ZIP: 321 Title: Payment Request URIs Owners: Kris Nuttycombe (kris@electriccoin.co) Daira Hopwood (daira@electriccoin.co) Status: Proposed Category: Wallet Created: 2020-08-28 Discussions-To: <https://github.com/zcash/zips/issues/347> Pull-Request: <https://github.com/zcash/zips/pull/395> License: MIT
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "SHOULD", "RECOMMENDED", and "MAY" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119. 1
The terms below are to be interpreted as follows:
This ZIP proposes a standard format for payment request URIs. Wallets that recognize this format enable users to construct payments simply by clicking links on webpages or scanning QR codes.
In order for a robust transactional ecosystem to evolve for Zcash, it is necessary for vendors to be able to issue requests for payment. At present, the best option available is to manually specify a payment address, a payment amount, and potentially memo field content. Of these three components, existing wallets only provide functionality for reading payment addresses in a semi-automated fashion. It is then necessary for the user to manually enter payment amounts and any associated memo information, which is tedious and may be error-prone, particularly if a payment is intended for multiple recipients or the memo field information contains structured data that must be faithfully reproduced.
This ZIP seeks to eliminate these issues by proposing a standard format that wallet vendors may support so that human intervention is required only for approval, not creation, of such a payment transaction.
In Bitcoin, two different standards exist to permit vendors to issue payment requests that are understood by wallets: BIP-0021 4 and BIP-0070 5. BIP-0021 provides a URI format that can be interpreted by a wallet to construct simple, single-recipient transactions; while BIP-0070 uses a protobuf-based protocol that permits payment requests to specify the creation of transactions of arbitrary complexity.
The format proposed in this ZIP seeks a middle ground between these approaches: to provide a URI-based format which supports both the trivial use case and the slightly-more-complex situation where a payment may be intended for multiple recipients.
The format must be a valid URI.
The format must permit the representation of one or more (payment address, amount, memo) tuples.
The following syntax specification uses ABNF 2.
URI Syntax:
zcashurn = "zcash:" ( zcashaddress [ "?" zcashparams ] / "?" zcashparams ) zcashaddress = 1*base58 zcashparams = zcashparam [ "&" zcashparams ] zcashparam = [ addrparam / amountparam / memoparam / messageparam / labelparam / reqparam / otherparam ] NONZERO = %x31-39 DIGIT = %x30-39 paramindex = "." NONZERO *DIGIT addrparam = "address" [ paramindex ] "=" zcashaddress amountparam = "amount" [ paramindex ] "=" 1*DIGIT [ "." 1*8DIGIT ] labelparam = "label" [ paramindex ] "=" *qchar memoparam = "memo" [ paramindex ] "=" *base64url messageparam = "message" [ paramindex ] "=" *qchar paramname = ALPHA *( ALPHA / DIGIT / "+" / "-" ) reqparam = "req-" paramname [ paramindex ] [ "=" *qchar ] otherparam = paramname [ paramindex ] [ "=" *qchar ] qchar = unreserved / pct-encoded / allowed-delims / ":" / "@" allowed-delims = "!" / "$" / "'" / "(" / ")" / "*" / "+" / "," / ";"
Here, ALPHA
, unreserved
and pct-encoded
are as defined in 3. "base58" is defined as in 6. "base64url" is defined as in 7 with padding omitted. (Note that this uses a different alphabet to the usual base64; the values 62 and 63 in the alphabet are encoded as -
and _
respectively.)
A ZIP-321 URI represents a request for the construction of a transaction having one or more payments. In the case that only a single payment is being requested, the recipient address MAY be included in the hier-part
component of the RFC 3986 URI; otherwise, multiple recipient addresses can be specified using addrparam
parameters with different indices.
Addresses, amounts, labels, and messages sharing the same paramindex
(including the empty paramindex
) are interpreted to be associated with the same payment for the purposes of payment construction. A paramindex
MUST NOT have leading zero(s). There is no significance to the ordering of parameters, and paramindex
values need not be sequential.
A URI of the form zcash:<address>?...
MUST be considered equivalent to a URI of the form zcash:?address=<address>&...
where <address>
is an instance of zcashaddress
.
If there are any non-address parameters having a given paramindex
, then the URI MUST contain an address parameter having that paramindex
. There MUST NOT be more than one occurrence of a given parameter and paramindex
.
Productions of the form 1*x
indicate one or more successive instances of the production x
. Productions of the form <n>*<m>x
indicate at least <n> and at most <m> instances of production x
.
If an amount is provided, it MUST be specified in decimal ZEC. If a decimal fraction is present then a period (.) MUST be used as the separating character to separate the whole number from the decimal fraction, and both the whole number and the decimal fraction MUST be nonempty. No other separators (such as commas for grouping or thousands) are permitted. Leading zeros in the whole number or trailing zeros in the decimal fraction are ignored. There MUST NOT be more than 8 digits in the decimal fraction.
amount=50.00
or amount=50
or amount=050
is treated as 50 ZEC;amount=0.5
or amount=00.500
is treated as 0.5 ZEC; andamount=50,000.00
or amount=50,00
or amount=50.
or amount=.5
or amount=0.123456789
are invalid.=
padding. The decoded memo contents MUST NOT exceed 512 bytes, and if shorter, will be filled with trailing zeros to 512 bytes. Parsers MUST consider the entire URI invalid if the address associated with the same paramindex
is not a valid shielded address.zcash:ztestsapling10yy2ex5dcqkclhc7z7yrnjq2z6feyjad56ptwlfgmy77dmaqqrl9gyhprdx59qgmsnyfska2kez?amount=1&memo=VGhpcyBpcyBhIHNpbXBsZSBtZW1vLg&message=Thank%20you%20for%20your%20purchase
A valid payment request for a payment of 1 ZEC to a single shielded address, with a base64url-encoded memo and a message for display by the wallet.
zcash:?address=tmEZhbWHTpdKMw5it8YDspUXSMGQyFwovpU&amount=123.456&memo=eyAia2V5IjogIlRoaXMgaXMgYSBKU09OLXN0cnVjdHVyZWQgbWVtby4iIH0&address.1=ztestsapling10yy2ex5dcqkclhc7z7yrnjq2z6feyjad56ptwlfgmy77dmaqqrl9gyhprdx59qgmsnyfska2kez&amount.1=0.789&memo.1=VGhpcyBpcyBhIHVuaWNvZGUgbWVtbyDinKjwn6aE8J-PhvCfjok
A valid payment request with one transparent and one shielded recipient address, with encoded JSON and Unicode memos.
zcash:?amount=3491405.05201255&address.1=ztestsapling10yy2ex5dcqkclhc7z7yrnjq2z6feyjad56ptwlfgmy77dmaqqrl9gyhprdx59qgmsnyfska2kez&amount.1=5740296.87793245
An invalid payment request; this is missing a payment address with empty paramindex
.
zcash:?address=tmEZhbWHTpdKMw5it8YDspUXSMGQyFwovpU&amount=1&amount.1=2&address.2=ztestsapling10yy2ex5dcqkclhc7z7yrnjq2z6feyjad56ptwlfgmy77dmaqqrl9gyhprdx59qgmsnyfska2kez
Also invalid; this request is missing address.1=
.
zcash:?address.0=ztestsapling10yy2ex5dcqkclhc7z7yrnjq2z6feyjad56ptwlfgmy77dmaqqrl9gyhprdx59qgmsnyfska2kez&amount.0=2
Also invalid; address.0=
and amount.0=
are not permitted as leading 0s are forbidden in paramindex
.
zcash:?amount=1.234&amount=2.345&address=tmEZhbWHTpdKMw5it8YDspUXSMGQyFwovpU zcash:?amount.1=1.234&amount.1=2.345&address.1=tmEZhbWHTpdKMw5it8YDspUXSMGQyFwovpU"
Also invalid; duplicate amount=
or amount.1=
fields
Variables which are prefixed with a req-
are considered required. If a parser does not recognize any variables which are prefixed with req-
, it MUST consider the entire URI invalid. Any other variables that are not recognized, but that are not prefixed with a req-
, SHOULD be ignored.
As this ZIP is written, several clients already implement a zcash:
URI scheme similar to this one, however usually without the additional req-
prefix requirement or the facility to specify multiple payments using paramindex
. Thus, it is RECOMMENDED that these features not be used in a mission-critical way until a grace period of 6 months from the finalization of this ZIP has passed, in order to allow client developers to release new versions, and users of old clients to upgrade.
1 | RFC 2119: Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels |
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2 | RFC 5234: Augmented BNF for Syntax Specifications: ABNF |
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3 | RFC 3986: URI Generic Syntax, Appendix A. Collected ABNF for URI |
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4 | BIP 21: URI Scheme |
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5 | BIP 70: Payment Protocol |
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6 | Base58Check encoding |
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7 | RFC 4648 section 5: Base64 Encoding with URL and Filename Safe Alphabet |
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