Abstract
- This ZIP proposes the allocation of a percentage of the Zcash block subsidy, post-November 2024 halving, split between Zcash Community Grants (ZCG) an in-protocol "lockbox." The "lockbox" will be a separate pool of issued funds tracked by the protocol, as described in ZIP 2001: Lockbox Funding Streams . No disbursement mechanism is currently defined for this "lockbox"; the Zcash community will need to decide upon and specify a suitable decentralized mechanism for permitting withdrawals from this lockbox in a future ZIP in order to make these funds available for funding grants to ecosystem participants.
+ This ZIP proposes several options for the allocation of a percentage of the Zcash block subsidy, post-November 2024 halving, to an in-protocol "lockbox." The "lockbox" will be a separate pool of issued funds tracked by the protocol, as described in ZIP 2001: Lockbox Funding Streams . No disbursement mechanism is currently defined for this "lockbox"; the Zcash community will need to decide upon and specify a suitable decentralized mechanism for permitting withdrawals from this lockbox in a future ZIP in order to make these funds available for funding grants to ecosystem participants.
The proposed lockbox addresses significant issues observed with ZIP 1014 , such as regulatory risks, inefficiencies due to funding of organizations instead of projects, and centralization. While the exact disbursement mechanism for the lockbox funds is yet to be determined and will be addressed in a future ZIP, the goal is to employ a decentralized mechanism that ensures community involvement and efficient, project-specific funding. This approach is intended to potentially improve regulatory compliance, reduce inefficiencies, and enhance the decentralization of Zcash's funding structure.
- A number of previously proposed alternatives are listed at the bottom of this document. Polling of the community was used to select among these and other proposals. See the following Zcash community forum posts for additional details:
-
https://githu
Specification
-
- - 12% of the block subsidy is to be distributed to the lockbox.
- - 8% of the block subsidy is to be distributed to the Financial Privacy Foundation (FPF), for the express use of the Zcash Community Grants Committee (ZCG) to fund independent teams in the Zcash ecosystem.
-
- As of block height 2726400, and continuing for one year, the complete set of funding streams will be:
-
-
-
- Stream |
- Numerator |
- Denominator |
- Start height |
- End height |
-
-
-
-
- FS_DEFERRED |
- 12 |
- 100 |
- 2726400 |
- 3146400 |
-
-
- FS_FPF_ZCG |
- 8 |
- 100 |
- 2726400 |
- 3146400 |
-
-
-
+ The following alternatives all depend upon the Lockbox Funding Streams proposal for storage of funds into a deferred value pool.
+ Some of the alternatives described below do not specify a termination height for the funding streams they propose. In these cases, the termination height is set to u32::MAX_VALUE. A future network upgrade that alters the maximum possible block height MUST also alter these termination heights.
+
+ Alternatives
+ Alternative 1: Lockbox For Decentralized Grants Allocation (perpetual 50% option)
+ Proposed by Skylar Saveland
+
+ - 50% of the block subsidy is to be distributed to the lockbox.
+
+ As of block height 2726400, and continuing until modified by a future ZIP, the complete set of funding streams will be:
+
+
+
+ Stream |
+ Numerator |
+ Denominator |
+ Start height |
+ End height |
+
+
+
+
+ FS_DEFERRED |
+ 50 |
+ 100 |
+ 2726400 |
+ u32::MAX |
+
+
+
+ Motivations for Alternative 1
+ This alternative proposes allocating a significantly larger portion of the block subsidy to development funding than is currently allocated, aiming to establish a long-term source of funding for protocol improvements. The disbursement of these funds will be governed by a mechanism to be determined by the community in the future, ensuring that the funds are released under agreed-upon constraints to maintain availability for years to come.
+ The proposed lockbox funding model for Zcash's post-NU6 halving period allocates 50% of the block reward to a deferred reserve, or "lockbox," designated for future decentralized grants funding. This approach is designed to address several critical motivations:
+
+
+ - Regulatory Compliance:
+
+ - Reduction of Regulatory Risks: Direct funding to legal entities poses significant regulatory risks. Allocating funds to a decentralized lockbox mitigates these risks by avoiding direct funding of any specific organizations. This alternative represents the strongest regulatory posture, as it reduces the likelihood of legal challenges associated with funding centralized entities directly.
+ - Potential Minimization of KYC Requirements: The current funding mechanism involves 100% KYC for recipients, which can be detrimental to security, privacy, resilience, and participation. A sufficiently decentralized disbursement mechanism could reduce the need for recipients to undergo KYC with a controlling entity. This would preserve privacy and encourage broader participation from developers and contributors who value anonymity and privacy. By shifting from direct funding of specific legal entities to a decentralized funding model, we create a more secure, private, and resilient ecosystem. This potential future difference enhances the robustness of the Zcash network by fostering a diverse and engaged community without the constraints of centralized direct funding.
+
+
+ - Ensuring Sustainable Development Funding:
+
+ - Need for Continuous Funding: Zcash has numerous ongoing and future projects essential for its ecosystem's growth and security. Without a change, the expiration of the devfund will result in 100% of the block reward going to miners, jeopardizing funding for development. The proposed 50% lockbox allocation ensures that funds are directed towards sustaining and improving the Zcash ecosystem through a wide array of initiatives. These include protocol development, new features, security audits, legal support, marketing, ZSAs (Zcash Shielded Assets), stablecoins, programmability, transitioning to a modern Rust codebase, wallets, integrations with third-party services, improved node software, block explorers, supporting ambassadors, and educational initiatives like ZecHub.
+ - Balanced Incentives for Network and Protocol Security: While miners have been essential in providing network security through hashpower, allocating 100% of the block reward to mining alone overlooks the crucial need for development, innovation, and protocol security. By investing in these priorities, we enhance the long-term health and value of the protocol, which ultimately benefits miners. A well-maintained and innovative protocol increases the overall value of the network, making miners' rewards more valuable. This balanced approach aligns the interests of miners with the broader community, ensuring sustainable growth and security for Zcash.
+
+
+ - Efficiency, Accountability, and Decentralization:
+
+ - Reduction of Inefficiencies: Traditional funding models often involve significant corporate overhead and centralized decision-making, leading to inefficiencies. The prior model provided two 501(c)(3) organizations with constant funding for four years, which reduced accountability and allowed for potential misalignment with the community's evolving priorities. By funding projects directly rather than organizations, we can allocate resources more efficiently, ensuring that funds are used for tangible development rather than administrative costs. This approach minimizes the influence of corporate executives, whose decisions have sometimes failed to address critical issues promptly.
+ - Increased Accountability: A presumed grants-only mechanism, to be defined in a future ZIP, would necessitate continuous accountability and progress for continuous funding. Unlike the prior model, where organizations received guaranteed funding regardless of performance, a grants-based approach would require projects to demonstrate ongoing success and alignment with community goals to secure funding. This continuous evaluation fosters a more responsive and responsible allocation of resources, ensuring that funds are directed towards initiatives that provide the most value to the Zcash ecosystem. By increasing accountability, this model promotes a culture of excellence and innovation, driving sustained improvements and advancements in the protocol.
+ - Promotion of Decentralization: The proposed non-direct funding model stores deferred funds for future use, with the specifics of the disbursement mechanism to be determined by a future ZIP. This could allow the community to have a greater influence over funding decisions, aligning more closely with the ethos of the Zcash project. By decentralizing the allocation process, this approach has the potential to foster innovation and community involvement, ensuring that development priorities are more reflective of the community's needs and desires, promoting a more open, transparent, and resilient ecosystem.
+
+
+ - Incentives for Development and Collaboration:
+
+ - Creating a Strong Incentive to Implement the Disbursement Mechanism: Allocating 50% of the block reward to the lockbox indefinitely creates a powerful incentive for the community to work together to implement the disbursement mechanism without delay. Knowing that there is a substantial amount of funds available, stakeholders will be motivated to develop and agree on an effective, decentralized method for distributing these funds.
+ - Incentivizing Continuous Improvements: The accumulation of a large stored fortune within the lockbox incentivizes continuous improvements to the Zcash protocol and ecosystem. Developers, contributors, and community members will be driven to propose and execute projects that enhance the network, knowing that successful initiatives have the potential to receive funding. This model fosters a culture of ongoing innovation and development, ensuring that Zcash remains at the forefront of blockchain technology.
+ - Aligning Long-Term Interests: By tying a significant portion of the block reward to future decentralized grants funding, the model aligns the long-term interests of all stakeholders. Miners, developers, and community members alike have a vested interest in maintaining and improving the Zcash network, as the value and success of their efforts are directly linked to the availability and effective use of the lockbox funds. This alignment of incentives ensures that the collective efforts of the community are focused on the sustainable growth and advancement of the Zcash ecosystem.
+
+
+
+
+ Guidance on Future Requirements for Alternative 1
+ To support the motivations outlined, the following guidance is proposed for Alternative 1. Future ZIP(s) will define the disbursement mechanism. These are suggestions to achieve the outlined motivations and should be considered in those future ZIP(s). It is important to note that these are ideas and guidance, not hard, enforceable requirements:
+
+ - Cap on Grants: Grants should be capped to promote more granular accountability and incremental goal-setting. This approach ensures that projects are required to define their work, goals, milestones, KPIs, and achievements in smaller, more manageable increments. Even if a single project is utilizing significant funds quickly, the cap ensures that progress is continuously evaluated and approved based on tangible results and alignment with community priorities.
+ - Decentralized Disbursement Mechanism: The disbursement mechanism should be sufficiently decentralized to ensure the regulatory motivations are fulfilled. A decentralized mechanism could reduce the need for recipients to undergo KYC with a controlling party, preserving privacy and aligning with the ethos of the Zcash project.
+ - Governance and Accountability: The governance structure for the disbursement mechanism should be open and accountable, with decisions made through community consensus or decentralized voting processes to maintain trust and accountability. This approach will help ensure that the allocation of funds is fair and aligned with the community's evolving priorities.
+ - Periodic Review and Adjustment: There should be provisions for periodic review and adjustment of the funding mechanism to address any emerging issues or inefficiencies and to adapt to the evolving needs of the Zcash ecosystem. This could include the ability to add or remove participants as necessary. Regular assessments will help keep the funding model responsive and effective, ensuring it continues to meet the community's goals.
+
+ By addressing these motivations and providing this guidance, Alternative 1 aims to provide a robust, sustainable, and decentralized funding model that aligns with the principles and long-term goals of the Zcash community.
+
+
+ Alternative 2: Hybrid Deferred Dev Fund: Transitioning to a Non-Direct Funding Model
+ Proposed by Jason McGee, Peacemonger, GGuy
+
+ - 12% of the block subsidy is to be distributed to the lockbox.
+ - 8% of the block subsidy is to be distributed to the Financial Privacy Foundation (FPF), for the express use of the Zcash Community Grants Committee (ZCG) to fund independent teams in the Zcash ecosystem.
+
+ As of block height 2726400, and continuing for one year, the complete set of funding streams will be:
+
+
+
+ Stream |
+ Numerator |
+ Denominator |
+ Start height |
+ End height |
+
+
+
+
+ FS_DEFERRED |
+ 12 |
+ 100 |
+ 2726400 |
+ 3146400 |
+
+
+ FS_FPF_ZCG |
+ 8 |
+ 100 |
+ 2726400 |
+ 3146400 |
+
+
+
+ Motivations for Alternative 2
+
+ - Limited Runway: ZCG does not have the financial runway that ECC/BP and ZF have. As such, allocating ongoing funding to ZCG will help ensure the Zcash ecosystem has an active grants program.
+ - Promoting Decentralization: Allocating a portion of the Dev Fund to Zcash Community Grants ensures small teams continue to receive funding to contribute to Zcash. Allowing the Dev Fund to expire, or putting 100% into a lockbox, would disproportionally impact grant recipients. This hybrid approach promotes decentralization and the growth of independent development teams.
+ - Mitigating Regulatory Risks: The Financial Privacy Foundation (FPF) is a non-profit organization incorporated and based in the Cayman Islands. By minimizing direct funding of US-based organizations, this proposal helps to reduce potential regulatory scrutiny and legal risks.
+
+
+
+ Alternative 3: Lockbox For Decentralized Grants Allocation (20% option)
+ Proposed by Kris Nuttycombe
+
+ - 20% of the block subsidy is to be distributed to the lockbox.
+
+ As of block height 2726400, and continuing for two years, the complete set of funding streams will be:
+
+
+
+ Stream |
+ Numerator |
+ Denominator |
+ Start height |
+ End height |
+
+
+
+
+ FS_DEFERRED |
+ 20 |
+ 100 |
+ 2726400 |
+ 3566400 |
+
+
+
+ Motivations for Alternative 3
+ This alternative is presented as the simplest allocation of block rewards to a lockbox for future disbursement that is consistent with results of community polling.
+
+
+ Alternative 4: Masters Of The Universe?
+ Proposed by NoamChom (Zcash forum)
+
+ - 17% of the block subsidy is to be distributed to the lockbox.
+ - 8% of the block subsidy is to be distributed to the Financial Privacy Foundation (FPF), for the express use of the Zcash Community Grants Committee (ZCG) to fund independent teams in the Zcash ecosystem.
+
+ As of block height 2726400, and continuing for four years, the complete set of funding streams will be:
+
+
+
+ Stream |
+ Numerator |
+ Denominator |
+ Start height |
+ End height |
+
+
+
+
+ FS_DEFERRED |
+ 17 |
+ 100 |
+ 2726400 |
+ 4406400 |
+
+
+ FS_FPF_ZCG |
+ 8 |
+ 100 |
+ 2726400 |
+ 4406400 |
+
+
+
+ Motivations for Alternative 4
+ This alternative proposes a slightly larger slice of the block subsidy than is currently allocated for development funding, in order to better provide for the needs of the Zcash community.
+
+ Revisitation Requirement for Alternative 4
+ The terms for this Alternative should be revisited by the Zcash ecosystem upon creation/ activation of a "non-direct funding model" (NDFM). At that completion of an NDFM which accessess the lockbox funds, this ZIP should be reconsidered (potentially terminated) by the Zcash ecosystem, to determine if its ongoing direct block subsidies are preferred for continuation. Discussions / solications / sentiment gathering from the Zcash ecosystem should be initiated ~6 months in advance of the presumed activation of a "non-direct funding model", such that the Zcash ecosystem preference can be expediently realized.
+
+
+
+
Enforcement
FPF MUST contractually commit to fulfill these obligations on behalf of ZCG, and the prescribed use of funds, such that substantial violation, not promptly remedied, will result in a modified version of Zcash node software that removes ZCG’s Dev Fund slice and allocates it to the Deferred Dev Fund lockbox.
- Previously Considered Alternatives
- Lockbox For Decentralized Grants Allocation (20% option)
- Proposed by Kris Nuttycombe
-
- - 20% of the block subsidy is to be distributed to the lockbox.
-
- As of block height 2726400, and continuing for two years, the complete set of funding streams will be:
-
-
-
- Stream |
- Numerator |
- Denominator |
- Start height |
- End height |
-
-
-
-
- FS_DEFERRED |
- 20 |
- 100 |
- 2726400 |
- 3566400 |
-
-
-
- Motivations for the 20% lockbox option
- This alternative seeks to eliminate all direct funding of development organizations in the Zcash ecosystem, in preparation for designing a more decentralized and flexible approach to distributing funds allocated for ecosystem development.
- By eliminating all direct funding, this alternative fully aligns the incentives of the various existing development organizations to efficiently work toward the implementation of a new disbursement mechanism. At the time of this writing, these existing organizations each have funds in reserve that will enable them to continue operation for a period beyond the end of the previous development fund that should, with efficient operation, be sufficient for a decentralized disbursement mechanism to be implemented.
-
-
- Lockbox For Decentralized Grants Allocation (perpetual 50% option)
- Proposed by Skylar Saveland; previously listed as Alternative 1 prior to community polling.
-
- - 50% of the block subsidy is to be distributed to the lockbox.
-
- As of block height 2726400, and continuing until modified by a future ZIP, the complete set of funding streams will be:
-
-
-
- Stream |
- Numerator |
- Denominator |
- Start height |
- End height |
-
-
-
-
- FS_DEFERRED |
- 50 |
- 100 |
- 2726400 |
- u32::MAX |
-
-
-
- Motivations for the perpetual 50% option
- This alternative proposes allocating a significantly larger portion of the block subsidy to development funding than is currently allocated, aiming to establish a long-term source of funding for protocol improvements. The disbursement of these funds will be governed by a mechanism to be determined by the community in the future, ensuring that the funds are released under agreed-upon constraints to maintain availability for years to come.
- The proposed lockbox funding model for Zcash's post-NU6 halving period allocates 50% of the block reward to a deferred reserve, or "lockbox," designated for future decentralized grants funding. This approach is designed to address several critical motivations:
-
-
- - Regulatory Compliance:
-
- - Reduction of Regulatory Risks: Direct funding to legal entities poses significant regulatory risks. Allocating funds to a decentralized lockbox mitigates these risks by avoiding direct funding of any specific organizations. This alternative represents the strongest regulatory posture, as it reduces the likelihood of legal challenges associated with funding centralized entities directly.
- - Potential Minimization of KYC Requirements: The current funding mechanism involves 100% KYC for recipients, which can be detrimental to security, privacy, resilience, and participation. A sufficiently decentralized disbursement mechanism could reduce the need for recipients to undergo KYC with a controlling entity. This would preserve privacy and encourage broader participation from developers and contributors who value anonymity and privacy. By shifting from direct funding of specific legal entities to a decentralized funding model, we create a more secure, private, and resilient ecosystem. This potential future difference enhances the robustness of the Zcash network by fostering a diverse and engaged community without the constraints of centralized direct funding.
-
-
- - Ensuring Sustainable Development Funding:
-
- - Need for Continuous Funding: Zcash has numerous ongoing and future projects essential for its ecosystem's growth and security. Without a change, the expiration of the devfund will result in 100% of the block reward going to miners, jeopardizing funding for development. The proposed 50% lockbox allocation ensures that funds are directed towards sustaining and improving the Zcash ecosystem through a wide array of initiatives. These include protocol development, new features, security audits, legal support, marketing, ZSAs (Zcash Shielded Assets), stablecoins, programmability, transitioning to a modern Rust codebase, wallets, integrations with third-party services, improved node software, block explorers, supporting ambassadors, and educational initiatives like ZecHub.
- - Balanced Incentives for Network and Protocol Security: While miners have been essential in providing network security through hashpower, allocating 100% of the block reward to mining alone overlooks the crucial need for development, innovation, and protocol security. By investing in these priorities, we enhance the long-term health and value of the protocol, which ultimately benefits miners. A well-maintained and innovative protocol increases the overall value of the network, making miners' rewards more valuable. This balanced approach aligns the interests of miners with the broader community, ensuring sustainable growth and security for Zcash.
-
-
- - Efficiency, Accountability, and Decentralization:
-
- - Reduction of Inefficiencies: Traditional funding models often involve significant corporate overhead and centralized decision-making, leading to inefficiencies. The prior model provided two 501(c)(3) organizations with constant funding for four years, which reduced accountability and allowed for potential misalignment with the community's evolving priorities. By funding projects directly rather than organizations, we can allocate resources more efficiently, ensuring that funds are used for tangible development rather than administrative costs. This approach minimizes the influence of corporate executives, whose decisions have sometimes failed to address critical issues promptly.
- - Increased Accountability: A presumed grants-only mechanism, to be defined in a future ZIP, would necessitate continuous accountability and progress for continuous funding. Unlike the prior model, where organizations received guaranteed funding regardless of performance, a grants-based approach would require projects to demonstrate ongoing success and alignment with community goals to secure funding. This continuous evaluation fosters a more responsive and responsible allocation of resources, ensuring that funds are directed towards initiatives that provide the most value to the Zcash ecosystem. By increasing accountability, this model promotes a culture of excellence and innovation, driving sustained improvements and advancements in the protocol.
- - Promotion of Decentralization: The proposed non-direct funding model stores deferred funds for future use, with the specifics of the disbursement mechanism to be determined by a future ZIP. This could allow the community to have a greater influence over funding decisions, aligning more closely with the ethos of the Zcash project. By decentralizing the allocation process, this approach has the potential to foster innovation and community involvement, ensuring that development priorities are more reflective of the community's needs and desires, promoting a more open, transparent, and resilient ecosystem.
-
-
- - Incentives for Development and Collaboration:
-
- - Creating a Strong Incentive to Implement the Disbursement Mechanism: Allocating 50% of the block reward to the lockbox indefinitely creates a powerful incentive for the community to work together to implement the disbursement mechanism without delay. Knowing that there is a substantial amount of funds available, stakeholders will be motivated to develop and agree on an effective, decentralized method for distributing these funds.
- - Incentivizing Continuous Improvements: The accumulation of a large stored fortune within the lockbox incentivizes continuous improvements to the Zcash protocol and ecosystem. Developers, contributors, and community members will be driven to propose and execute projects that enhance the network, knowing that successful initiatives have the potential to receive funding. This model fosters a culture of ongoing innovation and development, ensuring that Zcash remains at the forefront of blockchain technology.
- - Aligning Long-Term Interests: By tying a significant portion of the block reward to future decentralized grants funding, the model aligns the long-term interests of all stakeholders. Miners, developers, and community members alike have a vested interest in maintaining and improving the Zcash network, as the value and success of their efforts are directly linked to the availability and effective use of the lockbox funds. This alignment of incentives ensures that the collective efforts of the community are focused on the sustainable growth and advancement of the Zcash ecosystem.
-
-
-
-
- Guidance on Future Requirements
- To support the motivations outlined, the following guidance is proposed for this alternative. Future ZIP(s) will define the disbursement mechanism. These are suggestions to achieve the outlined motivations and should be considered in those future ZIP(s). It is important to note that these are ideas and guidance, not hard, enforceable requirements:
-
- - Cap on Grants: Grants should be capped to promote more granular accountability and incremental goal-setting. This approach ensures that projects are required to define their work, goals, milestones, KPIs, and achievements in smaller, more manageable increments. Even if a single project is utilizing significant funds quickly, the cap ensures that progress is continuously evaluated and approved based on tangible results and alignment with community priorities.
- - Decentralized Disbursement Mechanism: The disbursement mechanism should be sufficiently decentralized to ensure the regulatory motivations are fulfilled. A decentralized mechanism could reduce the need for recipients to undergo KYC with a controlling party, preserving privacy and aligning with the ethos of the Zcash project.
- - Governance and Accountability: The governance structure for the disbursement mechanism should be open and accountable, with decisions made through community consensus or decentralized voting processes to maintain trust and accountability. This approach will help ensure that the allocation of funds is fair and aligned with the community's evolving priorities.
- - Periodic Review and Adjustment: There should be provisions for periodic review and adjustment of the funding mechanism to address any emerging issues or inefficiencies and to adapt to the evolving needs of the Zcash ecosystem. This could include the ability to add or remove participants as necessary. Regular assessments will help keep the funding model responsive and effective, ensuring it continues to meet the community's goals.
-
- By addressing these motivations and providing this guidance, this alternative aims to provide a robust, sustainable, and decentralized funding model that aligns with the principles and long-term goals of the Zcash community.
-
-
- "Masters Of The Universe"
- Proposed by NoamChom (Zcash forum), previously listed as Alternative 4 prior to community polling.
-
- - 17% of the block subsidy is to be distributed to the lockbox.
- - 8% of the block subsidy is to be distributed to the Financial Privacy Foundation (FPF), for the express use of the Zcash Community Grants Committee (ZCG) to fund independent teams in the Zcash ecosystem.
-
- As of block height 2726400, and continuing for four years, the complete set of funding streams will be:
-
-
-
- Stream |
- Numerator |
- Denominator |
- Start height |
- End height |
-
-
-
-
- FS_DEFERRED |
- 17 |
- 100 |
- 2726400 |
- 4406400 |
-
-
- FS_FPF_ZCG |
- 8 |
- 100 |
- 2726400 |
- 4406400 |
-
-
-
- Motivations for "Masters of the Universe"
- This alternative proposes a slightly larger slice of the block subsidy than is currently allocated for development funding, in order to better provide for the needs of the Zcash community.
-
- Revisitation Requirement for "Masters of the Universe"
- The terms for this Alternative should be revisited by the Zcash ecosystem upon creation/ activation of a "non-direct funding model" (NDFM). At that completion of an NDFM which accessess the lockbox funds, this ZIP should be reconsidered (potentially terminated) by the Zcash ecosystem, to determine if its ongoing direct block subsidies are preferred for continuation. Discussions / solications / sentiment gathering from the Zcash ecosystem should be initiated ~6 months in advance of the presumed activation of a "non-direct funding model", such that the Zcash ecosystem preference can be expediently realized.
-
-
-
References