This ZIP describes a proposed specification for a standardized format for clients who wish to transmit or receive content within the encrypted memo field of shielded transactions.
A well-defined standard for formatting content within the encrypted memo field would help expand the use cases by providing a structure for different types of data. Users and third-party services could benefit from a standardized formatting convention that defines the type and length of the data contained within.
A proposed common use case could be a standard encoding for sender’s preferred return address.
+ Interpret the next few bytes (1 to 9 of them) as a 64-bit unsigned variable-length integer [#Bitcoin-CompactSize]_, and use it as an arbitrary application-defined "type" field.
+ Interpret the next bytes (1 to 2 of them) as a 16-bit unsigned ULEB, and use it as the length field. (The length can be at most 510 bytes due to the overall memo length, and that is why the length field can only be 1 or 2 bytes.)
+ If 1 + the number bytes used for the type field + the number of bytes used for the length field + the length > 512 then error out, i.e. do not do any further processing of the memo, and do not return any information about the memo to the caller other than the fact that it was incorrectly formatted.
The new protocol specification is an improvement over the current memo field content specification that was in the protocol spec up to version 2020.1.0, which stated:
The usage of the memo field is by agreement between the sender and recipient of the note. The memo field SHOULD be encoded either as:
• a UTF-8 human-readable string [Unicode], padded by appending zero bytes; or
• an arbitrary sequence of 512 bytes starting with a byte value of 0xF5 or greater, which is therefore not a valid UTF-8 string.
In the former case, wallet software is expected to strip any trailing zero bytes and then display the resulting UTF-8 string to the recipient user, where applicable. Incorrect UTF-8-encoded byte sequences should be displayed as replacement characters (U+FFFD).
In the latter case, the contents of the memo field SHOULD NOT be displayed. A start byte of 0xF5 is reserved for use by automated software by private agreement. A start byte of 0xF6 or greater is reserved for use in future Zcash protocol extensions.
Backwards Compatibility
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Encrypted memo field contents sent without the standardized format proposed here will be interpreted according to the specification set out in older versions of the protocol spec.