dead pid auto tune

This commit is contained in:
Matthew Kennedy 2023-11-01 16:52:28 -04:00 committed by rusefillc
parent 45c4c9d6b3
commit 2c049d206a
8 changed files with 0 additions and 1287 deletions

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@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
#if EFI_BOOST_CONTROL
#include "boost_control.h"
#include "pid_auto_tune.h"
#include "electronic_throttle.h"
#define NO_PIN_PERIOD 500

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@ -64,7 +64,6 @@
#include "dc_motor.h"
#include "dc_motors.h"
#include "pid_auto_tune.h"
#include "defaults.h"
#if defined(HAS_OS_ACCESS)

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@ -517,24 +517,6 @@ typedef enum __attribute__ ((__packed__)) {
} tChargeMode_e;
// peak type
typedef enum {
MINIMUM = -1,
NOT_A_PEAK = 0,
MAXIMUM = 1
} PidAutoTune_Peak;
// auto tuner state
typedef enum {
AUTOTUNER_OFF = 0,
STEADY_STATE_AT_BASELINE = 1,
STEADY_STATE_AFTER_STEP_UP = 2,
RELAY_STEP_UP = 4,
RELAY_STEP_DOWN = 8,
CONVERGED = 16,
FAILED = 128
} PidAutoTune_AutoTunerState;
typedef enum __attribute__ ((__packed__)) {
INIT = 0,
TPS_THRESHOLD = 1,

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@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
CONTROLLERS_MATH_SRC_CPP = $(PROJECT_DIR)/controllers/math/engine_math.cpp \
$(PROJECT_DIR)/controllers/math/pid_auto_tune.cpp \
$(PROJECT_DIR)/controllers/math/speed_density.cpp \
$(PROJECT_DIR)/controllers/math/closed_loop_fuel.cpp \
$(PROJECT_DIR)/controllers/math/closed_loop_fuel_cell.cpp \

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@ -1,855 +0,0 @@
/*
* pid_auto_tune.cpp
*
* See https://github.com/br3ttb/Arduino-PID-AutoTune-Library/blob/master/PID_AutoTune_v0/PID_AutoTune_v0.cpp
* See https://github.com/t0mpr1c3/Arduino-PID-AutoTune-Library/blob/master/PID_AutoTune_v0/PID_AutoTune_v0.cpp
*
*
* Created on: Sep 13, 2017
*/
// source of Tyreus-Luyben and Ciancone-Marlin rules:
// "Autotuning of PID Controllers: A Relay Feedback Approach",
// by Cheng-Ching Yu, 2nd Edition, p.18
// Tyreus-Luyben is more conservative than Ziegler-Nichols
// and is preferred for lag dominated processes
// Ciancone-Marlin is preferred for delay dominated processes
// Ziegler-Nichols is intended for best disturbance rejection
// can lack robustness especially for lag dominated processes
// source for Pessen Integral, Some Overshoot, and No Overshoot rules:
// "Rule-Based Autotuning Based on Frequency Domain Identification"
// by Anthony S. McCormack and Keith R. Godfrey
// IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, vol 6 no 1, January 1998.
// as reported on http://www.mstarlabs.com/control/znrule.html
#include "pch.h"
#include "pid_auto_tune.h"
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
extern bool verboseMode;
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
// see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziegler%E2%80%93Nichols_method
// order must be match enumerated type for auto tune methods
Tuning tuningRule[PID_AutoTune::NO_OVERSHOOT_PID + 1] =
{
{ { 44, 24, 0 } }, // ZIEGLER_NICHOLS_PI
{ { 34, 40, 160 } }, // ZIEGLER_NICHOLS_PID
{ { 64, 9, 0 } }, // TYREUS_LUYBEN_PI
{ { 44, 9, 126 } }, // TYREUS_LUYBEN_PID
{ { 66, 80, 0 } }, // CIANCONE_MARLIN_PI
{ { 66, 88, 162 } }, // CIANCONE_MARLIN_PID
{ { 28, 50, 133 } }, // PESSEN_INTEGRAL_PID
{ { 60, 40, 60 } }, // SOME_OVERSHOOT_PID
{ { 100, 40, 60 } } // NO_OVERSHOOT_PID
};
PID_AutoTune::PID_AutoTune() {
reset();
}
void PID_AutoTune::Cancel()
{
state = AUTOTUNER_OFF;
}
void PID_AutoTune::reset() {
controlType = ZIEGLER_NICHOLS_PID;
noiseBand = 0.5;
state = AUTOTUNER_OFF; // cannot invoke setter here since logger is not initialized yet
oStep = 10.0;
memset(lastPeaks, 0, sizeof(lastPeaks));
memset(lastInputs, 0, sizeof(lastInputs));
logger = nullptr;
input = output = 0;
SetLookbackSec(10);
}
void PID_AutoTune::SetLookbackSec(int value)
{
if (value < 1)
{
value = 1;
}
if (value < 25)
{
nLookBack = value * 4;
sampleTime = 250;
}
else
{
nLookBack = 100;
sampleTime = value * 10;
}
}
double inline PID_AutoTune::fastArcTan(double x)
{
// source: <20>Efficient approximations for the arctangent function<6F>, Rajan, S. Sichun Wang Inkol, R. Joyal, A., May 2006
//return CONST_PI / 4.0 * x - x * (abs(x) - 1.0) * (0.2447 + 0.0663 * abs(x));
// source: "Understanding Digital Signal Processing", 2nd Ed, Richard G. Lyons, eq. 13-107
return x / (1.0 + 0.28125 * pow(x, 2));
}
double PID_AutoTune::calculatePhaseLag(double p_inducedAmplitude)
{
// calculate phase lag
// NB hysteresis = 2 * noiseBand;
double ratio = 2.0 * workingNoiseBand / p_inducedAmplitude;
if (ratio > 1.0)
{
return CONST_PI / 2.0;
}
else
{
//return CONST_PI - asin(ratio);
return CONST_PI - fastArcTan(ratio / sqrt( 1.0 - pow(ratio, 2)));
}
}
void PID_AutoTune::setState(PidAutoTune_AutoTunerState p_state) {
this->state = p_state;
efiPrintf("setState %s", getPidAutoTune_AutoTunerState(state));
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
if (verboseMode)
printf("setState %s\r\n", getPidAutoTune_AutoTunerState(state));
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
}
void PID_AutoTune::setPeakType(PidAutoTune_Peak p_peakType) {
this->peakType = p_peakType;
efiPrintf("setPeakType %s", getPidAutoTune_Peak(peakType));
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
if (verboseMode)
printf("peakType %s\r\n", getPidAutoTune_Peak(peakType));
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
}
/**
* returns true when done, otherwise returns false
*/
bool PID_AutoTune::Runtime(Logging *p_logger)
{
this->logger = p_logger; // a bit lazy but good enough
// check ready for new input
unsigned long now = getTimeNowMs();
if (state == AUTOTUNER_OFF)
{
// initialize working variables the first time around
setPeakType(NOT_A_PEAK);
inputCount = 0;
peakCount = 0;
setpoint = input;
outputStart = output;
lastPeakTime[0] = now;
workingNoiseBand = noiseBand;
newWorkingNoiseBand = noiseBand;
workingOutputstep = oStep;
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_RELAY_BIAS)
relayBias = 0.0;
stepCount = 0;
lastStepTime[0] = now;
sumInputSinceLastStep[0] = 0.0;
#endif
// move to new state
if (controlType == AMIGOF_PI)
{
setState(STEADY_STATE_AT_BASELINE);
}
else
{
efiPrintf("starting...");
setState(RELAY_STEP_UP);
}
}
// otherwise check ready for new input
else if ((now - lastTime) < sampleTime)
{
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
if (verboseMode)
printf("too soon for new input %d %d %d\r\n", now, lastTime, sampleTime);
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
efiPrintf("AT skipping now=%d %d %d", now, lastTime, sampleTime);
return false;
}
// get new input
lastTime = now;
double refVal = input;
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_RELAY_BIAS)
// used to calculate relay bias
sumInputSinceLastStep[0] += refVal;
#endif
// local flag variable
bool justChanged = false;
// check input and change relay state if necessary
if ((state == RELAY_STEP_UP) && (refVal > setpoint + workingNoiseBand))
{
efiPrintf("noise crossed up %f s=%f n=%f", refVal, setpoint, workingNoiseBand);
setState(RELAY_STEP_DOWN);
justChanged = true;
}
else if ((state == RELAY_STEP_DOWN) && (refVal < setpoint - workingNoiseBand))
{
efiPrintf("noise crossed down %f s=%f n=%f", refVal, setpoint, workingNoiseBand);
setState(RELAY_STEP_UP);
justChanged = true;
}
if (justChanged)
{
workingNoiseBand = newWorkingNoiseBand;
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_RELAY_BIAS)
// check symmetry of oscillation
// and introduce relay bias if necessary
if (stepCount > 4)
{
double avgStep1 = 0.5 * (double) ((lastStepTime[0] - lastStepTime[1]) + (lastStepTime[2] - lastStepTime[3]));
double avgStep2 = 0.5 * (double) ((lastStepTime[1] - lastStepTime[2]) + (lastStepTime[3] - lastStepTime[4]));
if ((avgStep1 > 1e-10) && (avgStep2 > 1e-10))
{
double asymmetry = (avgStep1 > avgStep2) ?
(avgStep1 - avgStep2) / avgStep1 : (avgStep2 - avgStep1) / avgStep2;
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_DEBUG)
Serial.print(F("asymmetry "));
Serial.println(asymmetry);
#endif /* AUTOTUNE_DEBUG */
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
if (verboseMode) {
printf("asymmetry=%f\r\n", asymmetry);
}
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
if (asymmetry > AUTOTUNE_STEP_ASYMMETRY_TOLERANCE)
{
// relay steps are asymmetric
// calculate relay bias using
// "Autotuning of PID Controllers: A Relay Feedback Approach",
// by Cheng-Ching Yu, 2nd Edition, equation 7.39, p. 148
// calculate change in relay bias
double deltaRelayBias = - processValueOffset(avgStep1, avgStep2) * workingOstep;
if (state == RELAY_STEP_DOWN)
{
deltaRelayBias = -deltaRelayBias;
}
if (abs(deltaRelayBias) > workingOstep * AUTOTUNE_STEP_ASYMMETRY_TOLERANCE)
{
// change is large enough to bother with
relayBias += deltaRelayBias;
/*
// adjust step height with respect to output limits
// commented out because the auto tuner does not
// necessarily know what the output limits are
double relayHigh = outputStart + workingOstep + relayBias;
double relayLow = outputStart - workingOstep + relayBias;
if (relayHigh > outMax)
{
relayHigh = outMax;
}
if (relayLow < outMin)
{
relayHigh = outMin;
}
workingOstep = 0.5 * (relayHigh - relayLow);
relayBias = relayHigh - outputStart - workingOstep;
*/
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_DEBUG)
Serial.print(F("deltaRelayBias "));
Serial.println(deltaRelayBias);
Serial.print(F("relayBias "));
Serial.println(relayBias);
#endif /* AUTOTUNE_DEBUG */
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
if (verboseMode) {
printf("deltaRelayBias=%f relayBias=%f\r\n", deltaRelayBias, relayBias);
}
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
// reset relay step counter
// to give the process value oscillation
// time to settle with the new relay bias value
stepCount = 0;
}
}
}
}
// shift step time and integrated process value arrays
for (byte i = (stepCount > 4 ? 4 : stepCount); i > 0; i--)
{
lastStepTime[i] = lastStepTime[i - 1];
sumInputSinceLastStep[i] = sumInputSinceLastStep[i - 1];
}
stepCount++;
lastStepTime[0] = now;
sumInputSinceLastStep[0] = 0.0;
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_DEBUG)
for (byte i = 1; i < (stepCount > 4 ? 5 : stepCount); i++)
{
Serial.print(F("step time "));
Serial.println(lastStepTime[i]);
Serial.print(F("step sum "));
Serial.println(sumInputSinceLastStep[i]);
}
#endif /* AUTOTUNE_DEBUG */
#endif // if defined AUTOTUNE_RELAY_BIAS
} // if justChanged
// set output
// FIXME need to respect output limits
// not knowing output limits is one reason
// to pass entire PID object to autotune method(s)
if (((byte) state & (STEADY_STATE_AFTER_STEP_UP | RELAY_STEP_UP)) > 0)
{
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_RELAY_BIAS)
setOutput(outputStart + workingOstep + relayBias);
#else
efiPrintf("AT adding %f", workingOutputstep);
setOutput(outputStart + workingOutputstep);
#endif
}
else if (state == RELAY_STEP_DOWN)
{
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_RELAY_BIAS)
setOutput(outputStart - workingOstep + relayBias);
#else
efiPrintf("AT subtracting %f", workingOutputstep);
setOutput(outputStart - workingOutputstep);
#endif
}
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_DEBUG)
Serial.print(F("refVal "));
Serial.println(refVal);
Serial.print(F("setpoint "));
Serial.println(setpoint);
Serial.print(F("output "));
Serial.println(output);
Serial.print(F("state "));
Serial.println(state);
#endif
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
if (verboseMode) {
printf("setpoint=%f refVal=%f\r\n", setpoint, refVal);
}
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
// store initial inputs
// we don't want to trust the maxes or mins
// until the input array is full
inputCount++;
if (inputCount <= nLookBack)
{
lastInputs[nLookBack - inputCount] = refVal;
efiPrintf("AT need more data %d %d", inputCount, nLookBack);
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
if (verboseMode) {
printf("need more data %d %d\r\n", inputCount, nLookBack);
}
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
return false;
}
// shift array of process values and identify peaks
inputCount = nLookBack;
bool isMax = true;
bool isMin = true;
for (int i = inputCount - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
double val = lastInputs[i];
if (isMax)
{
isMax = (refVal >= val);
}
if (isMin)
{
isMin = (refVal <= val);
}
lastInputs[i + 1] = val;
}
lastInputs[0] = refVal;
efiPrintf("isMin=%d isMax=%d", isMin, isMax);
// for AMIGOf tuning rule, perform an initial
// step change to calculate process gain K_process
// this may be very slow for lag-dominated processes
// and may never terminate for integrating processes
if (((byte) state & (STEADY_STATE_AT_BASELINE | STEADY_STATE_AFTER_STEP_UP)) > 0)
{
// check that all the recent inputs are
// equal give or take expected noise
double iMax = lastInputs[0];
double iMin = lastInputs[0];
double avgInput = 0.0;
for (byte i = 0; i <= inputCount; i++)
{
double val = lastInputs[i];
if (iMax < val)
{
iMax = val;
}
if (iMin > val)
{
iMin = val;
}
avgInput += val;
}
avgInput /= (double)(inputCount + 1);
#if defined(AUTOTUNE_DEBUG) || EFI_UNIT_TEST
bool stable = (iMax - iMin) <= 2.0 * workingNoiseBand;
#endif
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_DEBUG)
Serial.print(F("iMax "));
Serial.println(iMax);
Serial.print(F("iMin "));
Serial.println(iMin);
Serial.print(F("avgInput "));
Serial.println(avgInput);
Serial.print(F("stable "));
Serial.println(stable);
#endif
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
if (verboseMode) {
printf("iMax=%f iMin=%f\r\n", iMax, iMin);
printf("avgInput=%f stable=%d\r\n", avgInput, stable);
}
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
// if recent inputs are stable
if ((iMax - iMin) <= 2.0 * workingNoiseBand)
{
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_RELAY_BIAS)
lastStepTime[0] = now;
#endif
if (state == STEADY_STATE_AT_BASELINE)
{
setState(STEADY_STATE_AFTER_STEP_UP);
lastPeaks[0] = avgInput;
inputCount = 0;
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
if (verboseMode) {
printf(":( 3\r\n");
}
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
return false;
}
// else state == STEADY_STATE_AFTER_STEP_UP
// calculate process gain
K_process = (avgInput - lastPeaks[0]) / workingOutputstep;
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_DEBUG)
Serial.print(F("Process gain "));
Serial.println(K_process);
#endif
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
if (verboseMode) {
printf("K_process=%f\r\n", K_process);
}
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
// bad estimate of process gain
if (K_process < 1e-10) // zero
{
setState(AUTOTUNER_OFF);
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
printf(":( 4\r\n");
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
return false;
}
setState(RELAY_STEP_DOWN);
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_RELAY_BIAS)
sumInputSinceLastStep[0] = 0.0;
#endif
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
printf(":( 5\r\n");
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
return false;
}
else
{
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
printf(":( 6\r\n");
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
return false;
}
}
// increment peak count
// and record peak time
// for both maxima and minima
justChanged = false;
if (isMax)
{
if (peakType == MINIMUM)
{
justChanged = true;
}
setPeakType(MAXIMUM);
}
else if (isMin)
{
if (peakType == MAXIMUM)
{
justChanged = true;
}
setPeakType(MINIMUM);
}
// update peak times and values
if (justChanged)
{
peakCount++;
efiPrintf("peakCount=%d", peakCount);
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_DEBUG)
Serial.println(F("peakCount "));
Serial.println(peakCount);
Serial.println(F("peaks"));
for (byte i = 0; i < (peakCount > 4 ? 5 : peakCount); i++)
{
Serial.println(lastPeaks[i]);
}
#endif
// shift peak time and peak value arrays
for (byte i = (peakCount > 4 ? 4 : peakCount); i > 0; i--)
{
lastPeakTime[i] = lastPeakTime[i - 1];
lastPeaks[i] = lastPeaks[i - 1];
}
}
if (isMax || isMin)
{
lastPeakTime[0] = now;
lastPeaks[0] = refVal;
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_DEBUG)
Serial.println();
Serial.println(F("peakCount "));
Serial.println(peakCount);
Serial.println(F("refVal "));
Serial.println(refVal);
Serial.print(F("peak type "));
Serial.println(peakType);
Serial.print(F("isMin "));
Serial.println(isMin);
Serial.print(F("isMax "));
Serial.println(isMax);
Serial.println();
Serial.println(F("lastInputs:"));
for (byte i = 0; i <= inputCount; i++)
{
Serial.println(lastInputs[i]);
}
Serial.println();
#endif
}
// check for convergence of induced oscillation
// convergence of amplitude assessed on last 4 peaks (1.5 cycles)
double inducedAmplitude = 0.0;
double phaseLag;
if (
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_RELAY_BIAS)
(stepCount > STEPCOUNT - 1) &&
#endif
justChanged &&
(peakCount > STEPCOUNT - 1)
)
{
double absMax = lastPeaks[1];
double absMin = lastPeaks[1];
for (byte i = 2; i < STEPCOUNT; i++)
{
double val = lastPeaks[i];
inducedAmplitude += abs( val - lastPeaks[i - 1]);
if (absMax < val)
{
absMax = val;
}
if (absMin > val)
{
absMin = val;
}
}
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
this->absMax = absMax;
this->absMin = absMin;
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
inducedAmplitude /= 6.0;
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_DEBUG)
Serial.print(F("amplitude "));
Serial.println(inducedAmplitude);
Serial.print(F("absMin "));
Serial.println(absMin);
Serial.print(F("absMax "));
Serial.println(absMax);
Serial.print(F("convergence criterion "));
Serial.println((0.5 * (absMax - absMin) - inducedAmplitude) / inducedAmplitude);
#endif
// source for AMIGOf PI auto tuning method:
// "Revisiting the Ziegler-Nichols tuning rules for PI control <20>
// Part II. The frequency response method."
// T. Hagglund and K. J. Astrom
// Asian Journal of Control, Vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 469-482, December 2004
// http://www.ajc.org.tw/pages/paper/6.4PD/AC0604-P469-FR0371.pdf
if (controlType == AMIGOF_PI)
{
phaseLag = calculatePhaseLag(inducedAmplitude);
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_DEBUG)
Serial.print(F("phase lag "));
Serial.println(phaseLag / CONST_PI * 180.0);
#endif
// check that phase lag is within acceptable bounds, ideally between 120<32> and 140<34>
// but 115<31> to 145<34> will just about do, and might converge quicker
if (abs(phaseLag - CONST_PI * 130.0 / 180.0) > (CONST_PI * 15.0 / 180.0))
{
// phase lag outside the desired range
// set noiseBand to new estimate
// aiming for 135<33> = 0.75 * pi (radians)
// sin(135<33>) = sqrt(2)/2
// NB noiseBand = 0.5 * hysteresis
newWorkingNoiseBand = 0.5 * inducedAmplitude * CONST_SQRT2_DIV_2;
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_RELAY_BIAS)
// we could reset relay step counter because we can't rely
// on constant phase lag for calculating
// relay bias having changed noiseBand
// but this would essentially preclude using relay bias
// with AMIGOf tuning, which is already a compile option
/*
stepCount = 0;
*/
#endif
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_DEBUG)
Serial.print(F("newWorkingNoiseBand "));
Serial.println(newWorkingNoiseBand);
#endif
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
printf(":( 7\r\n");
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
return false;
}
}
// check convergence criterion for amplitude of induced oscillation
if (((0.5 * (absMax - absMin) - inducedAmplitude) / inducedAmplitude) < AUTOTUNE_PEAK_AMPLITUDE_TOLERANCE)
{
setState(CONVERGED);
}
}
bool tooManyCycles = peakCount >= 20;
bool tooLongBetween = ((now - lastPeakTime[0]) > (unsigned long) (AUTOTUNE_MAX_WAIT_MINUTES * 60000));
// if the autotune has not already converged
// terminate after 10 cycles
// or if too long between peaks
// or if too long between relay steps
if (
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_RELAY_BIAS)
((now - lastStepTime[0]) > (unsigned long) (AUTOTUNE_MAX_WAIT_MINUTES * 60000)) ||
#endif
tooLongBetween ||
tooManyCycles
)
{
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
printf("tooManyCycles=%d tooLongBetween=%d\r\n", tooManyCycles, tooLongBetween);
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
setState(FAILED);
}
if (((byte) state & (CONVERGED | FAILED)) == 0)
{
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
if (verboseMode) {
printf(":( 1 state=%s\r\n", getPidAutoTune_AutoTunerState(state));
}
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
return false;
}
// autotune algorithm has terminated
// reset autotuner variables
efiPrintf("AT done");
setOutput( outputStart);
if (state == FAILED)
{
// do not calculate gain parameters
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_DEBUG)
Serial.println("failed");
#endif
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
printf("failed\r\n");
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
return true;
}
// finish up by calculating tuning parameters
// calculate ultimate gain
double Ku = 4.0 * workingOutputstep / (inducedAmplitude * CONST_PI);
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_DEBUG)
Serial.print(F("ultimate gain "));
Serial.println(1.0 / Ku);
Serial.println(Ku);
#endif
// calculate ultimate period in seconds
double Pu = (double) 0.5 * ((lastPeakTime[1] - lastPeakTime[3]) + (lastPeakTime[2] - lastPeakTime[4])) / 1000.0;
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_DEBUG)
Serial.print(F("ultimate period "));
Serial.println(Pu);
#endif
// calculate gain parameters using tuning rules
// NB PID generally outperforms PI for lag-dominated processes
// AMIGOf is slow to tune, especially for lag-dominated processes, because it
// requires an estimate of the process gain which is implemented in this
// routine by steady state change in process variable after step change in set point
// It is intended to give robust tunings for both lag- and delay- dominated processes
if (controlType == AMIGOF_PI)
{
// calculate gain ratio
double kappa_phi = (1.0 / Ku) / K_process;
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_DEBUG)
Serial.print(F("gain ratio kappa "));
Serial.println(kappa_phi);
#endif
// calculate phase lag
phaseLag = calculatePhaseLag(inducedAmplitude);
#if defined (AUTOTUNE_DEBUG)
Serial.print(F("phase lag "));
Serial.println(phaseLag / CONST_PI * 180.0);
#endif
// calculate tunings
Kp = (( 2.50 - 0.92 * phaseLag) / (1.0 + (10.75 - 4.01 * phaseLag) * kappa_phi)) * Ku;
Ti = ((-3.05 + 1.72 * phaseLag) / pow(1.0 + (-6.10 + 3.44 * phaseLag) * kappa_phi, 2)) * Pu;
Td = 0.0;
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
printf("Happy end AMIGOF_PI!\r\n");
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
efiPrintf("output %f", output);
// converged
return true;
}
Kp = Ku / (double) tuningRule[controlType].divisor(KP_DIVISOR);
Ti = Pu / (double) tuningRule[controlType].divisor(TI_DIVISOR);
Td = tuningRule[controlType].PI_controller() ?
0.0 : Pu / (double) tuningRule[controlType].divisor(TD_DIVISOR);
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
printf("Happy end!\r\n");
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
// converged
return true;
}
float PID_AutoTune::GetKp() const
{
return Kp;
}
float PID_AutoTune::GetKi() const
{
return Kp / Ti;
}
float PID_AutoTune::GetKd() const
{
return Kp * Td;
}
void PID_AutoTune::setOutput(float p_output) {
this->output = p_output;
efiPrintf("setOutput %f %s", output, getPidAutoTune_AutoTunerState(state));
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
if (verboseMode) {
printf("output=%f\r\n", output);
}
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
}
void PID_AutoTune::SetOutputStep(double Step)
{
oStep = Step;
}
double PID_AutoTune::GetOutputStep() const
{
return oStep;
}
void PID_AutoTune::SetControlType(byte type)
{
controlType = type;
}
byte PID_AutoTune::GetControlType() const
{
return controlType;
}

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@ -1,190 +0,0 @@
/*
* pid_auto_tune.h
*
* http://brettbeauregard.com/blog/2012/01/arduino-pid-autotune-library/
* https://www.ripublication.com/ijeer17/ijeerv9n6_02.pdf
*
*
* Created on: Sep 13, 2017
* @author Andrey Belomutskiy, (c) 2012-2020
*/
#pragma once
#include "global.h"
// that's a weird piece of code for sure
#ifndef byte
typedef unsigned char byte;
#endif
// irrational constants
#define CONST_SQRT2_DIV_2 0.70710678118654752440
// verbose debug option
#undef AUTOTUNE_DEBUG
// defining this option implements relay bias
// this is useful to adjust the relay output values
// during the auto tuning to recover symmetric
// oscillations
// this can compensate for load disturbance
// and equivalent signals arising from nonlinear
// or non-stationary processes
// any improvement in the tunings seems quite modest
// but sometimes unbalanced oscillations can be
// persuaded to converge where they might not
// otherwise have done so
#undef AUTOTUNE_RELAY_BIAS
// average amplitude of successive peaks must differ by no more than this proportion
// relative to half the difference between maximum and minimum of last 2 cycles
#define AUTOTUNE_PEAK_AMPLITUDE_TOLERANCE 0.05
// ratio of up/down relay step duration should differ by no more than this tolerance
// biasing the relay con give more accurate estimates of the tuning parameters but
// setting the tolerance too low will prolong the autotune procedure unnecessarily
// this parameter also sets the minimum bias in the relay as a proportion of its amplitude
#define AUTOTUNE_STEP_ASYMMETRY_TOLERANCE 0.20
// auto tune terminates if waiting too long between peaks or relay steps
// set larger value for processes with long delays or time constants
#define AUTOTUNE_MAX_WAIT_MINUTES 5
// Ziegler-Nichols type auto tune rules
// in tabular form
struct Tuning
{
byte _divisor[3];
bool PI_controller() const
{
return _divisor[2] == 0;
}
double divisor(byte index) const
{
return (double)(_divisor[index] * 0.05);
}
};
#define STEPCOUNT 5
class PID_AutoTune
{
public:
// constants ***********************************************************************************
// auto tune method
enum
{
ZIEGLER_NICHOLS_PI = 0,
ZIEGLER_NICHOLS_PID = 1,
TYREUS_LUYBEN_PI,
TYREUS_LUYBEN_PID,
CIANCONE_MARLIN_PI,
CIANCONE_MARLIN_PID,
AMIGOF_PI,
PESSEN_INTEGRAL_PID,
SOME_OVERSHOOT_PID,
NO_OVERSHOOT_PID
};
// tuning rule divisor
enum
{
KP_DIVISOR = 0,
TI_DIVISOR = 1,
TD_DIVISOR = 2
};
// commonly used methods ***********************************************************************
PID_AutoTune(); // * Constructor. links the Autotune to a given PID
bool Runtime(Logging *logging); // * Similar to the PID Compute function,
// returns true when done, otherwise returns false
void Cancel(); // * Stops the AutoTune
void reset();
void SetOutputStep(double); // * how far above and below the starting value will
// the output step?
double GetOutputStep() const; //
void SetControlType(byte); // * Determines tuning algorithm
byte GetControlType() const; // * Returns tuning algorithm
void SetLookbackSec(int); // * how far back are we looking to identify peaks
int GetLookbackSec() const; //
void SetNoiseBand(double); // * the autotune will ignore signal chatter smaller
// than this value
double GetNoiseBand(); // this should be accurately set
float GetKp() const; // * once autotune is complete, these functions contain the
float GetKi() const; // computed tuning parameters.
float GetKd() const; //
Logging *logger;
byte peakCount;
float input;
// suggested P coefficient while auto-tuning
float output;
void setOutput(float output);
#if EFI_UNIT_TEST
double absMax;
double absMin;
#endif /* EFI_UNIT_TEST */
double outputStart;
unsigned long sampleTime;
byte nLookBack;
void setState(PidAutoTune_AutoTunerState state);
void setPeakType(PidAutoTune_Peak peakType);
PidAutoTune_AutoTunerState state; // * state of autotuner finite state machine
private:
double oStep;
double processValueOffset(double, // * returns an estimate of the process value offset
double); // as a proportion of the amplitude
double setpoint;
double noiseBand;
byte controlType; // * selects autotune algorithm
unsigned long lastTime;
PidAutoTune_Peak peakType;
unsigned long lastPeakTime[STEPCOUNT]; // * peak time, most recent in array element 0
float lastPeaks[STEPCOUNT]; // * peak value, most recent in array element 0
float lastInputs[101]; // * process values, most recent in array element 0
byte inputCount;
float workingNoiseBand;
float workingOutputstep;
// float inducedAmplitude;
float Kp, Ti, Td;
// used by AMIGOf tuning rule
double calculatePhaseLag(double); // * calculate phase lag from noiseBand and inducedAmplitude
double fastArcTan(double);
double newWorkingNoiseBand;
double K_process;
#if defined AUTOTUNE_RELAY_BIAS
double relayBias;
unsigned long lastStepTime[5]; // * step time, most recent in array element 0
double sumInputSinceLastStep[5]; // * integrated process values, most recent in array element 0
byte stepCount;
#endif
};

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@ -1,220 +0,0 @@
/*
* @file test_pid_auto.cpp
*
* @date Sep 14, 2017
* @author Andrey Belomutskiy, (c) 2012-2020
*/
#include "pch.h"
#include "pid_auto_tune.h"
efitimems_t mockTimeMs = 0;
efitimems_t getTimeNowMs(void) {
return mockTimeMs;
}
LoggingWithStorage logging("test");
static float zigZagOffset = 0;
#define CYCLE 20
// range of oscillation
static float oscRange;
/**
* output linearly goes from 0 to 100 and back within each 'CYCLE' steps
*/
static float zigZagValue(int index) {
int i = index % CYCLE;
if ( i <= CYCLE / 2) {
return i * (oscRange / 2 / CYCLE) + zigZagOffset;
} else {
return (CYCLE - i) * (oscRange / 2 / CYCLE) + zigZagOffset;
}
}
static void testPidAutoZigZagStable() {
printf("*************************************************** testPidAutoZigZagStable\r\n");
oscRange = 100;
mockTimeMs = 0;
PID_AutoTune at;
at.SetLookbackSec(5);
at.SetControlType(PID_AutoTune::ZIEGLER_NICHOLS_PI);
at.sampleTime = 0; // not used in math only used to filter values out
ASSERT_EQ( 20, at.nLookBack) << "nLookBack";
at.outputStart = 50;
at.input = zigZagValue(mockTimeMs);
at.Runtime(&logging);
mockTimeMs++;
at.input = zigZagValue(mockTimeMs);
at.Runtime(&logging);
// assertEqualsLM("min@1", 0, at.absMin);
// assertEqualsLM("max@1", 10, at.absMax);
ASSERT_EQ( 0, at.peakCount) << "peakCount";
int startMockMs = mockTimeMs;
for (; mockTimeMs <= 10 + startMockMs; mockTimeMs++) {
at.input = zigZagValue(mockTimeMs);
bool result = at.Runtime(&logging);
ASSERT_FALSE(result) << "should be false#1";
}
// assertEqualsLM("min@11", 0, at.absMin);
// assertEqualsLM("max@11", 100, at.absMax);
ASSERT_EQ( 0, at.peakCount) << "peakCount";
for (; mockTimeMs <= 21; mockTimeMs++) {
at.input = zigZagValue(mockTimeMs);
bool result = at.Runtime(&logging);
ASSERT_FALSE(result) << "should be false#2";
}
ASSERT_EQ( 0, at.peakCount) << "peakCount@21";
for (; mockTimeMs <= 41; mockTimeMs++) {
at.input = zigZagValue(mockTimeMs);
bool result = at.Runtime(&logging);
ASSERT_FALSE(result) << "should be false#2_2";
}
ASSERT_EQ( 2, at.peakCount) << "peakCount@41";
// ASSERT_EQ( 1, cisnan(at.Pu)) << "Pu@41";
for (; mockTimeMs <= 60; mockTimeMs++) {
at.input = zigZagValue(mockTimeMs);
bool result = at.Runtime(&logging);
ASSERT_FALSE(result) << "should be false#4";
}
ASSERT_EQ( 4, at.peakCount) << "peakCount@60";
//assertEqualsM("Pu@60", 0.02, at.Pu);
// zigZagOffset = 10;
for (; mockTimeMs <= 69; mockTimeMs++) {
at.input = zigZagValue(mockTimeMs);
bool result = at.Runtime(&logging);
ASSERT_FALSE(result) << "should be false#4";
}
at.input = zigZagValue(mockTimeMs);
bool result = at.Runtime(&logging);
ASSERT_EQ( 1, result) << "should be true";
assertEqualsM("testPidAutoZigZagStable::output", 0.0, at.output);
ASSERT_EQ( 5, at.peakCount) << "peakCount@80";
assertEqualsM("ki", 27.7798, at.GetKi());
assertEqualsM("kd", 0.0, at.GetKd());
// todo: test the same code with noisy zig-zag function
}
static void testPidAutoZigZagGrowingOsc() {
printf("*************************************************** testPidAutoZigZagGrowingOsc\r\n");
oscRange = 100;
mockTimeMs = 0;
PID_AutoTune at;
at.SetLookbackSec(5);
at.sampleTime = 0; // not used in math only used to filter values out
int startMockMs;
for (int i =0;i<11;i++) {
startMockMs = mockTimeMs;
printf("loop=%d %d\r\n", i, startMockMs);
for (; mockTimeMs < CYCLE + startMockMs; mockTimeMs++) {
at.input = zigZagValue(mockTimeMs);
bool result = at.Runtime(&logging);
ASSERT_FALSE(result) << "should be false#4";
}
oscRange *= 1.5;
}
startMockMs = mockTimeMs;
// for (; mockTimeMs < CYCLE + startMockMs; mockTimeMs++) {
// printf("loop2=%d\r\n", mockTimeMs);
// at.input = zigZagValue(mockTimeMs);
// bool result = at.Runtime(&logging);
// ASSERT_FALSE(result) << "should be false#5";
// }
at.input = zigZagValue(mockTimeMs);
bool result = at.Runtime(&logging);
ASSERT_TRUE(result) << "should be true#2";
assertEqualsM("FAiled", FAILED, at.state);
assertEqualsM("output Growing", 0.0, at.output);
}
TEST(pidAutoTune, zeroLine) {
mockTimeMs = 0;
PID_AutoTune at;
at.SetLookbackSec(5);
at.sampleTime = 0; // not used in math only used to filter values out
int startMockMs;
for (int i =0;i<110;i++) {
startMockMs = mockTimeMs;
printf("loop=%d %d\r\n", i, startMockMs);
for (; mockTimeMs < CYCLE + startMockMs; mockTimeMs++) {
at.input = 0;
bool result = at.Runtime(&logging);
ASSERT_FALSE(result) << "should be false#4";
}
}
// nothing happens in this test since we do not allow time play a role
}
TEST(pidAutoTune, delayLine) {
static const int delayBufSize = 8;
// we use a small FIFO buf to imitate some "response delay" of our virtual PID-controlled "device"
cyclic_buffer<float, delayBufSize> delayBuf;
delayBuf.clear();
mockTimeMs = 0;
PID_AutoTune at;
at.SetLookbackSec(5);
at.sampleTime = 0; // not used in math only used to filter values out
int startMockMs;
bool result = false;
for (int i = 0; i < 110 && !result; i++) {
startMockMs = mockTimeMs;
//at.input = delayBuf.get(delayBuf.currentIndex - 1);
int numElems = minI(delayBuf.getSize(), delayBuf.getCount());
// our "device" is an averaging delay line
at.input = (numElems == 0) ? 0 : (delayBuf.sum(numElems) / delayBuf.getSize());
result = at.Runtime(&logging);
// this is how our "device" is controlled by auto-tuner
delayBuf.add(at.output);
printf("[%d] %d in=%f out=%f\r\n", i, startMockMs, at.input, at.output);
mockTimeMs++;
}
if (result)
printf("*** Converged! Got result: P=%f I=%f D=%f\r\n", at.GetKp(), at.GetKi(), at.GetKd());
ASSERT_TRUE(result) << "should be true#5";
}
TEST(pidAutoTune, testPidAuto) {
printf("*************************************************** testPidAuto\r\n");
testPidAutoZigZagStable();
testPidAutoZigZagGrowingOsc();
}

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@ -79,7 +79,6 @@ TESTS_SRC_CPP = \
tests/test_log_buffer.cpp \
tests/test_signal_executor.cpp \
tests/test_cpp_memory_layout.cpp \
tests/test_pid_auto.cpp \
tests/test_pid.cpp \
tests/test_accel_enrichment.cpp \
tests/test_gpiochip.cpp \