextResponse {
+    bool foundNext = 1;
+    bytes key = 2;
+    bytes value = 3;
+}
+
+message IteratorErrorRequest {
+    uint64 id = 1;
+}
+
+message IteratorErrorResponse {}
+
+message IteratorReleaseRequest {
+    uint64 id = 1;
+}
+
+message IteratorReleaseResponse {}
+
+service Database {
+    rpc Has(HasRequest) returns (HasResponse);
+    rpc Get(GetRequest) returns (GetResponse);
+    rpc Put(PutRequest) returns (PutResponse);
+    rpc Delete(DeleteRequest) returns (DeleteResponse);
+    rpc Stat(StatRequest) returns (StatResponse);
+    rpc Compact(CompactRequest) returns (CompactResponse);
+    rpc Close(CloseRequest) returns (CloseResponse);
+
+    rpc WriteBatch(WriteBatchRequest) returns (WriteBatchResponse);
+
+    rpc NewIteratorWithStartAndPrefix(NewIteratorWithStartAndPrefixRequest) returns (NewIteratorWithStartAndPrefixResponse);
+
+    rpc IteratorNext(IteratorNextRequest) returns (IteratorNextResponse);
+    rpc IteratorError(IteratorErrorRequest) returns (IteratorErrorResponse);
+    rpc IteratorRelease(IteratorReleaseRequest) returns (IteratorReleaseResponse);
+}

database/test_database.go

@@ -16,7 +16,10 @@ var (
 		TestBatchPut,
 		TestBatchDelete,
 		TestBatchReset,
+		TestBatchReuse,
+		TestBatchRewrite,
 		TestBatchReplay,
+		TestBatchInner,
 		TestIterator,
 		TestIteratorStart,
 		TestIteratorPrefix,
@@ -235,6 +238,105 @@ func TestBatchReset(t *testing.T, db Database) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestBatchReuse ...
+func TestBatchReuse(t *testing.T, db Database) {
+	key1 := []byte("hello1")
+	value1 := []byte("world1")
+
+	key2 := []byte("hello2")
+	value2 := []byte("world2")
+
+	batch := db.NewBatch()
+	if batch == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("db.NewBatch returned nil")
+	}
+
+	if err := batch.Put(key1, value1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on batch.Put: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := batch.Write(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on batch.Write: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := db.Delete(key1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on database.Delete: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	if has, err := db.Has(key1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.Has: %s", err)
+	} else if has {
+		t.Fatalf("db.Has unexpectedly returned true on key %s", key1)
+	}
+
+	batch.Reset()
+
+	if err := batch.Put(key2, value2); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on batch.Put: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := batch.Write(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on batch.Write: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	if has, err := db.Has(key1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.Has: %s", err)
+	} else if has {
+		t.Fatalf("db.Has unexpectedly returned true on key %s", key1)
+	} else if has, err := db.Has(key2); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.Has: %s", err)
+	} else if !has {
+		t.Fatalf("db.Has unexpectedly returned false on key %s", key2)
+	} else if v, err := db.Get(key2); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.Get: %s", err)
+	} else if !bytes.Equal(value2, v) {
+		t.Fatalf("db.Get: Returned: 0x%x ; Expected: 0x%x", v, value2)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestBatchRewrite ...
+func TestBatchRewrite(t *testing.T, db Database) {
+	key := []byte("hello1")
+	value := []byte("world1")
+
+	batch := db.NewBatch()
+	if batch == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("db.NewBatch returned nil")
+	}
+
+	if err := batch.Put(key, value); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on batch.Put: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := batch.Write(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on batch.Write: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := db.Delete(key); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on database.Delete: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	if has, err := db.Has(key); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.Has: %s", err)
+	} else if has {
+		t.Fatalf("db.Has unexpectedly returned true on key %s", key)
+	}
+
+	if err := batch.Write(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on batch.Write: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	if has, err := db.Has(key); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.Has: %s", err)
+	} else if !has {
+		t.Fatalf("db.Has unexpectedly returned false on key %s", key)
+	} else if v, err := db.Get(key); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.Get: %s", err)
+	} else if !bytes.Equal(value, v) {
+		t.Fatalf("db.Get: Returned: 0x%x ; Expected: 0x%x", v, value)
+	}
+}
+
 // TestBatchReplay ...
 func TestBatchReplay(t *testing.T, db Database) {
 	key1 := []byte("hello1")
@@ -299,6 +401,62 @@ func TestBatchReplay(t *testing.T, db Database) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestBatchInner ...
+func TestBatchInner(t *testing.T, db Database) {
+	key1 := []byte("hello1")
+	value1 := []byte("world1")
+
+	key2 := []byte("hello2")
+	value2 := []byte("world2")
+
+	firstBatch := db.NewBatch()
+	if firstBatch == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("db.NewBatch returned nil")
+	}
+
+	if err := firstBatch.Put(key1, value1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on batch.Put: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	secondBatch := db.NewBatch()
+	if secondBatch == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("db.NewBatch returned nil")
+	}
+
+	if err := secondBatch.Put(key2, value2); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on batch.Put: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	innerFirstBatch := firstBatch.Inner()
+	innerSecondBatch := secondBatch.Inner()
+
+	if err := innerFirstBatch.Replay(innerSecondBatch); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on batch.Replay: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := innerSecondBatch.Write(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on batch.Write: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	if has, err := db.Has(key1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.Has: %s", err)
+	} else if !has {
+		t.Fatalf("db.Has unexpectedly returned false on key %s", key1)
+	} else if v, err := db.Get(key1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.Get: %s", err)
+	} else if !bytes.Equal(value1, v) {
+		t.Fatalf("db.Get: Returned: 0x%x ; Expected: 0x%x", v, value1)
+	} else if has, err := db.Has(key2); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.Has: %s", err)
+	} else if !has {
+		t.Fatalf("db.Has unexpectedly returned false on key %s", key2)
+	} else if v, err := db.Get(key2); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.Get: %s", err)
+	} else if !bytes.Equal(value2, v) {
+		t.Fatalf("db.Get: Returned: 0x%x ; Expected: 0x%x", v, value2)
+	}
+}
+
 // TestIterator ...
 func TestIterator(t *testing.T, db Database) {
 	key1 := []byte("hello1")

database/versiondb/db.go

@@ -184,29 +184,55 @@ func (db *Database) Commit() error {
 	db.lock.Lock()
 	defer db.lock.Unlock()
 
-	if db.mem == nil {
-		return database.ErrClosed
+	batch, err := db.commitBatch()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
-	if len(db.mem) == 0 {
-		return nil
+	if err := batch.Write(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	db.abort()
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Abort all changes to the underlying database
+func (db *Database) Abort() {
+	db.lock.Lock()
+	defer db.lock.Unlock()
+
+	db.abort()
+}
+
+func (db *Database) abort() { db.mem = make(map[string]valueDelete, memdb.DefaultSize) }
+
+// CommitBatch returns a batch that will commit all pending writes to the underlying database
+func (db *Database) CommitBatch() (database.Batch, error) {
+	db.lock.Lock()
+	defer db.lock.Unlock()
+
+	return db.commitBatch()
+}
+
+func (db *Database) commitBatch() (database.Batch, error) {
+	if db.mem == nil {
+		return nil, database.ErrClosed
 	}
 
 	batch := db.db.NewBatch()
 	for key, value := range db.mem {
 		if value.delete {
 			if err := batch.Delete([]byte(key)); err != nil {
-				return err
+				return nil, err
 			}
 		} else if err := batch.Put([]byte(key), value.value); err != nil {
-			return err
+			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
 	if err := batch.Write(); err != nil {
-		return err
+		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	db.mem = make(map[string]valueDelete, memdb.DefaultSize)
-	return nil
+	return batch, nil
 }
 
 // Close implements the database.Database interface
@@ -289,6 +315,9 @@ func (b *batch) Replay(w database.KeyValueWriter) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// Inner returns itself
+func (b *batch) Inner() database.Batch { return b }
+
 // iterator walks over both the in memory database and the underlying database
 // at the same time.
 type iterator struct {

database/versiondb/db_test.go

@@ -256,6 +256,72 @@ func TestCommitClosedDelete(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestAbort(t *testing.T) {
+	baseDB := memdb.New()
+	db := New(baseDB)
+
+	key1 := []byte("hello1")
+	value1 := []byte("world1")
+
+	if err := db.Put(key1, value1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.Put: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	if value, err := db.Get(key1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.Get: %s", err)
+	} else if !bytes.Equal(value, value1) {
+		t.Fatalf("db.Get Returned: 0x%x ; Expected: 0x%x", value, value1)
+	} else if has, err := baseDB.Has(key1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.Has: %s", err)
+	} else if has {
+		t.Fatalf("db.Has Returned: %v ; Expected: %v", has, false)
+	}
+
+	db.Abort()
+
+	if has, err := db.Has(key1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.Has: %s", err)
+	} else if has {
+		t.Fatalf("db.Has Returned: %v ; Expected: %v", has, false)
+	} else if has, err := baseDB.Has(key1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.Has: %s", err)
+	} else if has {
+		t.Fatalf("db.Has Returned: %v ; Expected: %v", has, false)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCommitBatch(t *testing.T) {
+	baseDB := memdb.New()
+	db := New(baseDB)
+
+	key1 := []byte("hello1")
+	value1 := []byte("world1")
+
+	if err := db.Put(key1, value1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.Put: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	batch, err := db.CommitBatch()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.CommitBatch: %s", err)
+	}
+	db.Abort()
+
+	if err := batch.Write(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on batch.Write: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	if value, err := db.Get(key1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.Get: %s", err)
+	} else if !bytes.Equal(value, value1) {
+		t.Fatalf("db.Get Returned: 0x%x ; Expected: 0x%x", value, value1)
+	} else if value, err := baseDB.Get(key1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error on db.Get: %s", err)
+	} else if !bytes.Equal(value, value1) {
+		t.Fatalf("db.Get Returned: 0x%x ; Expected: 0x%x", value, value1)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestSetDatabase(t *testing.T) {
 	baseDB := memdb.New()
 	newDB := memdb.New()

genesis/aliases.go

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+// (c) 2019-2020, Ava Labs, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package genesis
+
+import (
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/ids"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/avm"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/nftfx"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/platformvm"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/propertyfx"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/secp256k1fx"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/spchainvm"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/spdagvm"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/timestampvm"
+)
+
+// Aliases returns the default aliases based on the network ID
+func Aliases(networkID uint32) (map[string][]string, map[[32]byte][]string, map[[32]byte][]string, error) {
+	generalAliases := map[string][]string{
+		"vm/" + platformvm.ID.String():  []string{"vm/platform"},
+		"vm/" + avm.ID.String():         []string{"vm/avm"},
+		"vm/" + EVMID.String():          []string{"vm/evm"},
+		"vm/" + spdagvm.ID.String():     []string{"vm/spdag"},
+		"vm/" + spchainvm.ID.String():   []string{"vm/spchain"},
+		"vm/" + timestampvm.ID.String(): []string{"vm/timestamp"},
+		"bc/" + ids.Empty.String():      []string{"P", "platform", "bc/P", "bc/platform"},
+	}
+	chainAliases := map[[32]byte][]string{
+		ids.Empty.Key(): []string{"P", "platform"},
+	}
+	vmAliases := map[[32]byte][]string{
+		platformvm.ID.Key():  []string{"platform"},
+		avm.ID.Key():         []string{"avm"},
+		EVMID.Key():          []string{"evm"},
+		spdagvm.ID.Key():     []string{"spdag"},
+		spchainvm.ID.Key():   []string{"spchain"},
+		timestampvm.ID.Key(): []string{"timestamp"},
+		secp256k1fx.ID.Key(): []string{"secp256k1fx"},
+		nftfx.ID.Key():       []string{"nftfx"},
+		propertyfx.ID.Key():  []string{"propertyfx"},
+	}
+
+	genesisBytes, err := Genesis(networkID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, nil, err
+	}
+
+	genesis := &platformvm.Genesis{} // TODO let's not re-create genesis to do aliasing
+	if err := platformvm.Codec.Unmarshal(genesisBytes, genesis); err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, nil, err
+	}
+	if err := genesis.Initialize(); err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, nil, err
+	}
+
+	for _, chain := range genesis.Chains {
+		switch {
+		case avm.ID.Equals(chain.VMID):
+			generalAliases["bc/"+chain.ID().String()] = []string{"X", "avm", "bc/X", "bc/avm"}
+			chainAliases[chain.ID().Key()] = []string{"X", "avm"}
+		case EVMID.Equals(chain.VMID):
+			generalAliases["bc/"+chain.ID().String()] = []string{"C", "evm", "bc/C", "bc/evm"}
+			chainAliases[chain.ID().Key()] = []string{"C", "evm"}
+		case spdagvm.ID.Equals(chain.VMID):
+			generalAliases["bc/"+chain.ID().String()] = []string{"bc/spdag"}
+			chainAliases[chain.ID().Key()] = []string{"spdag"}
+		case spchainvm.ID.Equals(chain.VMID):
+			generalAliases["bc/"+chain.ID().String()] = []string{"bc/spchain"}
+			chainAliases[chain.ID().Key()] = []string{"spchain"}
+		case timestampvm.ID.Equals(chain.VMID):
+			generalAliases["bc/"+chain.ID().String()] = []string{"bc/timestamp"}
+			chainAliases[chain.ID().Key()] = []string{"timestamp"}
+		}
+	}
+	return generalAliases, chainAliases, vmAliases, nil
+}

genesis/config.go

@@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
+// (c) 2019-2020, Ava Labs, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package genesis
+
+import (
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/ids"
+)
+
+// Note that since an AVA network has exactly one Platform Chain,
+// and the Platform Chain defines the genesis state of the network
+// (who is staking, which chains exist, etc.), defining the genesis
+// state of the Platform Chain is the same as defining the genesis
+// state of the network.
+
+// Config contains the genesis addresses used to construct a genesis
+type Config struct {
+	MintAddresses, FundedAddresses, StakerIDs                   []string
+	ParsedMintAddresses, ParsedFundedAddresses, ParsedStakerIDs []ids.ShortID
+	EVMBytes                                                    []byte
+}
+
+func (c *Config) init() error {
+	c.ParsedMintAddresses = nil
+	for _, addrStr := range c.MintAddresses {
+		addr, err := ids.ShortFromString(addrStr)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		c.ParsedMintAddresses = append(c.ParsedMintAddresses, addr)
+	}
+	c.ParsedFundedAddresses = nil
+	for _, addrStr := range c.FundedAddresses {
+		addr, err := ids.ShortFromString(addrStr)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		c.ParsedFundedAddresses = append(c.ParsedFundedAddresses, addr)
+	}
+	c.ParsedStakerIDs = nil
+	for _, addrStr := range c.StakerIDs {
+		addr, err := ids.ShortFromString(addrStr)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		c.ParsedStakerIDs = append(c.ParsedStakerIDs, addr)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Hard coded genesis constants
+var (
+	CascadeConfig = Config{
+		MintAddresses: []string{
+			"95YUFjhDG892VePMzpwKF9JzewGKvGRi3",
+		},
+		FundedAddresses: []string{
+			"9uKvvA7E35QCwLvAaohXTCfFejbf3Rv17",
+			"JLrYNMYXANGj43BfWXBxMMAEenUBp1Sbn",
+			"7TUTzwrU6nbZtWHjTHEpdneUvjKBxb3EM",
+			"77mPUXBdQKwQpPoX6rckCZGLGGdkuG1G6",
+			"4gGWdFZ4Gax1B466YKXyKRRpWLb42Afdt",
+			"CKTkzAPsRxCreyiDTnjGxLmjMarxF28fi",
+			"4ABm9gFHVtsNdcKSd1xsacFkGneSgzpaa",
+			"DpL8PTsrjtLzv5J8LL3D2A6YcnCTqrNH9",
+			"ZdhZv6oZrmXLyFDy6ovXAu6VxmbTsT2h",
+			"6cesTteH62Y5mLoDBUASaBvCXuL2AthL",
+		},
+		StakerIDs: []string{
+			"NX4zVkuiRJZYe6Nzzav7GXN3TakUet3Co",
+			"CMsa8cMw4eib1Hb8GG4xiUKAq5eE1BwUX",
+			"DsMP6jLhi1MkDVc3qx9xx9AAZWx8e87Jd",
+			"N86eodVZja3GEyZJTo3DFUPGpxEEvjGHs",
+			"EkKeGSLUbHrrtuayBtbwgWDRUiAziC3ao",
+		},
+		EVMBytes: []byte{
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+			0x67, 0x61, 0x73, 0x55, 0x73, 0x65, 0x64, 0x22,
+			0x3a, 0x22, 0x30, 0x78, 0x30, 0x22, 0x2c, 0x22,
+			0x70, 0x61, 0x72, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x48, 0x61,
+			0x73, 0x68, 0x22, 0x3a, 0x22, 0x30, 0x78, 0x30,
+			0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30,
+			0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30,
+			0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30,
+			0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30,
+			0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30,
+			0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30,
+			0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30,
+			0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x22,
+			0x7d,
+		},
+	}
+	DefaultConfig = Config{
+		MintAddresses: []string{},
+		FundedAddresses: []string{
+			// Private key: ewoqjP7PxY4yr3iLTpLisriqt94hdyDFNgchSxGGztUrTXtNN
+			"6Y3kysjF9jnHnYkdS9yGAuoHyae2eNmeV",
+		},
+		StakerIDs: []string{
+			"7Xhw2mDxuDS44j42TCB6U5579esbSt3Lg",
+			"MFrZFVCXPv5iCn6M9K6XduxGTYp891xXZ",
+			"NFBbbJ4qCmNaCzeW7sxErhvWqvEQMnYcN",
+			"GWPcbFJZFfZreETSoWjPimr846mXEKCtu",
+			"P7oB2McjBGgW2NXXWVYjV8JEDFoW9xDE5",
+		},
+		EVMBytes: []byte{
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+			0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30,
+			0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30,
+			0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30,
+			0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30,
+			0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30,
+			0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30,
+			0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30,
+			0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x22,
+			0x7d,
+		},
+	}
+)
+
+// GetConfig ...
+func GetConfig(networkID uint32) *Config {
+	switch networkID {
+	case CascadeID:
+		return &CascadeConfig
+	default:
+		return &DefaultConfig
+	}
+}

genesis/genesis.go

@@ -3,511 +3,270 @@
 
 package genesis
 
-// TODO: Move this to a separate repo and leave only a byte array
-
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"math"
-	"regexp"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/ids"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils/formatting"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils/json"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils/units"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils/wrappers"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/avm"
-	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/evm"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/components/codec"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/nftfx"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/platformvm"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/propertyfx"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/secp256k1fx"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/spchainvm"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/spdagvm"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/timestampvm"
 )
 
-// Note that since an AVA network has exactly one Platform Chain,
-// and the Platform Chain defines the genesis state of the network
-// (who is staking, which chains exist, etc.), defining the genesis
-// state of the Platform Chain is the same as defining the genesis
-// state of the network.
-
-// Hardcoded network IDs
-const (
-	MainnetID  uint32 = 1
-	TestnetID  uint32 = 2
-	BorealisID uint32 = 2
-	LocalID    uint32 = 12345
-
-	MainnetName  = "mainnet"
-	TestnetName  = "testnet"
-	BorealisName = "borealis"
-	LocalName    = "local"
-)
-
+// ID of the EVM VM
 var (
-	validNetworkName = regexp.MustCompile(`network-[0-9]+`)
+	EVMID = ids.NewID([32]byte{'e', 'v', 'm'})
 )
 
-// Hard coded genesis constants
-var (
-	// Give special names to the mainnet and testnet
-	NetworkIDToNetworkName = map[uint32]string{
-		MainnetID: MainnetName,
-		TestnetID: BorealisName,
-		LocalID:   LocalName,
-	}
-	NetworkNameToNetworkID = map[string]uint32{
-		MainnetName:  MainnetID,
-		TestnetName:  TestnetID,
-		BorealisName: BorealisID,
-		LocalName:    LocalID,
-	}
-	Keys = []string{
-		"ewoqjP7PxY4yr3iLTpLisriqt94hdyDFNgchSxGGztUrTXtNN",
-	}
-	Addresses = []string{
-		"6Y3kysjF9jnHnYkdS9yGAuoHyae2eNmeV",
-	}
-	ParsedAddresses = []ids.ShortID{}
-	StakerIDs       = []string{
-		"7Xhw2mDxuDS44j42TCB6U5579esbSt3Lg",
-		"MFrZFVCXPv5iCn6M9K6XduxGTYp891xXZ",
-		"NFBbbJ4qCmNaCzeW7sxErhvWqvEQMnYcN",
-		"GWPcbFJZFfZreETSoWjPimr846mXEKCtu",
-		"P7oB2McjBGgW2NXXWVYjV8JEDFoW9xDE5",
-	}
-	ParsedStakerIDs = []ids.ShortID{}
-)
-
-func init() {
-	for _, addrStr := range Addresses {
-		addr, err := ids.ShortFromString(addrStr)
-		if err != nil {
-			panic(err)
-		}
-		ParsedAddresses = append(ParsedAddresses, addr)
-	}
-	for _, stakerIDStr := range StakerIDs {
-		stakerID, err := ids.ShortFromString(stakerIDStr)
-		if err != nil {
-			panic(err)
-		}
-		ParsedStakerIDs = append(ParsedStakerIDs, stakerID)
-	}
-}
-
-// NetworkName returns a human readable name for the network with
-// ID [networkID]
-func NetworkName(networkID uint32) string {
-	if name, exists := NetworkIDToNetworkName[networkID]; exists {
-		return name
-	}
-	return fmt.Sprintf("network-%d", networkID)
-}
-
-// NetworkID returns the ID of the network with name [networkName]
-func NetworkID(networkName string) (uint32, error) {
-	networkName = strings.ToLower(networkName)
-	if id, exists := NetworkNameToNetworkID[networkName]; exists {
-		return id, nil
-	}
-
-	if id, err := strconv.ParseUint(networkName, 10, 0); err == nil {
-		if id > math.MaxUint32 {
-			return 0, fmt.Errorf("NetworkID %s not in [0, 2^32)", networkName)
-		}
-		return uint32(id), nil
-	}
-	if validNetworkName.MatchString(networkName) {
-		if id, err := strconv.Atoi(networkName[8:]); err == nil {
-			if id > math.MaxUint32 {
-				return 0, fmt.Errorf("NetworkID %s not in [0, 2^32)", networkName)
-			}
-			return uint32(id), nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	return 0, fmt.Errorf("Failed to parse %s as a network name", networkName)
-}
-
-// Aliases returns the default aliases based on the network ID
-func Aliases(networkID uint32) (generalAliases map[string][]string, chainAliases map[[32]byte][]string, vmAliases map[[32]byte][]string) {
-	generalAliases = map[string][]string{
-		"vm/" + platformvm.ID.String():  []string{"vm/platform"},
-		"vm/" + avm.ID.String():         []string{"vm/avm"},
-		"vm/" + evm.ID.String():         []string{"vm/evm"},
-		"vm/" + spdagvm.ID.String():     []string{"vm/spdag"},
-		"vm/" + spchainvm.ID.String():   []string{"vm/spchain"},
-		"vm/" + timestampvm.ID.String(): []string{"vm/timestamp"},
-		"bc/" + ids.Empty.String():      []string{"P", "platform", "bc/P", "bc/platform"},
-	}
-	chainAliases = map[[32]byte][]string{
-		ids.Empty.Key(): []string{"P", "platform"},
-	}
-	vmAliases = map[[32]byte][]string{
-		platformvm.ID.Key():  []string{"platform"},
-		avm.ID.Key():         []string{"avm"},
-		evm.ID.Key():         []string{"evm"},
-		spdagvm.ID.Key():     []string{"spdag"},
-		spchainvm.ID.Key():   []string{"spchain"},
-		timestampvm.ID.Key(): []string{"timestamp"},
-	}
-
-	genesisBytes := Genesis(networkID)
-	genesis := &platformvm.Genesis{}                  // TODO let's not re-create genesis to do aliasing
-	platformvm.Codec.Unmarshal(genesisBytes, genesis) // TODO check for error
-	genesis.Initialize()
-
-	for _, chain := range genesis.Chains {
-		switch {
-		case avm.ID.Equals(chain.VMID):
-			generalAliases["bc/"+chain.ID().String()] = []string{"X", "avm", "bc/X", "bc/avm"}
-			chainAliases[chain.ID().Key()] = []string{"X", "avm"}
-		case evm.ID.Equals(chain.VMID):
-			generalAliases["bc/"+chain.ID().String()] = []string{"C", "evm", "bc/C", "bc/evm"}
-			chainAliases[chain.ID().Key()] = []string{"C", "evm"}
-		case spdagvm.ID.Equals(chain.VMID):
-			generalAliases["bc/"+chain.ID().String()] = []string{"bc/spdag"}
-			chainAliases[chain.ID().Key()] = []string{"spdag"}
-		case spchainvm.ID.Equals(chain.VMID):
-			generalAliases["bc/"+chain.ID().String()] = []string{"bc/spchain"}
-			chainAliases[chain.ID().Key()] = []string{"spchain"}
-		case timestampvm.ID.Equals(chain.VMID):
-			generalAliases["bc/"+chain.ID().String()] = []string{"bc/timestamp"}
-			chainAliases[chain.ID().Key()] = []string{"timestamp"}
-		}
-	}
-	return
-}
-
 // Genesis returns the genesis data of the Platform Chain.
-// Since the Platform Chain causes the creation of all other
-// chains, this function returns the genesis data of the entire network.
+// Since an AVA network has exactly one Platform Chain, and the Platform Chain
+// defines the genesis state of the network (who is staking, which chains exist,
+// etc.), defining the genesis state of the Platform Chain is the same as
+// defining the genesis state of the network.
 // The ID of the new network is [networkID].
-func Genesis(networkID uint32) []byte {
-	if networkID != LocalID {
-		panic("unknown network ID provided")
+
+// FromConfig ...
+func FromConfig(networkID uint32, config *Config) ([]byte, error) {
+	if err := config.init(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	return []byte{
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-}
+	// Specify the genesis state of the AVM
+	avmArgs := avm.BuildGenesisArgs{}
+	{
+		ava := avm.AssetDefinition{
+			Name:         "AVA",
+			Symbol:       "AVA",
+			Denomination: 9,
+			InitialState: map[string][]interface{}{},
+		}
 
-// VMGenesis ...
-func VMGenesis(networkID uint32, vmID ids.ID) *platformvm.CreateChainTx {
-	genesisBytes := Genesis(networkID)
-	genesis := platformvm.Genesis{}
-	platformvm.Codec.Unmarshal(genesisBytes, &genesis)
-	for _, chain := range genesis.Chains {
-		if chain.VMID.Equals(vmID) {
-			return chain
+		if len(config.MintAddresses) > 0 {
+			ava.InitialState["variableCap"] = []interface{}{avm.Owners{
+				Threshold: 1,
+				Minters:   config.MintAddresses,
+			}}
+		}
+		for _, addr := range config.FundedAddresses {
+			ava.InitialState["fixedCap"] = append(ava.InitialState["fixedCap"], avm.Holder{
+				Amount:  json.Uint64(45 * units.MegaAva),
+				Address: addr,
+			})
+		}
+
+		avmArgs.GenesisData = map[string]avm.AssetDefinition{
+			// The AVM starts out with one asset, $AVA
+			"AVA": ava,
 		}
 	}
-	return nil
+	avmReply := avm.BuildGenesisReply{}
+
+	avmSS := avm.StaticService{}
+	err := avmSS.BuildGenesis(nil, &avmArgs, &avmReply)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// Specify the genesis state of the simple payments DAG
+	spdagvmArgs := spdagvm.BuildGenesisArgs{}
+	for _, addr := range config.ParsedFundedAddresses {
+		spdagvmArgs.Outputs = append(spdagvmArgs.Outputs,
+			spdagvm.APIOutput{
+				Amount:    json.Uint64(20 * units.KiloAva),
+				Threshold: 1,
+				Addresses: []ids.ShortID{addr},
+			},
+		)
+	}
+
+	spdagvmReply := spdagvm.BuildGenesisReply{}
+	spdagvmSS := spdagvm.StaticService{}
+	if err := spdagvmSS.BuildGenesis(nil, &spdagvmArgs, &spdagvmReply); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("problem creating simple payments DAG: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Specify the genesis state of the simple payments chain
+	spchainvmArgs := spchainvm.BuildGenesisArgs{}
+	for _, addr := range config.ParsedFundedAddresses {
+		spchainvmArgs.Accounts = append(spchainvmArgs.Accounts,
+			spchainvm.APIAccount{
+				Address: addr,
+				Balance: json.Uint64(20 * units.KiloAva),
+			},
+		)
+	}
+	spchainvmReply := spchainvm.BuildGenesisReply{}
+
+	spchainvmSS := spchainvm.StaticService{}
+	if err := spchainvmSS.BuildGenesis(nil, &spchainvmArgs, &spchainvmReply); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("problem creating simple payments chain: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Specify the initial state of the Platform Chain
+	platformvmArgs := platformvm.BuildGenesisArgs{
+		NetworkID: json.Uint32(networkID),
+	}
+	for _, addr := range config.ParsedFundedAddresses {
+		platformvmArgs.Accounts = append(platformvmArgs.Accounts,
+			platformvm.APIAccount{
+				Address: addr,
+				Balance: json.Uint64(20 * units.KiloAva),
+			},
+		)
+	}
+
+	genesisTime := time.Date(
+		/*year=*/ 2019,
+		/*month=*/ time.November,
+		/*day=*/ 1,
+		/*hour=*/ 0,
+		/*minute=*/ 0,
+		/*second=*/ 0,
+		/*nano-second=*/ 0,
+		/*location=*/ time.UTC,
+	)
+	stakingDuration := 365 * 24 * time.Hour // ~ 1 year
+	endStakingTime := genesisTime.Add(stakingDuration)
+
+	for i, validatorID := range config.ParsedStakerIDs {
+		weight := json.Uint64(20 * units.KiloAva)
+		platformvmArgs.Validators = append(platformvmArgs.Validators,
+			platformvm.APIDefaultSubnetValidator{
+				APIValidator: platformvm.APIValidator{
+					StartTime: json.Uint64(genesisTime.Unix()),
+					EndTime:   json.Uint64(endStakingTime.Unix()),
+					Weight:    &weight,
+					ID:        validatorID,
+				},
+				Destination: config.ParsedFundedAddresses[i%len(config.ParsedFundedAddresses)],
+			},
+		)
+	}
+
+	// Specify the chains that exist upon this network's creation
+	platformvmArgs.Chains = []platformvm.APIChain{
+		platformvm.APIChain{
+			GenesisData: avmReply.Bytes,
+			SubnetID:    platformvm.DefaultSubnetID,
+			VMID:        avm.ID,
+			FxIDs: []ids.ID{
+				secp256k1fx.ID,
+				nftfx.ID,
+				propertyfx.ID,
+			},
+			Name: "X-Chain",
+		},
+		platformvm.APIChain{
+			GenesisData: formatting.CB58{Bytes: config.EVMBytes},
+			SubnetID:    platformvm.DefaultSubnetID,
+			VMID:        EVMID,
+			Name:        "C-Chain",
+		},
+		platformvm.APIChain{
+			GenesisData: spdagvmReply.Bytes,
+			SubnetID:    platformvm.DefaultSubnetID,
+			VMID:        spdagvm.ID,
+			Name:        "Simple DAG Payments",
+		},
+		platformvm.APIChain{
+			GenesisData: spchainvmReply.Bytes,
+			SubnetID:    platformvm.DefaultSubnetID,
+			VMID:        spchainvm.ID,
+			Name:        "Simple Chain Payments",
+		},
+		platformvm.APIChain{
+			GenesisData: formatting.CB58{Bytes: []byte{}}, // There is no genesis data
+			SubnetID:    platformvm.DefaultSubnetID,
+			VMID:        timestampvm.ID,
+			Name:        "Simple Timestamp Server",
+		},
+	}
+
+	platformvmArgs.Time = json.Uint64(genesisTime.Unix())
+	platformvmReply := platformvm.BuildGenesisReply{}
+
+	platformvmSS := platformvm.StaticService{}
+	if err := platformvmSS.BuildGenesis(nil, &platformvmArgs, &platformvmReply); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("problem while building platform chain's genesis state: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return platformvmReply.Bytes.Bytes, nil
+}
+
+// Genesis ...
+func Genesis(networkID uint32) ([]byte, error) { return FromConfig(networkID, GetConfig(networkID)) }
+
+// VMGenesis ...
+func VMGenesis(networkID uint32, vmID ids.ID) (*platformvm.CreateChainTx, error) {
+	genesisBytes, err := Genesis(networkID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	genesis := platformvm.Genesis{}
+	platformvm.Codec.Unmarshal(genesisBytes, &genesis)
+	if err := genesis.Initialize(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	for _, chain := range genesis.Chains {
+		if chain.VMID.Equals(vmID) {
+			return chain, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("couldn't find subnet with VM ID %s", vmID)
+}
+
+// AVAAssetID ...
+func AVAAssetID(networkID uint32) (ids.ID, error) {
+	createAVM, err := VMGenesis(networkID, avm.ID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return ids.ID{}, err
+	}
+
+	c := codec.NewDefault()
+	errs := wrappers.Errs{}
+	errs.Add(
+		c.RegisterType(&avm.BaseTx{}),
+		c.RegisterType(&avm.CreateAssetTx{}),
+		c.RegisterType(&avm.OperationTx{}),
+		c.RegisterType(&avm.ImportTx{}),
+		c.RegisterType(&avm.ExportTx{}),
+		c.RegisterType(&secp256k1fx.TransferInput{}),
+		c.RegisterType(&secp256k1fx.MintOutput{}),
+		c.RegisterType(&secp256k1fx.TransferOutput{}),
+		c.RegisterType(&secp256k1fx.MintOperation{}),
+		c.RegisterType(&secp256k1fx.Credential{}),
+	)
+	if errs.Errored() {
+		return ids.ID{}, errs.Err
+	}
+
+	genesis := avm.Genesis{}
+	if err := c.Unmarshal(createAVM.GenesisData, &genesis); err != nil {
+		return ids.ID{}, err
+	}
+
+	if len(genesis.Txs) == 0 {
+		return ids.ID{}, errors.New("genesis creates no transactions")
+	}
+	genesisTx := genesis.Txs[0]
+
+	tx := avm.Tx{UnsignedTx: &genesisTx.CreateAssetTx}
+	txBytes, err := c.Marshal(&tx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return ids.ID{}, err
+	}
+	tx.Initialize(txBytes)
+
+	return tx.ID(), nil
 }

genesis/genesis_test.go

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ package genesis
 import (
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/ids"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/avm"
-	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/evm"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/platformvm"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/spchainvm"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/vms/spdagvm"
@@ -17,11 +17,11 @@ func TestNetworkName(t *testing.T) {
 	if name := NetworkName(MainnetID); name != MainnetName {
 		t.Fatalf("NetworkID was incorrectly named. Result: %s ; Expected: %s", name, MainnetName)
 	}
-	if name := NetworkName(TestnetID); name != BorealisName {
-		t.Fatalf("NetworkID was incorrectly named. Result: %s ; Expected: %s", name, BorealisName)
+	if name := NetworkName(TestnetID); name != CascadeName {
+		t.Fatalf("NetworkID was incorrectly named. Result: %s ; Expected: %s", name, CascadeName)
 	}
-	if name := NetworkName(BorealisID); name != BorealisName {
-		t.Fatalf("NetworkID was incorrectly named. Result: %s ; Expected: %s", name, BorealisName)
+	if name := NetworkName(CascadeID); name != CascadeName {
+		t.Fatalf("NetworkID was incorrectly named. Result: %s ; Expected: %s", name, CascadeName)
 	}
 	if name := NetworkName(4294967295); name != "network-4294967295" {
 		t.Fatalf("NetworkID was incorrectly named. Result: %s ; Expected: %s", name, "network-4294967295")
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ func TestNetworkID(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("Returned wrong network. Expected: %d ; Returned %d", TestnetID, id)
 	}
 
-	id, err = NetworkID(BorealisName)
+	id, err = NetworkID(CascadeName)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ func TestNetworkID(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("Returned wrong network. Expected: %d ; Returned %d", TestnetID, id)
 	}
 
-	id, err = NetworkID("bOrEaLiS")
+	id, err = NetworkID("cAsCaDe")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -91,12 +91,12 @@ func TestNetworkID(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestAliases(t *testing.T) {
-	generalAliases, _, _ := Aliases(LocalID)
+	generalAliases, _, _, _ := Aliases(LocalID)
 	if _, exists := generalAliases["vm/"+platformvm.ID.String()]; !exists {
 		t.Fatalf("Should have a custom alias from the vm")
 	} else if _, exists := generalAliases["vm/"+avm.ID.String()]; !exists {
 		t.Fatalf("Should have a custom alias from the vm")
-	} else if _, exists := generalAliases["vm/"+evm.ID.String()]; !exists {
+	} else if _, exists := generalAliases["vm/"+EVMID.String()]; !exists {
 		t.Fatalf("Should have a custom alias from the vm")
 	} else if _, exists := generalAliases["vm/"+spdagvm.ID.String()]; !exists {
 		t.Fatalf("Should have a custom alias from the vm")
@@ -106,9 +106,84 @@ func TestAliases(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestGenesis(t *testing.T) {
-	genesisBytes := Genesis(LocalID)
+	genesisBytes, err := Genesis(LocalID)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
 	genesis := platformvm.Genesis{}
 	if err := platformvm.Codec.Unmarshal(genesisBytes, &genesis); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestVMGenesis(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		networkID  uint32
+		vmID       ids.ID
+		expectedID string
+	}{
+		{
+			networkID:  CascadeID,
+			vmID:       avm.ID,
+			expectedID: "4ktRjsAKxgMr2aEzv9SWmrU7Xk5FniHUrVCX4P1TZSfTLZWFM",
+		},
+		{
+			networkID:  LocalID,
+			vmID:       avm.ID,
+			expectedID: "4R5p2RXDGLqaifZE4hHWH9owe34pfoBULn1DrQTWivjg8o4aH",
+		},
+		{
+			networkID:  CascadeID,
+			vmID:       EVMID,
+			expectedID: "2mUYSXfLrDtigwbzj1LxKVsHwELghc5sisoXrzJwLqAAQHF4i",
+		},
+		{
+			networkID:  LocalID,
+			vmID:       EVMID,
+			expectedID: "tZGm6RCkeGpVETUTp11DW3UYFZmm69zfqxchpHrSF7wgy8rmw",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		genesisTx, err := VMGenesis(test.networkID, test.vmID)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if result := genesisTx.ID().String(); test.expectedID != result {
+			t.Fatalf("%s genesisID with networkID %d was expected to be %s but was %s",
+				test.vmID,
+				test.networkID,
+				test.expectedID,
+				result)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAVAAssetID(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		networkID  uint32
+		expectedID string
+	}{
+		{
+			networkID:  CascadeID,
+			expectedID: "21d7KVtPrubc5fHr6CGNcgbUb4seUjmZKr35ZX7BZb5iP8pXWA",
+		},
+		{
+			networkID:  LocalID,
+			expectedID: "n8XH5JY1EX5VYqDeAhB4Zd4GKxi9UNQy6oPpMsCAj1Q6xkiiL",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		avaID, err := AVAAssetID(test.networkID)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if result := avaID.String(); test.expectedID != result {
+			t.Fatalf("AVA assetID with networkID %d was expected to be %s but was %s",
+				test.networkID,
+				test.expectedID,
+				result)
+		}
+	}
+}

genesis/network_id.go

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+// (c) 2019-2020, Ava Labs, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package genesis
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"regexp"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// Hardcoded network IDs
+var (
+	MainnetID uint32 = 1
+	TestnetID uint32 = 2
+	CascadeID uint32 = 2
+	LocalID   uint32 = 12345
+
+	MainnetName = "mainnet"
+	TestnetName = "testnet"
+	CascadeName = "cascade"
+	LocalName   = "local"
+
+	NetworkIDToNetworkName = map[uint32]string{
+		MainnetID: MainnetName,
+		TestnetID: CascadeName,
+		LocalID:   LocalName,
+	}
+	NetworkNameToNetworkID = map[string]uint32{
+		MainnetName: MainnetID,
+		TestnetName: TestnetID,
+		CascadeName: CascadeID,
+		LocalName:   LocalID,
+	}
+
+	validNetworkName = regexp.MustCompile(`network-[0-9]+`)
+)
+
+// NetworkName returns a human readable name for the network with
+// ID [networkID]
+func NetworkName(networkID uint32) string {
+	if name, exists := NetworkIDToNetworkName[networkID]; exists {
+		return name
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("network-%d", networkID)
+}
+
+// NetworkID returns the ID of the network with name [networkName]
+func NetworkID(networkName string) (uint32, error) {
+	networkName = strings.ToLower(networkName)
+	if id, exists := NetworkNameToNetworkID[networkName]; exists {
+		return id, nil
+	}
+
+	if id, err := strconv.ParseUint(networkName, 10, 0); err == nil {
+		if id > math.MaxUint32 {
+			return 0, fmt.Errorf("NetworkID %s not in [0, 2^32)", networkName)
+		}
+		return uint32(id), nil
+	}
+	if validNetworkName.MatchString(networkName) {
+		if id, err := strconv.Atoi(networkName[8:]); err == nil {
+			if id > math.MaxUint32 {
+				return 0, fmt.Errorf("NetworkID %s not in [0, 2^32)", networkName)
+			}
+			return uint32(id), nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0, fmt.Errorf("Failed to parse %s as a network name", networkName)
+}

ids/aliases_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+// (c) 2020, Alex Willmer. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package ids
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestAliaserLookupError(t *testing.T) {
+	emptyAliaser := Aliaser{}
+	emptyAliaser.Initialize()
+	tests := []struct {
+		label   string
+		aliaser Aliaser
+		alias   string
+		res     ID
+	}{
+		{"Unitialized", Aliaser{}, "Batwoman", ID{}},
+		{"Empty", emptyAliaser, "Batman", ID{}},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.label, func(t *testing.T) {
+			res, err := tt.aliaser.Lookup(tt.alias)
+			if !tt.res.Equals(res) {
+				t.Errorf("Got %v, expected %v", res, tt.res)
+			}
+			if err == nil {
+				t.Error("Expected an error due to missing alias")
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAliaserLookup(t *testing.T) {
+	id := NewID([32]byte{'K', 'a', 't', 'e', ' ', 'K', 'a', 'n', 'e'})
+	aliaser := Aliaser{}
+	aliaser.Initialize()
+	aliaser.Alias(id, "Batwoman")
+
+	res, err := aliaser.Lookup("Batwoman")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error %q", err)
+	}
+	if !id.Equals(res) {
+		t.Fatalf("Got %v, expected %v", res, id)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAliaserAliasesEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	id := NewID([32]byte{'J', 'a', 'm', 'e', 's', ' ', 'G', 'o', 'r', 'd', 'o', 'n'})
+	aliaser := Aliaser{}
+	aliaser.Initialize()
+
+	aliases := aliaser.Aliases(id)
+	if len(aliases) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected aliases %#v", aliases)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAliaserAliases(t *testing.T) {
+	id := NewID([32]byte{'B', 'r', 'u', 'c', 'e', ' ', 'W', 'a', 'y', 'n', 'e'})
+	aliaser := Aliaser{}
+	aliaser.Initialize()
+	aliaser.Alias(id, "Batman")
+	aliaser.Alias(id, "Dark Knight")
+
+	aliases := aliaser.Aliases(id)
+	expected := []string{"Batman", "Dark Knight"}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(aliases, expected) {
+		t.Fatalf("Got %v, expected %v", aliases, expected)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAliaserPrimaryAlias(t *testing.T) {
+	id1 := NewID([32]byte{'J', 'a', 'm', 'e', 's', ' ', 'G', 'o', 'r', 'd', 'o', 'n'})
+	id2 := NewID([32]byte{'B', 'r', 'u', 'c', 'e', ' ', 'W', 'a', 'y', 'n', 'e'})
+	aliaser := Aliaser{}
+	aliaser.Initialize()
+	aliaser.Alias(id2, "Batman")
+	aliaser.Alias(id2, "Dark Knight")
+
+	res, err := aliaser.PrimaryAlias(id1)
+	if res != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected alias for %v", id1)
+	}
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Expected an error given an id with no aliases")
+	}
+
+	res, err = aliaser.PrimaryAlias(id2)
+	expected := "Batman"
+	if res != expected {
+		t.Fatalf("Got %v, expected %v", res, expected)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAliaserAliasClash(t *testing.T) {
+	id1 := NewID([32]byte{'B', 'r', 'u', 'c', 'e', ' ', 'W', 'a', 'y', 'n', 'e'})
+	id2 := NewID([32]byte{'D', 'i', 'c', 'k', ' ', 'G', 'r', 'a', 'y', 's', 'o', 'n'})
+	aliaser := Aliaser{}
+	aliaser.Initialize()
+	aliaser.Alias(id1, "Batman")
+
+	err := aliaser.Alias(id2, "Batman")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected an error, due to an existing alias")
+	}
+}

ids/bag.go

@@ -86,6 +86,19 @@ func (b *Bag) List() []ID {
 	return idList
 }
 
+// Equals returns true if the bags contain the same elements
+func (b *Bag) Equals(oIDs Bag) bool {
+	if b.Len() != oIDs.Len() {
+		return false
+	}
+	for key, value := range b.counts {
+		if value != oIDs.counts[key] {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
 // Mode returns the id that has been seen the most and the number of times it
 // has been seen. Ties are broken by the first id to be seen the reported number
 // of times.
@@ -95,7 +108,7 @@ func (b *Bag) Mode() (ID, int) { return b.mode, b.modeFreq }
 func (b *Bag) Threshold() Set { return b.metThreshold }
 
 // Filter returns the bag of ids with the same counts as this bag, except all
-// the ids in the returned bag must have the same bits in the range [start, end]
+// the ids in the returned bag must have the same bits in the range [start, end)
 // as id.
 func (b *Bag) Filter(start, end int, id ID) Bag {
 	newBag := Bag{}

ids/id_test.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ package ids
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"reflect"
 	"testing"
 )
 
@@ -29,10 +30,6 @@ func TestID(t *testing.T) {
 	if b := id.Bytes(); !bytes.Equal(hash[:], b) {
 		t.Fatalf("ID.Bytes returned wrong bytes")
 	}
-
-	if str := id.String(); str != "Ba3mm8Ra8JYYebeZ9p7zw1ayorDbeD1euwxhgzSLsncKqGoNt" {
-		t.Fatalf("ID.String returned wrong string: %s", str)
-	}
 }
 
 func TestIDBit(t *testing.T) {
@@ -79,3 +76,143 @@ func TestFromString(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal("Expected FromString to be inverse of String but it wasn't")
 	}
 }
+
+func TestIDFromStringError(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		in string
+	}{
+		{""},
+		{"foo"},
+		{"foobar"},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.in, func(t *testing.T) {
+			_, err := FromString(tt.in)
+			if err == nil {
+				t.Error("Unexpected success")
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIDMarshalJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		label string
+		in    ID
+		out   []byte
+		err   error
+	}{
+		{"ID{}", ID{}, []byte("null"), nil},
+		{"ID(\"ava labs\")",
+			NewID([32]byte{'a', 'v', 'a', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'}),
+			[]byte("\"jvYi6Tn9idMi7BaymUVi9zWjg5tpmW7trfKG1AYJLKZJ2fsU7\""),
+			nil,
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.label, func(t *testing.T) {
+			out, err := tt.in.MarshalJSON()
+			if err != tt.err {
+				t.Errorf("Expected err %s, got error %v", tt.err, err)
+			} else if !bytes.Equal(out, tt.out) {
+				t.Errorf("got %q, expected %q", out, tt.out)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIDUnmarshalJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		label string
+		in    []byte
+		out   ID
+		err   error
+	}{
+		{"ID{}", []byte("null"), ID{}, nil},
+		{"ID(\"ava labs\")",
+			[]byte("\"jvYi6Tn9idMi7BaymUVi9zWjg5tpmW7trfKG1AYJLKZJ2fsU7\""),
+			NewID([32]byte{'a', 'v', 'a', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'}),
+			nil,
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.label, func(t *testing.T) {
+			foo := ID{}
+			err := foo.UnmarshalJSON(tt.in)
+			if err != tt.err {
+				t.Errorf("Expected err %s, got error %v", tt.err, err)
+			} else if foo.ID != nil && foo.Key() != tt.out.Key() {
+				t.Errorf("got %q, expected %q", foo.Key(), tt.out.Key())
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIDHex(t *testing.T) {
+	id := NewID([32]byte{'a', 'v', 'a', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'})
+	expected := "617661206c61627300000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
+	actual := id.Hex()
+	if actual != actual {
+		t.Fatalf("got %s, expected %s", actual, expected)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIDString(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		label    string
+		id       ID
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{"ID{}", ID{}, "nil"},
+		{"ID{[32]byte{24}}", NewID([32]byte{24}), "Ba3mm8Ra8JYYebeZ9p7zw1ayorDbeD1euwxhgzSLsncKqGoNt"},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.label, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := tt.id.String()
+			if result != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("got %q, expected %q", result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSortIDs(t *testing.T) {
+	ids := []ID{
+		NewID([32]byte{'e', 'v', 'a', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'}),
+		NewID([32]byte{'W', 'a', 'l', 'l', 'e', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'}),
+		NewID([32]byte{'a', 'v', 'a', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'}),
+	}
+	SortIDs(ids)
+	expected := []ID{
+		NewID([32]byte{'W', 'a', 'l', 'l', 'e', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'}),
+		NewID([32]byte{'a', 'v', 'a', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'}),
+		NewID([32]byte{'e', 'v', 'a', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'}),
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(ids, expected) {
+		t.Fatal("[]ID was not sorted lexographically")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsSortedAndUnique(t *testing.T) {
+	unsorted := []ID{
+		NewID([32]byte{'e', 'v', 'a', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'}),
+		NewID([32]byte{'a', 'v', 'a', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'}),
+	}
+	if IsSortedAndUniqueIDs(unsorted) {
+		t.Fatal("Wrongly accepted unsorted IDs")
+	}
+	duplicated := []ID{
+		NewID([32]byte{'a', 'v', 'a', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'}),
+		NewID([32]byte{'a', 'v', 'a', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'}),
+	}
+	if IsSortedAndUniqueIDs(duplicated) {
+		t.Fatal("Wrongly accepted duplicated IDs")
+	}
+	sorted := []ID{
+		NewID([32]byte{'a', 'v', 'a', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'}),
+		NewID([32]byte{'e', 'v', 'a', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'}),
+	}
+	if !IsSortedAndUniqueIDs(sorted) {
+		t.Fatal("Wrongly rejected sorted, unique IDs")
+	}
+}

ids/queue_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+package ids
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestQueueSetinit(t *testing.T) {
+	qs := QueueSet{}
+	qs.init()
+	if qs.idList == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to initialize")
+	}
+	list := qs.idList
+	qs.init()
+	if list != qs.idList {
+		t.Fatal("Mutated an already intialized queue")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestQueueSetSetHead(t *testing.T) {
+	qs := QueueSet{}
+	id := NewID([32]byte{'a', 'v', 'a', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'})
+	qs.SetHead(id)
+	if qs.idList == nil || id != qs.idList.Front().Value.(ID) {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to set head of unintilised queue")
+	}
+
+	qs.SetHead(id)
+	if qs.idList.Len() != 1 || id != qs.idList.Front().Value.(ID) {
+		t.Fatal("Mutated a queue which already had the desired head")
+	}
+
+	id2 := NewID([32]byte{'e', 'v', 'a', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'})
+	qs.SetHead(id2)
+	if qs.idList.Len() != 1 || id2 != qs.idList.Front().Value.(ID) {
+		t.Fatal("Didn't replace the existing head")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestQueueSetAppend(t *testing.T) {
+	qs := QueueSet{}
+	id := NewID([32]byte{'a', 'v', 'a', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'})
+	qs.Append(id)
+	if qs.idList == nil || id != qs.idList.Front().Value.(ID) {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to append to an uninitialised queue")
+	}
+
+	id2 := NewID([32]byte{'e', 'v', 'a', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'})
+	qs.Append(id2)
+	if qs.idList.Len() != 2 || id2 != qs.idList.Back().Value.(ID) {
+		t.Fatal("Failed to append to the back of the queue")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestQueueGetTail(t *testing.T) {
+	qs := QueueSet{}
+	tail := qs.GetTail()
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(tail, ID{}) {
+		t.Fatalf("Empty queue returned %v, expected empty ID %v", tail, Empty)
+	}
+
+	qs.Append(NewID([32]byte{'a', 'v', 'a', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'}))
+	id2 := NewID([32]byte{'e', 'v', 'a', ' ', 'l', 'a', 'b', 's'})
+	qs.Append(id2)
+	tail = qs.GetTail()
+	if tail != id2 {
+		t.Fatalf("Populated queue returned %v, expected %v", tail, id2)
+	}
+}

ids/slice.go

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// (c) 2019-2020, Ava Labs, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package ids
+
+// Equals returns true if the arrays are equal
+func Equals(a, b []ID) bool {
+	if len(a) != len(b) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	for i, aID := range a {
+		if !aID.Equals(b[i]) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// UnsortedEquals returns true if the have the same number of each ID
+func UnsortedEquals(a, b []ID) bool {
+	if len(a) != len(b) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	aBag := Bag{}
+	aBag.Add(a...)
+
+	bBag := Bag{}
+	bBag.Add(b...)
+
+	return aBag.Equals(bBag)
+}

keys/genStaker.sh

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 set -ex
 
-keypath=$GOPATH/src/github.com/ava-labs/gecko/keys/mykey
+keypath=$GOPATH/src/github.com/ava-labs/gecko/keys
 
 if test -f "$keypath/staker.key" || test -f "$keypath/staker.crt"; then
     echo "staker.key or staker.crt already exists. Not generating new key/certificiate."

keys/keys1/genStaker.sh

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-set -ex
-
-openssl genrsa -out `dirname "$0"`/staker.key 4096
-openssl req -new -sha256 -key `dirname "$0"`/staker.key -subj "/C=US/ST=NY/O=Avalabs/CN=ava" -out `dirname "$0"`/staker.csr
-openssl x509 -req -in `dirname "$0"`/staker.csr -CA `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.crt -CAkey `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.key -CAcreateserial -out `dirname "$0"`/staker.crt -days 365250 -sha256

keys/keys1/rootCA.srl

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-BAF3B5C5C6D0D14A

keys/keys1/staker.csr

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
------BEGIN CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----
-MIIEfzCCAmcCAQAwOjELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxCzAJBgNVBAgMAk5ZMRAwDgYDVQQK
-DAdBdmFsYWJzMQwwCgYDVQQDDANhdmEwggIiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4ICDwAw
-ggIKAoICAQDKYSRw/W0YpYH/MTQhiFrR0m89l6yTuzLpDtjudr/5RnhIPvtqk7YI
-Gm/m9l29xwR4J5r7SZGs+70yBetkbS+h7PwJ2rmWDwbrdyJKvVBhqf8kSn+VU2Le
-PSIcJj193LDyWhV1H4lqNkUkcAR76Fh9qjMvA2p0vJ66+eDLXlph/RYapQx9HgOj
-/0BmAKMrYCyo5BhRih+Ougg8aK4G9PQTIA5G2wTWW2QkHxM/QppFjZd/XwQeJ2H6
-ubWMFc5fttf6AzpJvFIDBu/JDCKWiCu5m8t4GL8w2OrIx8Js19lF4YYE2eojCreq
-gPi64S3ocqwKsDoySTw6/5iKQ5BUYwUXX3z7EXOqD8SMHefUKeczj4WvAaZLzR27
-qXm55EgRYQAIX4fhmY7NfSop3Wh0Eo62+JHoM/1g+UgOXlbnWpY95Mgd7/fwDSWL
-u4IxE0/uq8VufIbfC4yrY8qlTVfAffI1ldRdvJjPJBPiQ0CNrOl60LVptpkGc9sh
-H7wZ2bP0bEnYKTgLAfOzD8Ut71O2AOIa80A1GNFl4Yle/MSNJOcQOSpgtWdREzIU
-oenAjfuzM4OeTr4cRg4+VYTAo9KHKriN1DuewNzGd8WjKAVHmcIMjqISLTlzMhds
-dm+OmfQ6OvyX7v0GTOBbhP09NGcww5A0gCzXN18FS5oxnxe6OG9D0wIDAQABoAAw
-DQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQADggIBAE7VplAZTEGHpYwXZvhlVg0qDsb/7IQj77eNteSU
-33Dq6u7QLgS+Ea04Xv5BHnhnBoWRtrNR8WLTw64cuj6p/sqXiQsSNDgxNDPuPG+g
-1FFi6wjgtoIJnx/QrITuUyO/MRy1awKLHlGfbY6yXSdLCC9bqLSIRm0tx+E+jo5C
-0r5+ZOcLK8ZXWq9uHjmekX0hoN4qzsbQ0J5IeMh9ag+698aqzBSEDljLHg614yiK
-FxtpD+23O0XfAdgqFgXRLLg3tt8AkVuys7r/uwHoz9du+nwW2U5nsMIYBXLV2mq3
-1KbpXDTlVwaSoA2LP8dpmvbyTgNbXsjPdS91Rrzd7fcsammcSV0aWPiXmIbTLtn8
-61ZRR0uj+jB68cRjSvegnheifsGyq6alr8OSUMdeWVyiPy2O7N6fUVj+Fmyzl5Ph
-fl9UPZTmt/zOZrcSBoWjtZfmQVfw29SfMYwlNKALN4eOT6XwBLDK4uu4UXSoXwi+
-V8evUUfBWcrcXHMTIFhoZbW/b7gjhnv148XWYI0ta8pjt/akzlPLtf4ETPqfECNN
-4+p2w9+R5ktzCLeceXQc8eN+ZwjIt31zG48J7Sl1wJB13VR0jPy6zDsyUIswIVfe
-7gp7GHg8R0lzDpEYCvU+R7RUWK6xcpjt7+mTHM70csnnOg7uPqnXqOdtVplr0y+R
-pmqJ
------END CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----

keys/keys2/genCA.sh

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-set -ex
-
-openssl genrsa -out `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.key 4096
-openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -key `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.key -sha256 -days 365250 -out `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.crt

keys/keys2/genStaker.sh

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-set -ex
-
-openssl genrsa -out `dirname "$0"`/staker.key 4096
-openssl req -new -sha256 -key `dirname "$0"`/staker.key -subj "/C=US/ST=NY/O=Avalabs/CN=ava" -out `dirname "$0"`/staker.csr
-openssl x509 -req -in `dirname "$0"`/staker.csr -CA `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.crt -CAkey `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.key -CAcreateserial -out `dirname "$0"`/staker.crt -days 365250 -sha256

keys/keys2/rootCA.crt

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
------BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
-MIIF1jCCA76gAwIBAgIJALI1DF9cpwfEMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAMH8xCzAJBgNV
-BAYTAlVTMQswCQYDVQQIDAJOWTEPMA0GA1UEBwwGSXRoYWNhMRAwDgYDVQQKDAdB
-dmFsYWJzMQ4wDAYDVQQLDAVHZWNrbzEMMAoGA1UEAwwDYXZhMSIwIAYJKoZIhvcN
-AQkBFhNzdGVwaGVuQGF2YWxhYnMub3JnMCAXDTE5MDIyODIwNTkyNFoYDzMwMTkw
-MzA4MjA1OTI0WjB/MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzELMAkGA1UECAwCTlkxDzANBgNVBAcM
-Bkl0aGFjYTEQMA4GA1UECgwHQXZhbGFiczEOMAwGA1UECwwFR2Vja28xDDAKBgNV
-BAMMA2F2YTEiMCAGCSqGSIb3DQEJARYTc3RlcGhlbkBhdmFsYWJzLm9yZzCCAiIw
-DQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggIPADCCAgoCggIBAJ45ScWV8tsCNO+NTIBuUYsPkhcg
-jrp0HEyCHY3XEkxsLuDqtesNyv39YA0xQ3M3FP1e29tjFeHWJzyzV8O1H+6yco93
-QAtzh9xELYD301Yq+x55yZrSjZxNIC5Tmz1ewTfD315lNR04M6JmqjrStIuLsWFU
-m6P4OgXs4daqnyq9au4PYSrejcbexW59rKxLryK6Acv+E9Ax04oS33g9KqPmlRx0
-lfu3x4nkIKIl+VaK1wC5CwJDYZ91KpEbC8Z2YvTeVDH+/hz/MvKl1CEaqK/4G5FB
-KGEyd/bGRxMVQF41G7liJLaXzPLyZnKO2n21ZuJhkA9MZelt1U0LuQU505qU7IzW
-cmKFEIb1MOrclaF19Is7HQlJWKyDo2/hfjSCZO8zH7eR9EGzKyQwZhwkYCycJD44
-RKEHq6s/Z2dHUlpLIgRJ7k171TNkL9+xLntu8v1lzTkhemSNeO9asqJ7VcvpnMHH
-bQXpDxJpi8jTnV8In8EolSqaKeN6/nzwbbSJ7gHehgpDhC1DlXPRzTt/ktQKlNGW
-T5bdNdvYFyYTd9fu78aJZSbJo8jS2fykWuBgOgnlV8VmwpDa7iHM3EECByhf5GKB
-J1jBlXO1ZyfJ7sNTbuVM7Uc2JkB4ASKdm3GZ3sFv95HjSTJAUORjE4pQ1es4kfDU
-KqzDHH+bEHaGIGJTAgMBAAGjUzBRMB0GA1UdDgQWBBQr2T0duSMkvGXe3bSdWcei
-73QtwzAfBgNVHSMEGDAWgBQr2T0duSMkvGXe3bSdWcei73QtwzAPBgNVHRMBAf8E
-BTADAQH/MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAA4ICAQBpP18zCdzvnSdPigg9wx+a8Znr4aJj
-FxZYwBY6/BmKb56ke9g+zKKCw2dYYkRYDcTOEfuBgBvNeCSJv4R5rmkukkL8RCIG
-XV/WfSn2d3Mnz5KTgGQS6Q9s5qx+8ydkiGZthi+8a8ltXczyYrvWgd47U0NWTcOY
-omjgF6XF+hVLWLgiwmA468pd7wyCsuJJkyxxeyDPXQ422I1AJW/7c5JQQa+lDNsv
-Vna6420mZ/DiQd3stFkdjhRjmBZvGQ09g6l3zo6TgI1TWr5TMYPrempBVCWPNilC
-XaMysU77+tPutI+7kMBuGvLuZtPrH/2uTYdXWPodyORm5i2ABF6In3VISPD9YNc0
-gWx3PYGi2BfdnZepCojsffUMlhT3SsiAKMYv5FhW8LQBNMRR4721U1Vf5f8fzNQn
-3E55TthV5HXZQ6HcLhkmOvH8CMqtWGETTbBtYSA2AVMjoqs7QDGkfsCH9UuwGd1N
-W12JOf53XyOQT2XwWerSQC2kv7elsTh6Bk7PhvrCi0OwCVSGny5IQY/aXM1n6Z6s
-scJlZmq6P3AJZ3tRtBt9yDK7iIW7mzNLTb/kAjsNQh06oETJIJ0CIgL0Bn6CANYU
-kNqB4oTxmAhdOPKNgqaIwdZAL1VDIVaQEcvGeZRduo7yZvA/MhuQD8IIKSeOBFaD
-DB8IRfWqBx2nWw==
------END CERTIFICATE-----

keys/keys2/rootCA.key

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
------BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
-MIIJJwIBAAKCAgEAnjlJxZXy2wI0741MgG5Riw+SFyCOunQcTIIdjdcSTGwu4Oq1
-6w3K/f1gDTFDczcU/V7b22MV4dYnPLNXw7Uf7rJyj3dAC3OH3EQtgPfTVir7HnnJ
-mtKNnE0gLlObPV7BN8PfXmU1HTgzomaqOtK0i4uxYVSbo/g6Bezh1qqfKr1q7g9h
-Kt6Nxt7Fbn2srEuvIroBy/4T0DHTihLfeD0qo+aVHHSV+7fHieQgoiX5VorXALkL
-AkNhn3UqkRsLxnZi9N5UMf7+HP8y8qXUIRqor/gbkUEoYTJ39sZHExVAXjUbuWIk
-tpfM8vJmco7afbVm4mGQD0xl6W3VTQu5BTnTmpTsjNZyYoUQhvUw6tyVoXX0izsd
-CUlYrIOjb+F+NIJk7zMft5H0QbMrJDBmHCRgLJwkPjhEoQerqz9nZ0dSWksiBEnu
-TXvVM2Qv37Eue27y/WXNOSF6ZI1471qyontVy+mcwcdtBekPEmmLyNOdXwifwSiV
-Kpop43r+fPBttInuAd6GCkOELUOVc9HNO3+S1AqU0ZZPlt0129gXJhN31+7vxoll
-JsmjyNLZ/KRa4GA6CeVXxWbCkNruIczcQQIHKF/kYoEnWMGVc7VnJ8nuw1Nu5Uzt
-RzYmQHgBIp2bcZnewW/3keNJMkBQ5GMTilDV6ziR8NQqrMMcf5sQdoYgYlMCAwEA
-AQKCAgAhNota05AoEv2Dr5h4eS/azgjvm+D6GLd8A/AqPxRTQH5SrlJDpiCPUmmg
-O1AaVlyslwX1toX4YxjXcBojNdkfJQxRO0oRXU4Oma0nnl4Zf2o5Sn1cZ4hcYAA6
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-WJIPNfityCHKYOl8ssFCGDdAP7VbQuyegBv20z5FafevdM2POPy53HUycwkNkn6Y
-243Xx4VyTeKMo4/dATY+NxC+nRXiz4jLna5a7IIIzjAHl2kF6iJVasd3+X/xWHsM
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-/wqBnxj8ouh+5jvT0nqCJsFZwK0F7Dr3na2lSf34XBCTnd9//FfSIY7mDIddxuVF
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-I5oZN1pA1hCyCBK5VSRDPucpPqmY/90CggEAbFRUDyEkq9p7/Va/PYJLMe+1zGoy
-+jCC1nm5LioxrUdpE+CV1t1cVutnlI3sRD+79oX/zwlwQ+pCx1XOMCmGs4uZUx5f
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-MP/zYUbuiatC/LozcYLs/01m3Nu6oYi0OP/nFofepXNpQoZO8jKpnGRVVJ0EfgSe
-f3qb9nkygj+gqGWT+PY6H39xKFz0h7dmmcP3Z7CrYXFEFfTCsUgbOKulAA==
------END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

keys/keys2/rootCA.srl

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-BAF3B5C5C6D0D14A

keys/keys2/staker.csr

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
------BEGIN CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----
-MIIEfzCCAmcCAQAwOjELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxCzAJBgNVBAgMAk5ZMRAwDgYDVQQK
-DAdBdmFsYWJzMQwwCgYDVQQDDANhdmEwggIiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4ICDwAw
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-9AQh5/6G8qwmAqO3YQ9dxN82iu/H3+N+GGa/M0r5rEWrzwIuFhwKvyQcpPRBm2yQ
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-B0geEwyxY97zqnFv5YXiukXEaAnCRAlOuIZXRqtK6GFthTWo33YpB2KaRUtJ7IuP
-og4Q/zjDs8DEc/qbbUbhyulExz6uoyRKO4j/gG3ESC6j09j7Eungt1LDhyt8p3wD
-pytIIPkTseykO0CcEpEcGbES6d3u4PrFJ75XWxMkNZVK8mC3faxx2kJLfS1+4Fg8
-A0zbcN6qwm1ezGq2vGQcyVKyFVWJQAEAFuSO8sjW6dk3ClfE+MNGUvxTQMe96V14
-jGRICCp9aJrJXA3u0iQaUX0cXmlhegAYk7Ho/Ef3k/PcP8DzZ8Ck839oRHBw4pPv
-tKbyiKnOcet7AFGwsiM2t5VLrj4jovhRLEiaXrCaxNe6j4xs63TEb+8uTCzKyktC
-4BFq
------END CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----

keys/keys3/genCA.sh

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-set -ex
-
-openssl genrsa -out `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.key 4096
-openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -key `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.key -sha256 -days 365250 -out `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.crt

keys/keys3/genStaker.sh

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-set -ex
-
-openssl genrsa -out `dirname "$0"`/staker.key 4096
-openssl req -new -sha256 -key `dirname "$0"`/staker.key -subj "/C=US/ST=NY/O=Avalabs/CN=ava" -out `dirname "$0"`/staker.csr
-openssl x509 -req -in `dirname "$0"`/staker.csr -CA `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.crt -CAkey `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.key -CAcreateserial -out `dirname "$0"`/staker.crt -days 365250 -sha256

keys/keys3/rootCA.crt

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
------BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
-MIIF1jCCA76gAwIBAgIJALI1DF9cpwfEMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAMH8xCzAJBgNV
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-DB8IRfWqBx2nWw==
------END CERTIFICATE-----

keys/keys3/rootCA.key

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
------BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
-MIIJJwIBAAKCAgEAnjlJxZXy2wI0741MgG5Riw+SFyCOunQcTIIdjdcSTGwu4Oq1
-6w3K/f1gDTFDczcU/V7b22MV4dYnPLNXw7Uf7rJyj3dAC3OH3EQtgPfTVir7HnnJ
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-I5oZN1pA1hCyCBK5VSRDPucpPqmY/90CggEAbFRUDyEkq9p7/Va/PYJLMe+1zGoy
-+jCC1nm5LioxrUdpE+CV1t1cVutnlI3sRD+79oX/zwlwQ+pCx1XOMCmGs4uZUx5f
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-f3qb9nkygj+gqGWT+PY6H39xKFz0h7dmmcP3Z7CrYXFEFfTCsUgbOKulAA==
------END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

keys/keys3/rootCA.srl

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-BAF3B5C5C6D0D14A

keys/keys3/staker.csr

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
------BEGIN CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----
-MIIEfzCCAmcCAQAwOjELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxCzAJBgNVBAgMAk5ZMRAwDgYDVQQK
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-78pG
------END CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----

keys/keys4/genCA.sh

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-set -ex
-
-openssl genrsa -out `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.key 4096
-openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -key `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.key -sha256 -days 365250 -out `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.crt

keys/keys4/genStaker.sh

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-set -ex
-
-openssl genrsa -out `dirname "$0"`/staker.key 4096
-openssl req -new -sha256 -key `dirname "$0"`/staker.key -subj "/C=US/ST=NY/O=Avalabs/CN=ava" -out `dirname "$0"`/staker.csr
-openssl x509 -req -in `dirname "$0"`/staker.csr -CA `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.crt -CAkey `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.key -CAcreateserial -out `dirname "$0"`/staker.crt -days 365250 -sha256

keys/keys4/rootCA.crt

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
------BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
-MIIF1jCCA76gAwIBAgIJALI1DF9cpwfEMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAMH8xCzAJBgNV
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-DB8IRfWqBx2nWw==
------END CERTIFICATE-----

keys/keys4/rootCA.key

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
------BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
-MIIJJwIBAAKCAgEAnjlJxZXy2wI0741MgG5Riw+SFyCOunQcTIIdjdcSTGwu4Oq1
-6w3K/f1gDTFDczcU/V7b22MV4dYnPLNXw7Uf7rJyj3dAC3OH3EQtgPfTVir7HnnJ
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-f3qb9nkygj+gqGWT+PY6H39xKFz0h7dmmcP3Z7CrYXFEFfTCsUgbOKulAA==
------END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

keys/keys4/rootCA.srl

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-BAF3B5C5C6D0D14A

keys/keys4/staker.csr

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
------BEGIN CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----
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-f9p0
------END CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----

keys/keys5/genCA.sh

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-set -ex
-
-openssl genrsa -out `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.key 4096
-openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -key `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.key -sha256 -days 365250 -out `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.crt

keys/keys5/genStaker.sh

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-set -ex
-
-openssl genrsa -out `dirname "$0"`/staker.key 4096
-openssl req -new -sha256 -key `dirname "$0"`/staker.key -subj "/C=US/ST=NY/O=Avalabs/CN=ava" -out `dirname "$0"`/staker.csr
-openssl x509 -req -in `dirname "$0"`/staker.csr -CA `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.crt -CAkey `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.key -CAcreateserial -out `dirname "$0"`/staker.crt -days 365250 -sha256

keys/keys5/rootCA.crt

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
------BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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-DB8IRfWqBx2nWw==
------END CERTIFICATE-----

keys/keys5/rootCA.key

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
------BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
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-+jCC1nm5LioxrUdpE+CV1t1cVutnlI3sRD+79oX/zwlwQ+pCx1XOMCmGs4uZUx5f
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-f3qb9nkygj+gqGWT+PY6H39xKFz0h7dmmcP3Z7CrYXFEFfTCsUgbOKulAA==
------END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

keys/keys5/rootCA.srl

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-BAF3B5C5C6D0D14A

keys/keys5/staker.csr

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
------BEGIN CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----
-MIIEfzCCAmcCAQAwOjELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxCzAJBgNVBAgMAk5ZMRAwDgYDVQQK
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-R3cpvqk770//MLCdyGW/1IArTSuD1vd7mBX1JyVXKycYN0vIOtbgxPOFutUyqDOe
-P7o51q4iPS3dCRgfmn/hWLwy+CtJe0BGKsb4tk0tKxo0se8v9JA8mUtnmzmMt4Y9
-jijOrCOB7XwWKmJYEm8N5Ubcy6cp2oL8vQVtzz3PXrkFt+3cFt1jrjdpQYgH4jyk
-kWDeOjEfy1FCwzsNRudLTvLhfLn86/ZT4cLZ9JI7/WW0IPC8Fc7lhznJ+bIQUeEn
-daGdgVkxuEg0MxdrMr0jU0IFoXySRXNRzcDWZShEjBTv7tnFxLmoNU+uJb/KpMH6
-sRYi3zs85ecaMKNyG+LDmBahUlHx5hKAH49O8855+AMhsg91ONZJldjQX0oZrIKz
-K5BpsqeTl4c2Yt/fALiZaeFk1pBEsvVeMOBCIuWE+b4UIEaLAOhxfwIDAQABoAAw
-DQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQADggIBAMWzSdk6C53ijuLYOt77BAYpxnxRvKA1tsxJd9K5
-+R+ZGiuTLXWArgClhhwx65OTeqrwkVlh2CZoVTBeEMzvxn6zHO4S20KcWJ1lWU76
-OIrBZrAecBVXB5LmttUkvlMgVlWLQuVpVJiEn1jW6KeABqWKCLz7Au8TzHfr1HQ4
-1ukndu3SsKVwSIy0ZHFpQaXvzA8f0V93ap9R2RVw9BXqCJDe+BtQPvlCwOrvQ7d3
-gg+3aymbqUx3hrscEvd1ETad7LyFw3QfPcr1j1FwPH+K1/UDrWxIzxmO+HM5Lh8f
-269aYceysgv/xa/KpANTxVAM7j1SE1CjjI5e5CQJVZ+gtAqTIv3lLkk0dWQksObN
-Z1tTtJkFAUNbGsMadtVeTmx2eBcRi4LEv0DIPyyWUQTWwTYtaMFi8I0bYPk1T/fV
-9umR6jqZ0l1qdiuLYOSYUx4iI5SAmCrA/kEINOj0u2gqqkxdOgUVsuKqer4w9Iyt
-qOhhOHwctRo+cIhpVwcF2ouJeNrFqoBzOgHKQxBvcDWJM8ra5GCNIvD3MP4Q63hy
-b4fkBcYwb1B2ETH9nSDtfW+JLjt70rvf6IxAiXRRiOv4fPzaUlK49NRVgjzx5Iu+
-8Zq4+I+S6qZOROWsOVSpJu44VvNZd5bMB9dEHnkoGxkPjo8pkC/o0uZbxsnZScSL
-WGxS
------END CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----

keys/mykey/genCA.sh

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-set -ex
-
-openssl genrsa -out `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.key 4096
-openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -key `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.key -sha256 -days 365250 -out `dirname "$0"`/rootCA.crt

keys/mykey/rootCA.crt

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
------BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
-MIIF1jCCA76gAwIBAgIJALI1DF9cpwfEMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAMH8xCzAJBgNV
-BAYTAlVTMQswCQYDVQQIDAJOWTEPMA0GA1UEBwwGSXRoYWNhMRAwDgYDVQQKDAdB
-dmFsYWJzMQ4wDAYDVQQLDAVHZWNrbzEMMAoGA1UEAwwDYXZhMSIwIAYJKoZIhvcN
-AQkBFhNzdGVwaGVuQGF2YWxhYnMub3JnMCAXDTE5MDIyODIwNTkyNFoYDzMwMTkw
-MzA4MjA1OTI0WjB/MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzELMAkGA1UECAwCTlkxDzANBgNVBAcM
-Bkl0aGFjYTEQMA4GA1UECgwHQXZhbGFiczEOMAwGA1UECwwFR2Vja28xDDAKBgNV
-BAMMA2F2YTEiMCAGCSqGSIb3DQEJARYTc3RlcGhlbkBhdmFsYWJzLm9yZzCCAiIw
-DQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggIPADCCAgoCggIBAJ45ScWV8tsCNO+NTIBuUYsPkhcg
-jrp0HEyCHY3XEkxsLuDqtesNyv39YA0xQ3M3FP1e29tjFeHWJzyzV8O1H+6yco93
-QAtzh9xELYD301Yq+x55yZrSjZxNIC5Tmz1ewTfD315lNR04M6JmqjrStIuLsWFU
-m6P4OgXs4daqnyq9au4PYSrejcbexW59rKxLryK6Acv+E9Ax04oS33g9KqPmlRx0
-lfu3x4nkIKIl+VaK1wC5CwJDYZ91KpEbC8Z2YvTeVDH+/hz/MvKl1CEaqK/4G5FB
-KGEyd/bGRxMVQF41G7liJLaXzPLyZnKO2n21ZuJhkA9MZelt1U0LuQU505qU7IzW
-cmKFEIb1MOrclaF19Is7HQlJWKyDo2/hfjSCZO8zH7eR9EGzKyQwZhwkYCycJD44
-RKEHq6s/Z2dHUlpLIgRJ7k171TNkL9+xLntu8v1lzTkhemSNeO9asqJ7VcvpnMHH
-bQXpDxJpi8jTnV8In8EolSqaKeN6/nzwbbSJ7gHehgpDhC1DlXPRzTt/ktQKlNGW
-T5bdNdvYFyYTd9fu78aJZSbJo8jS2fykWuBgOgnlV8VmwpDa7iHM3EECByhf5GKB
-J1jBlXO1ZyfJ7sNTbuVM7Uc2JkB4ASKdm3GZ3sFv95HjSTJAUORjE4pQ1es4kfDU
-KqzDHH+bEHaGIGJTAgMBAAGjUzBRMB0GA1UdDgQWBBQr2T0duSMkvGXe3bSdWcei
-73QtwzAfBgNVHSMEGDAWgBQr2T0duSMkvGXe3bSdWcei73QtwzAPBgNVHRMBAf8E
-BTADAQH/MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAA4ICAQBpP18zCdzvnSdPigg9wx+a8Znr4aJj
-FxZYwBY6/BmKb56ke9g+zKKCw2dYYkRYDcTOEfuBgBvNeCSJv4R5rmkukkL8RCIG
-XV/WfSn2d3Mnz5KTgGQS6Q9s5qx+8ydkiGZthi+8a8ltXczyYrvWgd47U0NWTcOY
-omjgF6XF+hVLWLgiwmA468pd7wyCsuJJkyxxeyDPXQ422I1AJW/7c5JQQa+lDNsv
-Vna6420mZ/DiQd3stFkdjhRjmBZvGQ09g6l3zo6TgI1TWr5TMYPrempBVCWPNilC
-XaMysU77+tPutI+7kMBuGvLuZtPrH/2uTYdXWPodyORm5i2ABF6In3VISPD9YNc0
-gWx3PYGi2BfdnZepCojsffUMlhT3SsiAKMYv5FhW8LQBNMRR4721U1Vf5f8fzNQn
-3E55TthV5HXZQ6HcLhkmOvH8CMqtWGETTbBtYSA2AVMjoqs7QDGkfsCH9UuwGd1N
-W12JOf53XyOQT2XwWerSQC2kv7elsTh6Bk7PhvrCi0OwCVSGny5IQY/aXM1n6Z6s
-scJlZmq6P3AJZ3tRtBt9yDK7iIW7mzNLTb/kAjsNQh06oETJIJ0CIgL0Bn6CANYU
-kNqB4oTxmAhdOPKNgqaIwdZAL1VDIVaQEcvGeZRduo7yZvA/MhuQD8IIKSeOBFaD
-DB8IRfWqBx2nWw==
------END CERTIFICATE-----

keys/mykey/rootCA.key

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
------BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
-MIIJJwIBAAKCAgEAnjlJxZXy2wI0741MgG5Riw+SFyCOunQcTIIdjdcSTGwu4Oq1
-6w3K/f1gDTFDczcU/V7b22MV4dYnPLNXw7Uf7rJyj3dAC3OH3EQtgPfTVir7HnnJ
-mtKNnE0gLlObPV7BN8PfXmU1HTgzomaqOtK0i4uxYVSbo/g6Bezh1qqfKr1q7g9h
-Kt6Nxt7Fbn2srEuvIroBy/4T0DHTihLfeD0qo+aVHHSV+7fHieQgoiX5VorXALkL
-AkNhn3UqkRsLxnZi9N5UMf7+HP8y8qXUIRqor/gbkUEoYTJ39sZHExVAXjUbuWIk
-tpfM8vJmco7afbVm4mGQD0xl6W3VTQu5BTnTmpTsjNZyYoUQhvUw6tyVoXX0izsd
-CUlYrIOjb+F+NIJk7zMft5H0QbMrJDBmHCRgLJwkPjhEoQerqz9nZ0dSWksiBEnu
-TXvVM2Qv37Eue27y/WXNOSF6ZI1471qyontVy+mcwcdtBekPEmmLyNOdXwifwSiV
-Kpop43r+fPBttInuAd6GCkOELUOVc9HNO3+S1AqU0ZZPlt0129gXJhN31+7vxoll
-JsmjyNLZ/KRa4GA6CeVXxWbCkNruIczcQQIHKF/kYoEnWMGVc7VnJ8nuw1Nu5Uzt
-RzYmQHgBIp2bcZnewW/3keNJMkBQ5GMTilDV6ziR8NQqrMMcf5sQdoYgYlMCAwEA
-AQKCAgAhNota05AoEv2Dr5h4eS/azgjvm+D6GLd8A/AqPxRTQH5SrlJDpiCPUmmg
-O1AaVlyslwX1toX4YxjXcBojNdkfJQxRO0oRXU4Oma0nnl4Zf2o5Sn1cZ4hcYAA6
-WUiECGjsyMwRp5MPsCV+mKhxMpu9kzRH5xfIwqmDZuc9RZGlyh8xG79c3VzLeyXc
-fLsLa9O2qW8JICuOj3cFS9LnDYfu4c85Kuv06+4R7vY+s1P0q65YM3+xGO3cKB8o
-WJIPNfityCHKYOl8ssFCGDdAP7VbQuyegBv20z5FafevdM2POPy53HUycwkNkn6Y
-243Xx4VyTeKMo4/dATY+NxC+nRXiz4jLna5a7IIIzjAHl2kF6iJVasd3+X/xWHsM
-Lx9iDRjERf+J+y58GaDxetXL1C0xm7Rv28yMYVPAzpucvS4i72Xj7X8JkO3az3Qv
-/wqBnxj8ouh+5jvT0nqCJsFZwK0F7Dr3na2lSf34XBCTnd9//FfSIY7mDIddxuVF
-2rKKOl2KkvbDUuSKVZwdJeAp1CccN6SfLnxKy+436Z5hYzBIeGyejpCMWivDJ2I3
-wjs4w4IPobT5dqaSdPYFTKJnoDv62vYbIN3o8pQ3QUXwmRPyKoPuxe7OZZyec43R
-WUtajiW6AXjxUoEtPPPHAT/3pGKG2a0VGtDfjLjpp5OtQmteiQKCAQEAz62n9Lh1
-POdC4088GEqrGPhq5MUz2j2pOCjEZ7utmD+Lo8x95McCU+jf4UJ+rbaf96dvjPRC
-T0Sc6X6IvvQycJubzQe6XX6eyZsr67qpuY2MGze+NvmO4LcCOfNHerRyLK2DoGLW
-jQVxJNsBIFo0T7iSuUICbfxKdKxfH+27rPANEvpqS5BJalAfeGPEL0GgUTKQmswc
-23Pnu5mkb7TWLKNVq7o/5PxvXyKmJQaFHCV98pqQr/HhXd79dMD12TPZRvsNgPGK
-XOsmPtC5RHhbs/Wmdk3X3ihoVezou2VPeWCIrCANCuU0zZBK1igVC3FGeUK8u1Dl
-jrTkRsNTLbBiPwKCAQEAwwngBBjbdRCVvUVWIBQBOk/t/6WyeAVH4O/fq32KklW+
-/SN5yeZhXjwMrFhSOqFUDipg/C4Imf5S3V+MlXO4lQsZzZa0d0euBIBt0SEcGE8P
-rAkGcvwPfISBfYCnPem1ax01ixNJBxWDrgkfHZchywNPFgopiqpYR7X5ttACctCl
-KLaDOXn667QmG1icsVgZV3L8gBxEdyjhmUGWFH/auS28oxqhUgiXrUQXbJKCesGD
-E39r/SyOAGP5ZtTkWmNDp2+va8lSJwL1Ix+6qvexi/hIIGoFlSh5w+BwnBlxBL4C
-cUanaXRtIqQ9rcO/xhZ7izmQzruNARLDPGIJ59MS7QKCAQBGR3wJAssZ2yD1j4DE
-r7AK+TYjSODtP+SeDp24hPiQByEYQ0FvRDFzd+Ebd8cqvhyQUGcdiiNOc+et1JYu
-GLFhDifBUJYuwYS2sP5B/Z8mHdKF+20xaW6CeSwVtFBCJAJnQCjFA+2bN3Y8hKhy
-7FO7jriIXOA5nCEOLq7aPTc/pNSn0XpbK+7MPWUI9qoTW+AG2le5Ks2xLh4DjFDr
-RIUeAgAh5xtsQEjoJu+WpAgzqDRg/xFrmS0s+SNIeWw5HqSuspK1SggKvcDpjPTF
-SP2vfrfgXSNqGL6GJW/0yqoEZziZFxeS0lH2JphMtK+6eZDhxEXeFdg5XNnLYJor
-Yf89AoIBAHbRLESys/c0HFTKybYPGdRhXzcvxXKynOBeoZ9Cgsm1LP3fv9EM5WJY
-KMxRnf6Ty7Y5gQ4AKUNPGUI9dFKTxe4ebiC938EOzOd3Ke+OQSRZ/c0rTl98SR7t
-Rkmjt77TAq93gufv3rxPEgJTEj6flHmt0V8236nXLqK5LKB/Rg6WJxePYJACTKeM
-/u4H5KVxazbIGSUek2MYZ59KwlhIr4HCaDng/kgQbf6jDbYZ5x1LiEO3i50XqIZ6
-YTSRG3ApKsz1ECQU6FRVy+sS6FBBR0ti/OWqUS5WEyAOOewO37go3SoPBewLfnTt
-I5oZN1pA1hCyCBK5VSRDPucpPqmY/90CggEAbFRUDyEkq9p7/Va/PYJLMe+1zGoy
-+jCC1nm5LioxrUdpE+CV1t1cVutnlI3sRD+79oX/zwlwQ+pCx1XOMCmGs4uZUx5f
-UtpGnsPamlyQKyQfPam3N4+4gaY9LLPiYCrI/XQh+vZQNlQTStuKLtb0R8+4wEER
-KDTtC2cNN5fSnexEifpvq5yK3x6bH66pPyuRE27vVQ7diPar9A+VwkLs+zGbfnWW
-MP/zYUbuiatC/LozcYLs/01m3Nu6oYi0OP/nFofepXNpQoZO8jKpnGRVVJ0EfgSe
-f3qb9nkygj+gqGWT+PY6H39xKFz0h7dmmcP3Z7CrYXFEFfTCsUgbOKulAA==
------END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

keys/mykey/rootCA.srl

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-BAF3B5C5C6D0D164

keys/rootCA.srl

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+BAF3B5C5C6D0D166

main/main.go

@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"path"
 
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/nat"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/node"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils/crypto"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils/logging"
-	"github.com/ava-labs/go-ethereum/p2p/nat"
 )
 
 // main is the primary entry point to Ava. This can either create a CLI to an
@@ -61,26 +61,11 @@ func main() {
 		log.Warn("assertions are enabled. This may slow down execution")
 	}
 
-	natChan := make(chan struct{})
-	defer close(natChan)
+	mapper := nat.NewDefaultMapper(log, Config.Nat, nat.TCP, "gecko")
+	defer mapper.UnmapAllPorts()
 
-	go nat.Map(
-		/*nat=*/ Config.Nat,
-		/*closeChannel=*/ natChan,
-		/*protocol=*/ "TCP",
-		/*internetPort=*/ int(Config.StakingIP.Port),
-		/*localPort=*/ int(Config.StakingIP.Port),
-		/*name=*/ "Gecko Staking Server",
-	)
-
-	go nat.Map(
-		/*nat=*/ Config.Nat,
-		/*closeChannel=*/ natChan,
-		/*protocol=*/ "TCP",
-		/*internetPort=*/ int(Config.HTTPPort),
-		/*localPort=*/ int(Config.HTTPPort),
-		/*name=*/ "Gecko HTTP Server",
-	)
+	mapper.MapPort(Config.StakingIP.Port, Config.StakingIP.Port)
+	mapper.MapPort(Config.HTTPPort, Config.HTTPPort)
 
 	log.Debug("initializing node state")
 	// MainNode is a global variable in the node.go file

main/params.go

@@ -8,15 +8,15 @@ import (
 	"flag"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
+	"os"
 	"path"
 	"strings"
 
-	"github.com/ava-labs/go-ethereum/p2p/nat"
-
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database/leveldb"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database/memdb"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/genesis"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/ids"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/nat"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/node"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/snow/networking/router"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils"
@@ -32,6 +32,14 @@ var (
 	Err    error
 )
 
+// GetIPs returns the default IPs for each network
+func GetIPs(networkID uint32) []string {
+	switch networkID {
+	default:
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
 var (
 	errBootstrapMismatch = errors.New("more bootstrap IDs provided than bootstrap IPs")
 )
@@ -44,72 +52,84 @@ func init() {
 	loggingConfig, err := logging.DefaultConfig()
 	errs.Add(err)
 
+	fs := flag.NewFlagSet("gecko", flag.ContinueOnError)
+
 	// NetworkID:
-	networkName := flag.String("network-id", genesis.LocalName, "Network ID this node will connect to")
+	networkName := fs.String("network-id", genesis.LocalName, "Network ID this node will connect to")
 
 	// Ava fees:
-	flag.Uint64Var(&Config.AvaTxFee, "ava-tx-fee", 0, "Ava transaction fee, in $nAva")
+	fs.Uint64Var(&Config.AvaTxFee, "ava-tx-fee", 0, "Ava transaction fee, in $nAva")
 
 	// Assertions:
-	flag.BoolVar(&loggingConfig.Assertions, "assertions-enabled", true, "Turn on assertion execution")
+	fs.BoolVar(&loggingConfig.Assertions, "assertions-enabled", true, "Turn on assertion execution")
 
 	// Crypto:
-	flag.BoolVar(&Config.EnableCrypto, "signature-verification-enabled", true, "Turn on signature verification")
+	fs.BoolVar(&Config.EnableCrypto, "signature-verification-enabled", true, "Turn on signature verification")
 
 	// Database:
-	db := flag.Bool("db-enabled", true, "Turn on persistent storage")
-	dbDir := flag.String("db-dir", "db", "Database directory for Ava state")
+	db := fs.Bool("db-enabled", true, "Turn on persistent storage")
+	dbDir := fs.String("db-dir", "db", "Database directory for Ava state")
 
 	// IP:
-	consensusIP := flag.String("public-ip", "", "Public IP of this node")
+	consensusIP := fs.String("public-ip", "", "Public IP of this node")
 
 	// HTTP Server:
-	httpPort := flag.Uint("http-port", 9650, "Port of the HTTP server")
-	flag.BoolVar(&Config.EnableHTTPS, "http-tls-enabled", false, "Upgrade the HTTP server to HTTPs")
-	flag.StringVar(&Config.HTTPSKeyFile, "http-tls-key-file", "", "TLS private key file for the HTTPs server")
-	flag.StringVar(&Config.HTTPSCertFile, "http-tls-cert-file", "", "TLS certificate file for the HTTPs server")
+	httpPort := fs.Uint("http-port", 9650, "Port of the HTTP server")
+	fs.BoolVar(&Config.EnableHTTPS, "http-tls-enabled", false, "Upgrade the HTTP server to HTTPs")
+	fs.StringVar(&Config.HTTPSKeyFile, "http-tls-key-file", "", "TLS private key file for the HTTPs server")
+	fs.StringVar(&Config.HTTPSCertFile, "http-tls-cert-file", "", "TLS certificate file for the HTTPs server")
 
 	// Bootstrapping:
-	bootstrapIPs := flag.String("bootstrap-ips", "", "Comma separated list of bootstrap peer ips to connect to. Example: 127.0.0.1:9630,127.0.0.1:9631")
-	bootstrapIDs := flag.String("bootstrap-ids", "", "Comma separated list of bootstrap peer ids to connect to. Example: JR4dVmy6ffUGAKCBDkyCbeZbyHQBeDsET,8CrVPQZ4VSqgL8zTdvL14G8HqAfrBr4z")
+	bootstrapIPs := fs.String("bootstrap-ips", "default", "Comma separated list of bootstrap peer ips to connect to. Example: 127.0.0.1:9630,127.0.0.1:9631")
+	bootstrapIDs := fs.String("bootstrap-ids", "default", "Comma separated list of bootstrap peer ids to connect to. Example: JR4dVmy6ffUGAKCBDkyCbeZbyHQBeDsET,8CrVPQZ4VSqgL8zTdvL14G8HqAfrBr4z")
 
 	// Staking:
-	consensusPort := flag.Uint("staking-port", 9651, "Port of the consensus server")
-	flag.BoolVar(&Config.EnableStaking, "staking-tls-enabled", true, "Require TLS to authenticate staking connections")
-	flag.StringVar(&Config.StakingKeyFile, "staking-tls-key-file", "", "TLS private key file for staking connections")
-	flag.StringVar(&Config.StakingCertFile, "staking-tls-cert-file", "", "TLS certificate file for staking connections")
+	consensusPort := fs.Uint("staking-port", 9651, "Port of the consensus server")
+	fs.BoolVar(&Config.EnableStaking, "staking-tls-enabled", true, "Require TLS to authenticate staking connections")
+	fs.StringVar(&Config.StakingKeyFile, "staking-tls-key-file", "keys/staker.key", "TLS private key file for staking connections")
+	fs.StringVar(&Config.StakingCertFile, "staking-tls-cert-file", "keys/staker.crt", "TLS certificate file for staking connections")
+
+	// Plugins:
+	fs.StringVar(&Config.PluginDir, "plugin-dir", "./build/plugins", "Plugin directory for Ava VMs")
 
 	// Logging:
-	logsDir := flag.String("log-dir", "", "Logging directory for Ava")
-	logLevel := flag.String("log-level", "info", "The log level. Should be one of {verbo, debug, info, warn, error, fatal, off}")
-	logDisplayLevel := flag.String("log-display-level", "", "The log display level. If left blank, will inherit the value of log-level. Otherwise, should be one of {verbo, debug, info, warn, error, fatal, off}")
+	logsDir := fs.String("log-dir", "", "Logging directory for Ava")
+	logLevel := fs.String("log-level", "info", "The log level. Should be one of {verbo, debug, info, warn, error, fatal, off}")
+	logDisplayLevel := fs.String("log-display-level", "", "The log display level. If left blank, will inherit the value of log-level. Otherwise, should be one of {verbo, debug, info, warn, error, fatal, off}")
 
-	flag.IntVar(&Config.ConsensusParams.K, "snow-sample-size", 20, "Number of nodes to query for each network poll")
-	flag.IntVar(&Config.ConsensusParams.Alpha, "snow-quorum-size", 18, "Alpha value to use for required number positive results")
-	flag.IntVar(&Config.ConsensusParams.BetaVirtuous, "snow-virtuous-commit-threshold", 20, "Beta value to use for virtuous transactions")
-	flag.IntVar(&Config.ConsensusParams.BetaRogue, "snow-rogue-commit-threshold", 30, "Beta value to use for rogue transactions")
-	flag.IntVar(&Config.ConsensusParams.Parents, "snow-avalanche-num-parents", 5, "Number of vertexes for reference from each new vertex")
-	flag.IntVar(&Config.ConsensusParams.BatchSize, "snow-avalanche-batch-size", 30, "Number of operations to batch in each new vertex")
+	fs.IntVar(&Config.ConsensusParams.K, "snow-sample-size", 5, "Number of nodes to query for each network poll")
+	fs.IntVar(&Config.ConsensusParams.Alpha, "snow-quorum-size", 4, "Alpha value to use for required number positive results")
+	fs.IntVar(&Config.ConsensusParams.BetaVirtuous, "snow-virtuous-commit-threshold", 20, "Beta value to use for virtuous transactions")
+	fs.IntVar(&Config.ConsensusParams.BetaRogue, "snow-rogue-commit-threshold", 30, "Beta value to use for rogue transactions")
+	fs.IntVar(&Config.ConsensusParams.Parents, "snow-avalanche-num-parents", 5, "Number of vertexes for reference from each new vertex")
+	fs.IntVar(&Config.ConsensusParams.BatchSize, "snow-avalanche-batch-size", 30, "Number of operations to batch in each new vertex")
+	fs.IntVar(&Config.ConsensusParams.ConcurrentRepolls, "snow-concurrent-repolls", 1, "Minimum number of concurrent polls for finalizing consensus")
 
 	// Enable/Disable APIs:
-	flag.BoolVar(&Config.AdminAPIEnabled, "api-admin-enabled", true, "If true, this node exposes the Admin API")
-	flag.BoolVar(&Config.KeystoreAPIEnabled, "api-keystore-enabled", true, "If true, this node exposes the Keystore API")
-	flag.BoolVar(&Config.MetricsAPIEnabled, "api-metrics-enabled", true, "If true, this node exposes the Metrics API")
-	flag.BoolVar(&Config.IPCEnabled, "api-ipcs-enabled", false, "If true, IPCs can be opened")
+	fs.BoolVar(&Config.AdminAPIEnabled, "api-admin-enabled", true, "If true, this node exposes the Admin API")
+	fs.BoolVar(&Config.KeystoreAPIEnabled, "api-keystore-enabled", true, "If true, this node exposes the Keystore API")
+	fs.BoolVar(&Config.MetricsAPIEnabled, "api-metrics-enabled", true, "If true, this node exposes the Metrics API")
+	fs.BoolVar(&Config.IPCEnabled, "api-ipcs-enabled", false, "If true, IPCs can be opened")
 
 	// Throughput Server
-	throughputPort := flag.Uint("xput-server-port", 9652, "Port of the deprecated throughput test server")
-	flag.BoolVar(&Config.ThroughputServerEnabled, "xput-server-enabled", false, "If true, throughput test server is created")
+	throughputPort := fs.Uint("xput-server-port", 9652, "Port of the deprecated throughput test server")
+	fs.BoolVar(&Config.ThroughputServerEnabled, "xput-server-enabled", false, "If true, throughput test server is created")
 
-	flag.Parse()
+	ferr := fs.Parse(os.Args[1:])
+
+	if ferr == flag.ErrHelp {
+		// display usage/help text and exit successfully
+		os.Exit(0)
+	}
+
+	if ferr != nil {
+		// other type of error occurred when parsing args
+		os.Exit(2)
+	}
 
 	networkID, err := genesis.NetworkID(*networkName)
 	errs.Add(err)
 
-	if networkID != genesis.LocalID {
-		errs.Add(fmt.Errorf("the only supported networkID is: %s", genesis.LocalName))
-	}
-
 	Config.NetworkID = networkID
 
 	// DB:
@@ -123,13 +143,17 @@ func init() {
 		Config.DB = memdb.New()
 	}
 
-	Config.Nat = nat.Any()
+	Config.Nat = nat.NewRouter()
 
 	var ip net.IP
 	// If public IP is not specified, get it using shell command dig
 	if *consensusIP == "" {
-		ip, err = Config.Nat.ExternalIP()
-		errs.Add(fmt.Errorf("%s\nIf you are trying to create a local network, try adding --public-ip=127.0.0.1", err))
+		ip, err = Config.Nat.IP()
+		errs.Add(fmt.Errorf(
+			"%s\n"+
+				"If you are trying to create a local network, try adding --public-ip=127.0.0.1\n"+
+				"If you are attempting to connect to a public network, you may need to manually report your IP and perform port forwarding",
+			err))
 	} else {
 		ip = net.ParseIP(*consensusIP)
 	}
@@ -143,6 +167,9 @@ func init() {
 	}
 
 	// Bootstrapping:
+	if *bootstrapIPs == "default" {
+		*bootstrapIPs = strings.Join(GetIPs(networkID), ",")
+	}
 	for _, ip := range strings.Split(*bootstrapIPs, ",") {
 		if ip != "" {
 			addr, err := utils.ToIPDesc(ip)
@@ -152,6 +179,14 @@ func init() {
 			})
 		}
 	}
+
+	if *bootstrapIDs == "default" {
+		if *bootstrapIPs == "" {
+			*bootstrapIDs = ""
+		} else {
+			*bootstrapIDs = strings.Join(genesis.GetConfig(networkID).StakerIDs, ",")
+		}
+	}
 	if Config.EnableStaking {
 		i := 0
 		cb58 := formatting.CB58{}

nat/mapper.go

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+// (c) 2019-2020, Ava Labs, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package nat
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils/logging"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils/wrappers"
+)
+
+const (
+	defaultMappingTimeout        = 30 * time.Minute
+	defaultMappingUpdateInterval = 3 * defaultMappingTimeout / 4
+)
+
+// Mapper maps port
+type Mapper interface {
+	MapPort(newInternalPort, newExternalPort uint16) error
+	UnmapAllPorts() error
+}
+
+type mapper struct {
+	log                   logging.Logger
+	router                Router
+	networkProtocol       NetworkProtocol
+	mappingNames          string
+	mappingTimeout        time.Duration
+	mappingUpdateInterval time.Duration
+
+	closer  chan struct{}
+	wg      sync.WaitGroup
+	errLock sync.Mutex
+	errs    wrappers.Errs
+}
+
+// NewMapper returns a new mapper that can map ports on a router
+func NewMapper(
+	log logging.Logger,
+	router Router,
+	networkProtocol NetworkProtocol,
+	mappingNames string,
+	mappingTimeout time.Duration,
+	mappingUpdateInterval time.Duration,
+) Mapper {
+	return &mapper{
+		log:                   log,
+		router:                router,
+		networkProtocol:       networkProtocol,
+		mappingNames:          mappingNames,
+		mappingTimeout:        mappingTimeout,
+		mappingUpdateInterval: mappingUpdateInterval,
+		closer:                make(chan struct{}),
+	}
+}
+
+// NewDefaultMapper returns a new mapper that can map ports on a router with
+// default settings
+func NewDefaultMapper(
+	log logging.Logger,
+	router Router,
+	networkProtocol NetworkProtocol,
+	mappingNames string,
+) Mapper {
+	return NewMapper(
+		log,
+		router,
+		networkProtocol,
+		mappingNames,
+		defaultMappingTimeout,        // uses the default value
+		defaultMappingUpdateInterval, // uses the default value
+	)
+}
+
+// MapPort maps a local port to a port on the router until UnmapAllPorts is
+// called.
+func (m *mapper) MapPort(newInternalPort, newExternalPort uint16) error {
+	m.wg.Add(1)
+	go m.mapPort(newInternalPort, newExternalPort)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *mapper) mapPort(newInternalPort, newExternalPort uint16) {
+	// duration is set to 0 here so that the select case will execute
+	// immediately
+	updateTimer := time.NewTimer(0)
+	defer func() {
+		updateTimer.Stop()
+
+		m.errLock.Lock()
+		m.errs.Add(m.router.UnmapPort(
+			m.networkProtocol,
+			newInternalPort,
+			newExternalPort))
+		m.errLock.Unlock()
+
+		m.log.Debug("Unmapped external port %d to internal port %d",
+			newExternalPort,
+			newInternalPort)
+
+		m.wg.Done()
+	}()
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-updateTimer.C:
+			err := m.router.MapPort(
+				m.networkProtocol,
+				newInternalPort,
+				newExternalPort,
+				m.mappingNames,
+				m.mappingTimeout)
+
+			if err != nil {
+				m.errLock.Lock()
+				m.errs.Add(err)
+				m.errLock.Unlock()
+
+				m.log.Debug("Failed to add mapping from external port %d to internal port %d due to %s",
+					newExternalPort,
+					newInternalPort,
+					err)
+			} else {
+				m.log.Debug("Mapped external port %d to internal port %d",
+					newExternalPort,
+					newInternalPort)
+			}
+
+			// remap the port in m.mappingUpdateInterval
+			updateTimer.Reset(m.mappingUpdateInterval)
+		case _, _ = <-m.closer:
+			return // only return when all ports are unmapped
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (m *mapper) UnmapAllPorts() error {
+	close(m.closer)
+	m.wg.Wait()
+	return m.errs.Err
+}

nat/no_router.go

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// (c) 2019-2020, Ava Labs, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package nat
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"net"
+	"time"
+)
+
+var (
+	errNoRouter = errors.New("no nat enabled router was discovered")
+)
+
+type noRouter struct{}
+
+func (noRouter) MapPort(_ NetworkProtocol, _, _ uint16, _ string, _ time.Duration) error {
+	return errNoRouter
+}
+
+func (noRouter) UnmapPort(_ NetworkProtocol, _, _ uint16) error {
+	return errNoRouter
+}
+
+func (noRouter) IP() (net.IP, error) {
+	return nil, errNoRouter
+}

nat/pmp.go

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+// (c) 2019-2020, Ava Labs, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package nat
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/jackpal/gateway"
+	"github.com/jackpal/go-nat-pmp"
+)
+
+var (
+	pmpClientTimeout = 500 * time.Millisecond
+)
+
+// natPMPClient adapts the NAT-PMP protocol implementation so it conforms to
+// the common interface.
+type pmpClient struct {
+	client *natpmp.Client
+}
+
+func (pmp *pmpClient) MapPort(
+	networkProtocol NetworkProtocol,
+	newInternalPort uint16,
+	newExternalPort uint16,
+	mappingName string,
+	mappingDuration time.Duration) error {
+	protocol := string(networkProtocol)
+	internalPort := int(newInternalPort)
+	externalPort := int(newExternalPort)
+	// go-nat-pmp uses seconds to denote their lifetime
+	lifetime := int(mappingDuration / time.Second)
+
+	_, err := pmp.client.AddPortMapping(protocol, internalPort, externalPort, lifetime)
+	return err
+}
+
+func (pmp *pmpClient) UnmapPort(
+	networkProtocol NetworkProtocol,
+	internalPort uint16,
+	_ uint16) error {
+	protocol := string(networkProtocol)
+	internalPortInt := int(internalPort)
+
+	_, err := pmp.client.AddPortMapping(protocol, internalPortInt, 0, 0)
+	return err
+}
+
+func (pmp *pmpClient) IP() (net.IP, error) {
+	response, err := pmp.client.GetExternalAddress()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return response.ExternalIPAddress[:], nil
+}
+
+func getPMPRouter() Router {
+	gatewayIP, err := gateway.DiscoverGateway()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	pmp := &pmpClient{natpmp.NewClientWithTimeout(gatewayIP, pmpClientTimeout)}
+	if _, err := pmp.IP(); err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return pmp
+}

nat/router.go

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+// (c) 2019-2020, Ava Labs, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+// Package nat performs network address translation and provides helpers for
+// routing  ports.
+package nat
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// NetworkProtocol is a protocol that will be used through a port
+type NetworkProtocol string
+
+// Available protocol
+const (
+	TCP NetworkProtocol = "TCP"
+	UDP NetworkProtocol = "UDP"
+)
+
+// Router provides a standard NAT router functions. Specifically, allowing the
+// fetching of public IPs and port forwarding to this computer.
+type Router interface {
+	// mapPort creates a mapping between a port on the local computer to an
+	// external port on the router.
+	//
+	// The mappingName is something displayed on the router, so it is included
+	// for completeness.
+	MapPort(
+		networkProtocol NetworkProtocol,
+		newInternalPort uint16,
+		newExternalPort uint16,
+		mappingName string,
+		mappingDuration time.Duration) error
+
+	// UnmapPort clears a mapping that was previous made by a call to MapPort
+	UnmapPort(
+		networkProtocol NetworkProtocol,
+		internalPort uint16,
+		externalPort uint16) error
+
+	// Returns the routers IP address on the network the router considers
+	// external
+	IP() (net.IP, error)
+}
+
+// NewRouter returns a new router discovered on the local network
+func NewRouter() Router {
+	routers := make(chan Router)
+	// Because getting a router can take a noticeable amount of time to error,
+	// we run these requests in parallel
+	go func() {
+		routers <- getUPnPRouter()
+	}()
+	go func() {
+		routers <- getPMPRouter()
+	}()
+	for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
+		if router := <-routers; router != nil {
+			return router
+		}
+	}
+	return noRouter{}
+}

nat/upnp.go

@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+// (c) 2019-2020, Ava Labs, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package nat
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/huin/goupnp"
+	"github.com/huin/goupnp/dcps/internetgateway1"
+	"github.com/huin/goupnp/dcps/internetgateway2"
+)
+
+const (
+	soapTimeout = time.Second
+)
+
+var (
+	errNoGateway = errors.New("Failed to connect to any avaliable gateways")
+)
+
+// upnpClient is the interface used by goupnp for their client implementations
+type upnpClient interface {
+	// attempts to map connection using the provided protocol from the external
+	// port to the internal port for the lease duration.
+	AddPortMapping(
+		newRemoteHost string,
+		newExternalPort uint16,
+		newProtocol string,
+		newInternalPort uint16,
+		newInternalClient string,
+		newEnabled bool,
+		newPortMappingDescription string,
+		newLeaseDuration uint32) error
+
+	// attempt to remove any mapping from the external port.
+	DeletePortMapping(
+		newRemoteHost string,
+		newExternalPort uint16,
+		newProtocol string) error
+
+	// attempts to return the external IP address, formatted as a string.
+	GetExternalIPAddress() (ip string, err error)
+
+	// returns if there is rsip available, nat enabled, or an unexpected error.
+	GetNATRSIPStatus() (newRSIPAvailable bool, natEnabled bool, err error)
+}
+
+type upnpRouter struct {
+	root   *goupnp.RootDevice
+	client upnpClient
+}
+
+func (n *upnpRouter) MapPort(
+	networkProtocol NetworkProtocol,
+	newInternalPort uint16,
+	newExternalPort uint16,
+	mappingName string,
+	mappingDuration time.Duration,
+) error {
+	ip, err := n.localAddress()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	protocol := string(networkProtocol)
+	// goupnp uses seconds to denote their lifetime
+	lifetime := uint32(mappingDuration / time.Second)
+
+	// UnmapPort's error is intentionally dropped, because the mapping may not
+	// exist.
+	n.UnmapPort(networkProtocol, newInternalPort, newExternalPort)
+
+	return n.client.AddPortMapping(
+		"", // newRemoteHost isn't used to limit the mapping to a host
+		newExternalPort,
+		protocol,
+		newInternalPort,
+		ip.String(), // newInternalClient is the client traffic should be sent to
+		true,        // newEnabled enables port mappings
+		mappingName,
+		lifetime,
+	)
+}
+
+func (n *upnpRouter) UnmapPort(networkProtocol NetworkProtocol, _, externalPort uint16) error {
+	protocol := string(networkProtocol)
+	return n.client.DeletePortMapping(
+		"", // newRemoteHost isn't used to limit the mapping to a host
+		externalPort,
+		protocol)
+}
+
+func (n *upnpRouter) IP() (net.IP, error) {
+	ipStr, err := n.client.GetExternalIPAddress()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	ip := net.ParseIP(ipStr)
+	if ip == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid IP %s", ipStr)
+	}
+	return ip, nil
+}
+
+func (n *upnpRouter) localAddress() (net.IP, error) {
+	// attempt to get an address on the router
+	deviceAddr, err := net.ResolveUDPAddr("udp4", n.root.URLBase.Host)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	deviceIP := deviceAddr.IP
+
+	netInterfaces, err := net.Interfaces()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// attempt to find one of my ips that the router would know about
+	for _, netInterface := range netInterfaces {
+		addrs, err := netInterface.Addrs()
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		for _, addr := range addrs {
+			// this is pretty janky, but it seems to be the best way to get the
+			// ip mask and properly check if the ip references the device we are
+			// connected to
+			ipNet, ok := addr.(*net.IPNet)
+			if !ok {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			if ipNet.Contains(deviceIP) {
+				return ipNet.IP, nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("couldn't find the local address in the same network as %s", deviceIP)
+}
+
+// getUPnPRouter searches for all Gateway Devices that have avaliable
+// connections in the goupnp library and returns the first connection it can
+// find.
+func getUPnPRouter() Router {
+	routers := make(chan *upnpRouter)
+	// Because DiscoverDevices takes a noticeable amount of time to error, we
+	// run these requests in parallel
+	go func() {
+		routers <- connectToGateway(internetgateway1.URN_WANConnectionDevice_1, gateway1)
+	}()
+	go func() {
+		routers <- connectToGateway(internetgateway2.URN_WANConnectionDevice_2, gateway2)
+	}()
+	for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
+		if router := <-routers; router != nil {
+			return router
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func gateway1(client goupnp.ServiceClient) upnpClient {
+	switch client.Service.ServiceType {
+	case internetgateway1.URN_WANIPConnection_1:
+		return &internetgateway1.WANIPConnection1{ServiceClient: client}
+	case internetgateway1.URN_WANPPPConnection_1:
+		return &internetgateway1.WANPPPConnection1{ServiceClient: client}
+	default:
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+func gateway2(client goupnp.ServiceClient) upnpClient {
+	switch client.Service.ServiceType {
+	case internetgateway2.URN_WANIPConnection_1:
+		return &internetgateway2.WANIPConnection1{ServiceClient: client}
+	case internetgateway2.URN_WANIPConnection_2:
+		return &internetgateway2.WANIPConnection2{ServiceClient: client}
+	case internetgateway2.URN_WANPPPConnection_1:
+		return &internetgateway2.WANPPPConnection1{ServiceClient: client}
+	default:
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+func connectToGateway(deviceType string, toClient func(goupnp.ServiceClient) upnpClient) *upnpRouter {
+	devs, err := goupnp.DiscoverDevices(deviceType)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	// we are iterating over all the network devices, acting a possible roots
+	for i := range devs {
+		dev := &devs[i]
+		if dev.Root == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// the root device may be a router, so attempt to connect to that
+		rootDevice := &dev.Root.Device
+		if upnp := getRouter(dev, rootDevice, toClient); upnp != nil {
+			return upnp
+		}
+
+		// attempt to connect to any sub devices
+		devices := rootDevice.Devices
+		for i := range devices {
+			if upnp := getRouter(dev, &devices[i], toClient); upnp != nil {
+				return upnp
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func getRouter(rootDevice *goupnp.MaybeRootDevice, device *goupnp.Device, toClient func(goupnp.ServiceClient) upnpClient) *upnpRouter {
+	for i := range device.Services {
+		service := &device.Services[i]
+
+		soapClient := service.NewSOAPClient()
+		// make sure the client times out if needed
+		soapClient.HTTPClient.Timeout = soapTimeout
+
+		// attempt to create a client connection
+		serviceClient := goupnp.ServiceClient{
+			SOAPClient: soapClient,
+			RootDevice: rootDevice.Root,
+			Location:   rootDevice.Location,
+			Service:    service,
+		}
+		client := toClient(serviceClient)
+		if client == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// check whether port mapping is enabled
+		if _, nat, err := client.GetNATRSIPStatus(); err != nil || !nat {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// we found a router!
+		return &upnpRouter{
+			root:   rootDevice.Root,
+			client: client,
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}

networking/handshake_handlers.go

@@ -54,6 +54,13 @@ Periodically gossip peerlists.
 	stakers should be in the set).
 */
 
+/*
+Attempt reconnections
+ - If a non-staker disconnects, delete the connection
+ - If a staker disconnects, attempt to reconnect to the node for awhile. If the
+    node isn't connected to after awhile delete the connection.
+*/
+
 const (
 	// CurrentVersion this avalanche instance is executing.
 	CurrentVersion = "avalanche/0.0.1"
@@ -70,6 +77,9 @@ const (
 	// GetVersionTimeout is the amount of time to wait before sending a
 	// getVersion message to a partially connected peer
 	GetVersionTimeout = 2 * time.Second
+	// ReconnectTimeout is the amount of time to wait to reconnect to a staker
+	// before giving up
+	ReconnectTimeout = 1 * time.Minute
 )
 
 // Manager is the struct that will be accessed on event calls
@@ -100,6 +110,7 @@ type Handshake struct {
 	connections AddrCert // Connections that I think are connected
 
 	versionTimeout   timer.TimeoutManager
+	reconnectTimeout timer.TimeoutManager
 	peerListGossiper *timer.Repeater
 
 	awaitingLock sync.Mutex
@@ -143,6 +154,10 @@ func (nm *Handshake) Initialize(
 
 	nm.versionTimeout.Initialize(GetVersionTimeout)
 	go nm.log.RecoverAndPanic(nm.versionTimeout.Dispatch)
+
+	nm.reconnectTimeout.Initialize(ReconnectTimeout)
+	go nm.log.RecoverAndPanic(nm.reconnectTimeout.Dispatch)
+
 	nm.peerListGossiper = timer.NewRepeater(nm.gossipPeerList, PeerListGossipSpacing)
 	go nm.log.RecoverAndPanic(nm.peerListGossiper.Dispatch)
 }
@@ -290,6 +305,73 @@ func checkPeerCertificate(_ *C.struct_msgnetwork_conn_t, connected C.bool, _ uns
 	return connected
 }
 
+func (nm *Handshake) connectedToPeer(conn *C.struct_peernetwork_conn_t, addr salticidae.NetAddr) {
+	ip := toIPDesc(addr)
+	// If we're enforcing staking, use a peer's certificate to uniquely identify them
+	// Otherwise, use a hash of their ip to identify them
+	cert := ids.ShortID{}
+	ipCert := toShortID(ip)
+	if nm.enableStaking {
+		cert = getPeerCert(conn)
+	} else {
+		cert = ipCert
+	}
+
+	nm.log.Debug("Connected to %s", ip)
+
+	longCert := cert.LongID()
+	nm.reconnectTimeout.Remove(longCert)
+	nm.reconnectTimeout.Remove(ipCert.LongID())
+
+	nm.pending.Add(addr, cert)
+
+	handler := new(func())
+	*handler = func() {
+		if nm.pending.ContainsIP(addr) {
+			nm.SendGetVersion(addr)
+			nm.versionTimeout.Put(longCert, *handler)
+		}
+	}
+	(*handler)()
+}
+
+func (nm *Handshake) disconnectedFromPeer(addr salticidae.NetAddr) {
+	cert := ids.ShortID{}
+	if pendingCert, exists := nm.pending.GetID(addr); exists {
+		cert = pendingCert
+	} else if connectedCert, exists := nm.connections.GetID(addr); exists {
+		cert = connectedCert
+	} else {
+		return
+	}
+
+	nm.log.Info("Disconnected from %s", toIPDesc(addr))
+
+	longCert := cert.LongID()
+	if nm.vdrs.Contains(cert) {
+		nm.reconnectTimeout.Put(longCert, func() {
+			nm.net.DelPeer(addr)
+		})
+	} else {
+		nm.net.DelPeer(addr)
+	}
+	nm.versionTimeout.Remove(longCert)
+
+	if !nm.enableStaking {
+		nm.vdrs.Remove(cert)
+	}
+
+	nm.pending.RemoveIP(addr)
+	nm.connections.RemoveIP(addr)
+	nm.numPeers.Set(float64(nm.connections.Len()))
+
+	nm.awaitingLock.Lock()
+	defer nm.awaitingLock.Unlock()
+	for _, awaiting := range HandshakeNet.awaiting {
+		awaiting.Remove(cert)
+	}
+}
+
 // peerHandler notifies a change to the set of connected peers
 // connected is true if a new peer is connected
 // connected is false if a formerly connected peer has disconnected
@@ -298,68 +380,30 @@ func peerHandler(_conn *C.struct_peernetwork_conn_t, connected C.bool, _ unsafe.
 	pConn := salticidae.PeerNetworkConnFromC(salticidae.CPeerNetworkConn(_conn))
 	addr := pConn.GetPeerAddr(true)
 
-	ip := toIPDesc(addr)
-	if !connected {
-		if !HandshakeNet.enableStaking {
-			cert := toShortID(ip)
-			HandshakeNet.vdrs.Remove(cert)
-		}
-
-		cert := ids.ShortID{}
-		if pendingCert, exists := HandshakeNet.pending.GetID(addr); exists {
-			cert = pendingCert
-		} else if connectedCert, exists := HandshakeNet.connections.GetID(addr); exists {
-			cert = connectedCert
-		} else {
-			return
-		}
-
-		HandshakeNet.pending.RemoveIP(addr)
-		HandshakeNet.connections.RemoveIP(addr)
-
-		HandshakeNet.numPeers.Set(float64(HandshakeNet.connections.Len()))
-
-		HandshakeNet.log.Warn("Disconnected from %s", ip)
-
-		HandshakeNet.awaitingLock.Lock()
-		defer HandshakeNet.awaitingLock.Unlock()
-
-		for _, awaiting := range HandshakeNet.awaiting {
-			awaiting.Remove(cert)
-		}
-
-		return
-	}
-
-	HandshakeNet.log.Debug("Connected to %s", ip)
-
-	// If we're enforcing staking, use a peer's certificate to uniquely identify them
-	// Otherwise, use a hash of their ip to identify them
-	cert := ids.ShortID{}
-	if HandshakeNet.enableStaking {
-		cert = getPeerCert(_conn)
+	if connected {
+		HandshakeNet.connectedToPeer(_conn, addr)
 	} else {
-		cert = toShortID(ip)
+		HandshakeNet.disconnectedFromPeer(addr)
 	}
-	HandshakeNet.pending.Add(addr, cert)
-
-	certID := cert.LongID()
-	handler := new(func())
-	*handler = func() {
-		if HandshakeNet.pending.ContainsIP(addr) {
-			HandshakeNet.SendGetVersion(addr)
-			HandshakeNet.versionTimeout.Put(certID, *handler)
-		}
-	}
-	(*handler)()
 }
 
 // unknownPeerHandler notifies of an unknown peer connection attempt
 //export unknownPeerHandler
 func unknownPeerHandler(_addr *C.netaddr_t, _cert *C.x509_t, _ unsafe.Pointer) {
-	addr := salticidae.NetAddrFromC(salticidae.CNetAddr(_addr))
+	addr := salticidae.NetAddrFromC(salticidae.CNetAddr(_addr)).Copy(true)
 	ip := toIPDesc(addr)
 	HandshakeNet.log.Info("Adding peer %s", ip)
+
+	cert := ids.ShortID{}
+	if HandshakeNet.enableStaking {
+		cert = getCert(salticidae.X509FromC(salticidae.CX509(_cert)))
+	} else {
+		cert = toShortID(ip)
+	}
+
+	HandshakeNet.reconnectTimeout.Put(cert.LongID(), func() {
+		HandshakeNet.net.DelPeer(addr)
+	})
 	HandshakeNet.net.AddPeer(addr)
 }
 
@@ -522,16 +566,20 @@ func peerList(_msg *C.struct_msg_t, _conn *C.struct_msgnetwork_conn_t, _ unsafe.
 	cErr := salticidae.NewError()
 	for _, ip := range ips {
 		HandshakeNet.log.Verbo("Trying to adding peer %s", ip)
-		addr := salticidae.NewNetAddrFromIPPortString(ip.String(), false, &cErr)
+		addr := salticidae.NewNetAddrFromIPPortString(ip.String(), true, &cErr)
 		if cErr.GetCode() == 0 && !HandshakeNet.myAddr.IsEq(addr) { // Make sure not to connect to myself
 			ip := toIPDesc(addr)
+			ipCert := toShortID(ip)
 
 			if !HandshakeNet.pending.ContainsIP(addr) && !HandshakeNet.connections.ContainsIP(addr) {
 				HandshakeNet.log.Debug("Adding peer %s", ip)
+
+				HandshakeNet.reconnectTimeout.Put(ipCert.LongID(), func() {
+					HandshakeNet.net.DelPeer(addr)
+				})
 				HandshakeNet.net.AddPeer(addr)
 			}
 		}
-		addr.Free()
 	}
 }
 

networking/voting_handlers.go

@@ -366,9 +366,9 @@ func (s *Voting) PullQuery(validatorIDs ids.ShortSet, chainID ids.ID, requestID
 		vID := validatorID
 		if addr, exists := s.conns.GetIP(vID); exists {
 			addrs = append(addrs, addr)
-			s.log.Verbo("Sending a PushQuery to %s", toIPDesc(addr))
+			s.log.Verbo("Sending a PullQuery to %s", toIPDesc(addr))
 		} else {
-			s.log.Warn("Attempted to send a PushQuery message to a disconnected validator: %s", vID)
+			s.log.Warn("Attempted to send a PullQuery message to a disconnected validator: %s", vID)
 			s.executor.Add(func() { s.router.QueryFailed(vID, chainID, requestID) })
 		}
 	}

networking/xputtest/issuer.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/ids"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/snow"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/snow/choices"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils/logging"
 )
 
 type issuableVM interface {
@@ -17,17 +18,18 @@ type issuableVM interface {
 
 // Issuer manages all the chain transaction flushing.
 type Issuer struct {
-	lock  sync.Mutex
-	vms   map[[32]byte]issuableVM
-	locks map[[32]byte]sync.Locker
-
+	lock      sync.Mutex
+	log       logging.Logger
+	vms       map[[32]byte]issuableVM
+	locks     map[[32]byte]sync.Locker
 	callbacks chan func()
 }
 
 // Initialize this flusher
-func (i *Issuer) Initialize() {
+func (i *Issuer) Initialize(log logging.Logger) {
 	i.lock.Lock()
 	defer i.lock.Unlock()
+	i.log = log
 	i.vms = make(map[[32]byte]issuableVM)
 	i.locks = make(map[[32]byte]sync.Locker)
 	i.callbacks = make(chan func(), 1000)
@@ -64,8 +66,12 @@ func (i *Issuer) IssueTx(chainID ids.ID, tx []byte, finalized func(choices.Statu
 			lock.Lock()
 			defer lock.Unlock()
 			if vm, exists := i.vms[key]; exists {
-				vm.IssueTx(tx, finalized)
+				if _, err := vm.IssueTx(tx, finalized); err != nil {
+					i.log.Error("Issuing the tx returned with %s unexpectedly", err)
+				}
 			}
 		}
+	} else {
+		i.log.Warn("Attempted to issue a Tx to an unsupported chain %s", chainID)
 	}
 }

node/config.go

@@ -4,9 +4,8 @@
 package node
 
 import (
-	"github.com/ava-labs/go-ethereum/p2p/nat"
-
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/database"
+	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/nat"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/snow/consensus/avalanche"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/snow/networking/router"
 	"github.com/ava-labs/gecko/utils"
@@ -16,7 +15,7 @@ import (
 // Config contains all of the configurations of an Ava node.
 type Config struct {
 	// protocol to use for opening the network interface
-	Nat nat.Interface
+	Nat nat.Router
 
 	// ID of the network this node should connect to
 	NetworkID uint32
@@ -56,6 +55,9 @@ type Config struct {
 	// Logging configuration
 	LoggingConfig logging.Config
 
+	// Plugin directory
+	PluginDir string
+
 	// Consensus configuration
 	ConsensusParams avalanche.Parameters