diff --git a/zcash_extensions/src/transparent/demo.rs b/zcash_extensions/src/transparent/demo.rs
index b98342353..e79786907 100644
--- a/zcash_extensions/src/transparent/demo.rs
+++ b/zcash_extensions/src/transparent/demo.rs
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ mod tests {
             builder::Builder,
             components::{
                 amount::{Amount, DEFAULT_FEE},
-                tze::{Bundle, OutPoint, TzeIn, TzeOut},
+                tze::{Authorized, Bundle, OutPoint, TzeIn, TzeOut},
             },
             Transaction, TransactionData, TxVersion,
         },
@@ -695,6 +695,7 @@ mod tests {
             Some(Bundle {
                 vin: vec![],
                 vout: vec![out_a],
+                authorization: Authorized,
             }),
         )
         .freeze()
@@ -725,6 +726,7 @@ mod tests {
             Some(Bundle {
                 vin: vec![in_b],
                 vout: vec![out_b],
+                authorization: Authorized,
             }),
         )
         .freeze()
@@ -751,6 +753,7 @@ mod tests {
             Some(Bundle {
                 vin: vec![in_c],
                 vout: vec![],
+                authorization: Authorized,
             }),
         )
         .freeze()
diff --git a/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/builder.rs b/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/builder.rs
index 149828cab..3a152dfcd 100644
--- a/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/builder.rs
+++ b/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/builder.rs
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ use crate::transaction::components::transparent::TxOut;
 
 #[cfg(feature = "zfuture")]
 use crate::{
-    extensions::transparent::{AuthData, ExtensionTxBuilder, ToPayload},
+    extensions::transparent::{ExtensionTxBuilder, ToPayload},
     transaction::components::{
         tze::builder::TzeBuilder,
         tze::{self, TzeOut},
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ impl<'a, P: consensus::Parameters, R: RngCore> Builder<'a, P, R> {
             .map_err(Error::SaplingBuild)?;
 
         #[cfg(feature = "zfuture")]
-        let tze_bundle = self.tze_builder.build();
+        let (tze_bundle, tze_signers) = self.tze_builder.build();
 
         let unauthed_tx = TransactionData {
             version,
@@ -384,9 +384,11 @@ impl<'a, P: consensus::Parameters, R: RngCore> Builder<'a, P, R> {
             .map_err(Error::SaplingBuild)?;
 
         #[cfg(feature = "zfuture")]
-        let tze_witnesses = self
-            .tze_builder
-            .create_witnesses(&unauthed_tx)
+        let tze_bundle = unauthed_tx
+            .tze_bundle
+            .clone()
+            .map(|b| b.into_authorized(&unauthed_tx, tze_signers))
+            .transpose()
             .map_err(Error::TzeBuild)?;
 
         Ok((
@@ -395,7 +397,7 @@ impl<'a, P: consensus::Parameters, R: RngCore> Builder<'a, P, R> {
                 sapling_sigs,
                 transparent_bundle,
                 #[cfg(feature = "zfuture")]
-                tze_witnesses,
+                tze_bundle,
             )
             .expect("An IO error occurred applying signatures."),
             tx_metadata,
@@ -406,7 +408,7 @@ impl<'a, P: consensus::Parameters, R: RngCore> Builder<'a, P, R> {
         unauthed_tx: TransactionData<Unauthorized>,
         sapling_sigs: Option<(Vec<redjubjub::Signature>, redjubjub::Signature)>,
         transparent_bundle: Option<transparent::Bundle<transparent::Authorized>>,
-        #[cfg(feature = "zfuture")] tze_witnesses: Option<Vec<AuthData>>,
+        #[cfg(feature = "zfuture")] tze_bundle: Option<tze::Bundle<tze::Authorized>>,
     ) -> io::Result<Transaction> {
         let signed_sapling_bundle = match (unauthed_tx.sapling_bundle, sapling_sigs) {
             (Some(bundle), Some((spend_sigs, binding_sig))) => {
@@ -418,17 +420,6 @@ impl<'a, P: consensus::Parameters, R: RngCore> Builder<'a, P, R> {
             }
         };
 
-        #[cfg(feature = "zfuture")]
-        let signed_tze_bundle = match (unauthed_tx.tze_bundle, tze_witnesses) {
-            (Some(bundle), Some(witness_payloads)) => {
-                Some(bundle.apply_signatures(witness_payloads))
-            }
-            (None, None) => None,
-            _ => {
-                panic!("Mismatch between TZE bundle and witnesses.")
-            }
-        };
-
         let authorized_tx = TransactionData {
             version: unauthed_tx.version,
             consensus_branch_id: unauthed_tx.consensus_branch_id,
@@ -439,7 +430,7 @@ impl<'a, P: consensus::Parameters, R: RngCore> Builder<'a, P, R> {
             sapling_bundle: signed_sapling_bundle,
             orchard_bundle: None,
             #[cfg(feature = "zfuture")]
-            tze_bundle: signed_tze_bundle,
+            tze_bundle,
         };
 
         authorized_tx.freeze()
diff --git a/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/components/tze.rs b/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/components/tze.rs
index 4df728775..20321ced5 100644
--- a/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/components/tze.rs
+++ b/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/components/tze.rs
@@ -25,13 +25,6 @@ pub trait Authorization: Debug {
     type Witness: Debug + Clone + PartialEq;
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq)]
-pub struct Unauthorized;
-
-impl Authorization for Unauthorized {
-    type Witness = ();
-}
-
 #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq)]
 pub struct Authorized;
 
@@ -41,30 +34,9 @@ impl Authorization for Authorized {
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
 pub struct Bundle<A: Authorization> {
-    pub vin: Vec<TzeIn<A>>,
+    pub vin: Vec<TzeIn<A::Witness>>,
     pub vout: Vec<TzeOut>,
-}
-
-impl Bundle<Unauthorized> {
-    pub fn apply_signatures(self, witnesses: Vec<tze::AuthData>) -> Bundle<Authorized> {
-        assert!(self.vin.len() == witnesses.len());
-        Bundle {
-            vin: self
-                .vin
-                .into_iter()
-                .zip(witnesses.into_iter())
-                .map(|(tzein, payload)| TzeIn {
-                    prevout: tzein.prevout,
-                    witness: tze::Witness {
-                        extension_id: tzein.witness.extension_id,
-                        mode: tzein.witness.mode,
-                        payload,
-                    },
-                })
-                .collect(),
-            vout: self.vout,
-        }
-    }
+    pub authorization: A,
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
@@ -99,12 +71,12 @@ impl OutPoint {
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
-pub struct TzeIn<A: Authorization> {
+pub struct TzeIn<Payload> {
     pub prevout: OutPoint,
-    pub witness: tze::Witness<A::Witness>,
+    pub witness: tze::Witness<Payload>,
 }
 
-impl<A: Authorization> TzeIn<A> {
+impl<Payload> TzeIn<Payload> {
     /// Write without witness data (for signature hashing)
     ///
     /// This is also used as the prefix for the encoded form used
@@ -127,7 +99,7 @@ impl<A: Authorization> TzeIn<A> {
 /// Transaction encoding and decoding functions conforming to [ZIP 222].
 ///
 /// [ZIP 222]: https://zips.z.cash/zip-0222#encoding-in-transactions
-impl TzeIn<Unauthorized> {
+impl TzeIn<()> {
     /// Convenience constructor
     pub fn new(prevout: OutPoint, extension_id: u32, mode: u32) -> Self {
         TzeIn {
@@ -141,7 +113,7 @@ impl TzeIn<Unauthorized> {
     }
 }
 
-impl TzeIn<Authorized> {
+impl TzeIn<<Authorized as Authorization>::Witness> {
     /// Read witness metadata & payload
     ///
     /// Used to decode the encoded form used within a serialized
@@ -249,7 +221,7 @@ pub mod testing {
     }
 
     prop_compose! {
-        pub fn arb_tzein()(prevout in arb_outpoint(), witness in arb_witness()) -> TzeIn<Authorized> {
+        pub fn arb_tzein()(prevout in arb_outpoint(), witness in arb_witness()) -> TzeIn<AuthData> {
             TzeIn { prevout, witness }
         }
     }
@@ -274,7 +246,7 @@ pub mod testing {
             if branch_id != BranchId::ZFuture || (vin.is_empty() && vout.is_empty()) {
                 None
             } else {
-                Some(Bundle { vin, vout })
+                Some(Bundle { vin, vout, authorization: Authorized })
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/components/tze/builder.rs b/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/components/tze/builder.rs
index b17784cea..11b7a0242 100644
--- a/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/components/tze/builder.rs
+++ b/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/components/tze/builder.rs
@@ -5,9 +5,12 @@ use std::fmt;
 
 use crate::{
     extensions::transparent::{self as tze, ToPayload},
-    transaction::components::{
-        amount::Amount,
-        tze::{Bundle, OutPoint, TzeIn, TzeOut, Unauthorized},
+    transaction::{
+        self as tx,
+        components::{
+            amount::Amount,
+            tze::{Authorization, Authorized, Bundle, OutPoint, TzeIn, TzeOut},
+        },
     },
 };
 
@@ -28,17 +31,24 @@ impl fmt::Display for Error {
 }
 
 #[allow(clippy::type_complexity)]
-struct TzeSigner<'a, BuildCtx> {
+pub struct TzeSigner<'a, BuildCtx> {
     prevout: TzeOut,
     builder: Box<dyn FnOnce(&BuildCtx) -> Result<(u32, Vec<u8>), Error> + 'a>,
 }
 
 pub struct TzeBuilder<'a, BuildCtx> {
     signers: Vec<TzeSigner<'a, BuildCtx>>,
-    vin: Vec<TzeIn<Unauthorized>>,
+    vin: Vec<TzeIn<()>>,
     vout: Vec<TzeOut>,
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub struct Unauthorized;
+
+impl Authorization for Unauthorized {
+    type Witness = ();
+}
+
 impl<'a, BuildCtx> TzeBuilder<'a, BuildCtx> {
     pub fn empty() -> Self {
         TzeBuilder {
@@ -99,43 +109,63 @@ impl<'a, BuildCtx> TzeBuilder<'a, BuildCtx> {
                 .sum::<Option<Amount>>()?
     }
 
-    pub fn build(&self) -> Option<Bundle<Unauthorized>> {
+    pub fn build(self) -> (Option<Bundle<Unauthorized>>, Vec<TzeSigner<'a, BuildCtx>>) {
         if self.vin.is_empty() && self.vout.is_empty() {
-            None
+            (None, vec![])
         } else {
-            Some(Bundle {
-                vin: self.vin.clone(),
-                vout: self.vout.clone(),
-            })
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn create_witnesses(self, mtx: &BuildCtx) -> Result<Option<Vec<tze::AuthData>>, Error> {
-        // Create TZE input witnesses
-        if self.vin.is_empty() && self.vout.is_empty() {
-            Ok(None)
-        } else {
-            // Create TZE input witnesses
-            let payloads = self
-                .signers
-                .into_iter()
-                .zip(self.vin.into_iter())
-                .into_iter()
-                .map(|(signer, tzein)| {
-                    // The witness builder function should have cached/closed over whatever data was
-                    // necessary for the witness to commit to at the time it was added to the
-                    // transaction builder; here, it then computes those commitments.
-                    let (mode, payload) = (signer.builder)(&mtx)?;
-                    let input_mode = tzein.witness.mode;
-                    if mode != input_mode {
-                        return Err(Error::WitnessModeMismatch(input_mode, mode));
-                    }
-
-                    Ok(tze::AuthData(payload))
-                })
-                .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, Error>>()?;
-
-            Ok(Some(payloads))
+            (
+                Some(Bundle {
+                    vin: self.vin.clone(),
+                    vout: self.vout.clone(),
+                    authorization: Unauthorized,
+                }),
+                self.signers,
+            )
         }
     }
 }
+
+impl Bundle<Unauthorized> {
+    pub fn into_authorized(
+        self,
+        unauthed_tx: &tx::TransactionData<tx::Unauthorized>,
+        signers: Vec<TzeSigner<'_, tx::TransactionData<tx::Unauthorized>>>,
+    ) -> Result<Bundle<Authorized>, Error> {
+        // Create TZE input witnesses
+        let payloads = signers
+            .into_iter()
+            .zip(self.vin.iter())
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|(signer, tzein)| {
+                // The witness builder function should have cached/closed over whatever data was
+                // necessary for the witness to commit to at the time it was added to the
+                // transaction builder; here, it then computes those commitments.
+                let (mode, payload) = (signer.builder)(unauthed_tx)?;
+                let input_mode = tzein.witness.mode;
+                if mode != input_mode {
+                    return Err(Error::WitnessModeMismatch(input_mode, mode));
+                }
+
+                Ok(tze::AuthData(payload))
+            })
+            .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, Error>>()?;
+
+        Ok(Bundle {
+            vin: self
+                .vin
+                .into_iter()
+                .zip(payloads.into_iter())
+                .map(|(tzein, payload)| TzeIn {
+                    prevout: tzein.prevout,
+                    witness: tze::Witness {
+                        extension_id: tzein.witness.extension_id,
+                        mode: tzein.witness.mode,
+                        payload,
+                    },
+                })
+                .collect(),
+            vout: self.vout,
+            authorization: Authorized,
+        })
+    }
+}
diff --git a/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/mod.rs b/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/mod.rs
index 1fbe429ea..3a08a6612 100644
--- a/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/mod.rs
+++ b/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/mod.rs
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ impl Authorization for Unauthorized {
     type OrchardAuth = orchard::builder::Unauthorized;
 
     #[cfg(feature = "zfuture")]
-    type TzeAuth = tze::Unauthorized;
+    type TzeAuth = tze::builder::Unauthorized;
 }
 
 /// A Zcash transaction.
@@ -795,7 +795,11 @@ impl Transaction {
         Ok(if vin.is_empty() && vout.is_empty() {
             None
         } else {
-            Some(tze::Bundle { vin, vout })
+            Some(tze::Bundle {
+                vin,
+                vout,
+                authorization: tze::Authorized,
+            })
         })
     }
 
diff --git a/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/txid.rs b/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/txid.rs
index 498e0bb79..de8c74584 100644
--- a/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/txid.rs
+++ b/zcash_primitives/src/transaction/txid.rs
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ pub(crate) fn transparent_outputs_hash<T: Borrow<TxOut>>(vout: &[T]) -> Blake2bH
 /// In the case that no inputs are provided, this produces a default
 /// hash from just the personalization string.
 #[cfg(feature = "zfuture")]
-pub(crate) fn hash_tze_inputs<A: tze::Authorization>(tze_inputs: &[TzeIn<A>]) -> Blake2bHash {
+pub(crate) fn hash_tze_inputs<A>(tze_inputs: &[TzeIn<A>]) -> Blake2bHash {
     let mut h = hasher(ZCASH_TZE_INPUTS_HASH_PERSONALIZATION);
     for tzein in tze_inputs {
         tzein.write_without_witness(&mut h).unwrap();