zebra/zebra-chain/src/sprout/joinsplit.rs

241 lines
10 KiB
Rust
Raw Permalink Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

//! Sprout funds transfers using [`JoinSplit`]s.
use std::{fmt, io};
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use crate::{
amount::{Amount, NegativeAllowed, NonNegative},
block::MAX_BLOCK_BYTES,
fmt::HexDebug,
primitives::{x25519, Bctv14Proof, Groth16Proof, ZkSnarkProof},
serialization::{
ReadZcashExt, SerializationError, TrustedPreallocate, WriteZcashExt, ZcashDeserialize,
ZcashDeserializeInto, ZcashSerialize,
},
};
use super::{commitment, note, tree};
/// A 256-bit seed that must be chosen independently at
/// random for each [JoinSplit description].
///
/// [JoinSplit description]: https://zips.z.cash/protocol/protocol.pdf#joinsplitencodingandconsensus
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Eq, PartialEq, Serialize)]
#[cfg_attr(
any(test, feature = "proptest-impl"),
derive(proptest_derive::Arbitrary)
)]
pub struct RandomSeed(HexDebug<[u8; 32]>);
impl From<[u8; 32]> for RandomSeed {
fn from(bytes: [u8; 32]) -> Self {
Self(bytes.into())
}
}
impl From<RandomSeed> for [u8; 32] {
fn from(rt: RandomSeed) -> [u8; 32] {
*rt.0
}
}
impl From<&RandomSeed> for [u8; 32] {
fn from(random_seed: &RandomSeed) -> Self {
random_seed.clone().into()
}
}
/// A _JoinSplit Description_, as described in [protocol specification §7.2][ps].
///
/// [ps]: https://zips.z.cash/protocol/protocol.pdf#joinsplitencoding
#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct JoinSplit<P: ZkSnarkProof> {
/// A value that the JoinSplit transfer removes from the transparent value
/// pool.
pub vpub_old: Amount<NonNegative>,
/// A value that the JoinSplit transfer inserts into the transparent value
/// pool.
pub vpub_new: Amount<NonNegative>,
/// A root of the Sprout note commitment tree at some block height in the
/// past, or the root produced by a previous JoinSplit transfer in this
/// transaction.
pub anchor: tree::Root,
/// A nullifier for the input notes.
pub nullifiers: [note::Nullifier; 2],
/// A note commitment for this output note.
pub commitments: [commitment::NoteCommitment; 2],
/// An X25519 public key.
pub ephemeral_key: x25519::PublicKey,
/// A 256-bit seed that must be chosen independently at random for each
/// JoinSplit description.
pub random_seed: RandomSeed,
/// A message authentication tag.
pub vmacs: [note::Mac; 2],
/// A ZK JoinSplit proof, either a
/// [`Groth16Proof`] or a [`Bctv14Proof`].
#[serde(bound(serialize = "P: ZkSnarkProof", deserialize = "P: ZkSnarkProof"))]
pub zkproof: P,
/// A ciphertext component for this output note.
pub enc_ciphertexts: [note::EncryptedNote; 2],
}
impl<P: ZkSnarkProof> fmt::Debug for JoinSplit<P> {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
f.debug_struct("JoinSplit")
.field("vpub_old", &self.vpub_old)
.field("vpub_new", &self.vpub_new)
.field("anchor", &self.anchor)
.field("nullifiers", &self.nullifiers)
.field("commitments", &self.commitments)
.field("ephemeral_key", &HexDebug(self.ephemeral_key.as_bytes()))
.field("random_seed", &self.random_seed)
.field("vmacs", &self.vmacs)
.field("zkproof", &self.zkproof)
.field("enc_ciphertexts", &self.enc_ciphertexts)
.finish()
}
}
impl<P: ZkSnarkProof> ZcashSerialize for JoinSplit<P> {
fn zcash_serialize<W: io::Write>(&self, mut writer: W) -> Result<(), io::Error> {
self.vpub_old.zcash_serialize(&mut writer)?;
self.vpub_new.zcash_serialize(&mut writer)?;
writer.write_32_bytes(&self.anchor.into())?;
writer.write_32_bytes(&self.nullifiers[0].into())?;
writer.write_32_bytes(&self.nullifiers[1].into())?;
writer.write_32_bytes(&self.commitments[0].into())?;
writer.write_32_bytes(&self.commitments[1].into())?;
writer.write_all(&self.ephemeral_key.as_bytes()[..])?;
// The borrow is actually needed to avoid taking ownership
#[allow(clippy::needless_borrow)]
writer.write_32_bytes(&(&self.random_seed).into())?;
self.vmacs[0].zcash_serialize(&mut writer)?;
self.vmacs[1].zcash_serialize(&mut writer)?;
self.zkproof.zcash_serialize(&mut writer)?;
self.enc_ciphertexts[0].zcash_serialize(&mut writer)?;
self.enc_ciphertexts[1].zcash_serialize(&mut writer)?;
Ok(())
}
}
impl<P: ZkSnarkProof> JoinSplit<P> {
/// Return the sprout value balance,
/// the change in the transaction value pool due to this sprout [`JoinSplit`].
///
/// <https://zebra.zfnd.org/dev/rfcs/0012-value-pools.html#definitions>
///
/// See [`sprout_value_balance`][svb] for details.
///
/// [svb]: crate::transaction::Transaction::sprout_value_balance
pub fn value_balance(&self) -> Amount<NegativeAllowed> {
let vpub_new = self
.vpub_new
.constrain()
.expect("constrain::NegativeAllowed is always valid");
let vpub_old = self
.vpub_old
.constrain()
.expect("constrain::NegativeAllowed is always valid");
(vpub_new - vpub_old).expect("subtraction of two valid amounts is a valid NegativeAllowed")
}
}
impl<P: ZkSnarkProof> ZcashDeserialize for JoinSplit<P> {
fn zcash_deserialize<R: io::Read>(mut reader: R) -> Result<Self, SerializationError> {
// # Consensus
//
// > Elements of a JoinSplit description MUST have the types given above
//
// https://zips.z.cash/protocol/protocol.pdf#joinsplitdesc
//
// See comments below for each specific type.
Ok(JoinSplit::<P> {
// Type is `{0 .. MAX_MONEY}`; see [`NonNegative::valid_range()`].
vpub_old: (&mut reader).zcash_deserialize_into()?,
vpub_new: (&mut reader).zcash_deserialize_into()?,
// Type is `B^{^{Sprout}_{Merkle}}` i.e. 32 bytes.
anchor: tree::Root::from(reader.read_32_bytes()?),
// Types are `B^{^{Sprout}_{PRF}}` i.e. 32 bytes.
nullifiers: [
reader.read_32_bytes()?.into(),
reader.read_32_bytes()?.into(),
],
// Types are `NoteCommit^{Sprout}.Output`, i.e. `B^{^{Sprout}_{Merkle}}`,
// i.e. 32 bytes. https://zips.z.cash/protocol/protocol.pdf#abstractcommit
commitments: [
commitment::NoteCommitment::from(reader.read_32_bytes()?),
commitment::NoteCommitment::from(reader.read_32_bytes()?),
],
// Type is `KA^{Sprout}.Public`, i.e. `B^Y^{[32]}`, i.e. 32 bytes.
// https://zips.z.cash/protocol/protocol.pdf#concretesproutkeyagreement
ephemeral_key: x25519_dalek::PublicKey::from(reader.read_32_bytes()?),
// Type is `B^{[_{Seed}]}`, i.e. 32 bytes
random_seed: RandomSeed::from(reader.read_32_bytes()?),
// Types are `B^{^{Sprout}_{PRF}}` i.e. 32 bytes.
// See [`note::Mac::zcash_deserialize`].
vmacs: [
note::Mac::zcash_deserialize(&mut reader)?,
note::Mac::zcash_deserialize(&mut reader)?,
],
// Type is described in https://zips.z.cash/protocol/protocol.pdf#grothencoding.
// It is not enforced here; this just reads 192 bytes.
// The type is validated when validating the proof, see
// [`groth16::Item::try_from`]. In #3179 we plan to validate here instead.
zkproof: P::zcash_deserialize(&mut reader)?,
// Types are `Sym.C`, i.e. `B^Y^{\[N\]}`, i.e. arbitrary-sized byte arrays
// https://zips.z.cash/protocol/protocol.pdf#concretesym but fixed to
// 601 bytes in https://zips.z.cash/protocol/protocol.pdf#joinsplitencodingandconsensus
// See [`note::EncryptedNote::zcash_deserialize`].
enc_ciphertexts: [
note::EncryptedNote::zcash_deserialize(&mut reader)?,
note::EncryptedNote::zcash_deserialize(&mut reader)?,
],
})
}
}
/// The size of a joinsplit, excluding the ZkProof
///
/// Excluding the ZkProof, a Joinsplit consists of an 8 byte vpub_old, an 8 byte vpub_new, a 32 byte anchor,
/// two 32 byte nullifiers, two 32 byte commitments, a 32 byte ephemeral key, a 32 byte random seed
/// two 32 byte vmacs, and two 601 byte encrypted ciphertexts.
const JOINSPLIT_SIZE_WITHOUT_ZKPROOF: u64 =
8 + 8 + 32 + (32 * 2) + (32 * 2) + 32 + 32 + (32 * 2) + (601 * 2);
/// The size of a version 2 or 3 joinsplit transaction, which uses a BCTV14 proof.
///
/// A BTCV14 proof takes 296 bytes, per the Zcash [protocol specification §7.2][ps]
///
/// [ps]: https://zips.z.cash/protocol/protocol.pdf#joinsplitencoding
pub(crate) const BCTV14_JOINSPLIT_SIZE: u64 = JOINSPLIT_SIZE_WITHOUT_ZKPROOF + 296;
/// The size of a version 4+ joinsplit transaction, which uses a Groth16 proof
///
/// A Groth16 proof takes 192 bytes, per the Zcash [protocol specification §7.2][ps]
///
/// [ps]: https://zips.z.cash/protocol/protocol.pdf#joinsplitencoding
pub(crate) const GROTH16_JOINSPLIT_SIZE: u64 = JOINSPLIT_SIZE_WITHOUT_ZKPROOF + 192;
impl TrustedPreallocate for JoinSplit<Bctv14Proof> {
fn max_allocation() -> u64 {
// The longest Vec<JoinSplit> we receive from an honest peer must fit inside a valid block.
// Since encoding the length of the vec takes at least one byte
// (MAX_BLOCK_BYTES - 1) / BCTV14_JOINSPLIT_SIZE is a loose upper bound on the max allocation
(MAX_BLOCK_BYTES - 1) / BCTV14_JOINSPLIT_SIZE
}
}
impl TrustedPreallocate for JoinSplit<Groth16Proof> {
// The longest Vec<JoinSplit> we receive from an honest peer must fit inside a valid block.
// Since encoding the length of the vec takes at least one byte
// (MAX_BLOCK_BYTES - 1) / GROTH16_JOINSPLIT_SIZE is a loose upper bound on the max allocation
fn max_allocation() -> u64 {
(MAX_BLOCK_BYTES - 1) / GROTH16_JOINSPLIT_SIZE
}
}