solana-go/transaction.go

package solana

import (
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"sort"

	"github.com/davecgh/go-spew/spew"
	bin "github.com/gagliardetto/binary"
	"github.com/gagliardetto/solana-go/text"
	"github.com/gagliardetto/treeout"
	"go.uber.org/zap"
)

type Instruction interface {
	ProgramID() PublicKey     // the programID the instruction acts on
	Accounts() []*AccountMeta // returns the list of accounts the instructions requires
	Data() ([]byte, error)    // the binary encoded instructions
}

type TransactionOption interface {
	apply(opts *transactionOptions)
}

type transactionOptions struct {
	payer PublicKey
}

type transactionOptionFunc func(opts *transactionOptions)

func (f transactionOptionFunc) apply(opts *transactionOptions) {
	f(opts)
}

func TransactionPayer(payer PublicKey) TransactionOption {
	return transactionOptionFunc(func(opts *transactionOptions) { opts.payer = payer })
}

var debugNewTransaction = false

type TransactionBuilder struct {
	instructions    []Instruction
	recentBlockHash Hash
	opts            []TransactionOption
}

// NewTransactionBuilder creates a new instruction builder.
func NewTransactionBuilder() *TransactionBuilder {
	return &TransactionBuilder{}
}

// AddInstruction adds the provided instruction to the builder.
func (builder *TransactionBuilder) AddInstruction(instruction Instruction) *TransactionBuilder {
	builder.instructions = append(builder.instructions, instruction)
	return builder
}

// SetRecentBlockHash sets the recent blockhash for the instruction builder.
func (builder *TransactionBuilder) SetRecentBlockHash(recentBlockHash Hash) *TransactionBuilder {
	builder.recentBlockHash = recentBlockHash
	return builder
}

// WithOpt adds a TransactionOption.
func (builder *TransactionBuilder) WithOpt(opt TransactionOption) *TransactionBuilder {
	builder.opts = append(builder.opts, opt)
	return builder
}

// Set transaction fee payer.
// If not set, defaults to first signer account of the first instruction.
func (builder *TransactionBuilder) SetFeePayer(feePayer PublicKey) *TransactionBuilder {
	builder.opts = append(builder.opts, TransactionPayer(feePayer))
	return builder
}

// Build builds and returns a *Transaction.
func (builder *TransactionBuilder) Build() (*Transaction, error) {
	return NewTransaction(
		builder.instructions,
		builder.recentBlockHash,
		builder.opts...,
	)
}

func NewTransaction(instructions []Instruction, recentBlockHash Hash, opts ...TransactionOption) (*Transaction, error) {
	if len(instructions) == 0 {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("requires at-least one instruction to create a transaction")
	}

	options := transactionOptions{}
	for _, opt := range opts {
		opt.apply(&options)
	}

	feePayer := options.payer
	if feePayer.IsZero() {
		found := false
		for _, act := range instructions[0].Accounts() {
			if act.IsSigner {
				feePayer = act.PublicKey
				found = true
				break
			}
		}
		if !found {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot determine fee payer. You can ether pass the fee payer via the 'TransactionWithInstructions' option parameter or it falls back to the first instruction's first signer")
		}
	}

	programIDs := make(PublicKeySlice, 0)
	accounts := []*AccountMeta{}
	for _, instruction := range instructions {
		for _, key := range instruction.Accounts() {
			accounts = append(accounts, key)
		}
		programIDs.UniqueAppend(instruction.ProgramID())
	}

	// Add programID to the account list
	for _, programID := range programIDs {
		accounts = append(accounts, &AccountMeta{
			PublicKey:  programID,
			IsSigner:   false,
			IsWritable: false,
		})
	}

	// Sort. Prioritizing first by signer, then by writable
	sort.SliceStable(accounts, func(i, j int) bool {
		return accounts[i].less(accounts[j])
	})

	uniqAccountsMap := map[PublicKey]uint64{}
	uniqAccounts := []*AccountMeta{}
	for _, acc := range accounts {
		if index, found := uniqAccountsMap[acc.PublicKey]; found {
			uniqAccounts[index].IsWritable = uniqAccounts[index].IsWritable || acc.IsWritable
			continue
		}
		uniqAccounts = append(uniqAccounts, acc)
		uniqAccountsMap[acc.PublicKey] = uint64(len(uniqAccounts) - 1)
	}

	if debugNewTransaction {
		zlog.Debug("unique account sorted", zap.Int("account_count", len(uniqAccounts)))
	}
	// Move fee payer to the front
	feePayerIndex := -1
	for idx, acc := range uniqAccounts {
		if acc.PublicKey.Equals(feePayer) {
			feePayerIndex = idx
		}
	}
	if debugNewTransaction {
		zlog.Debug("current fee payer index", zap.Int("fee_payer_index", feePayerIndex))
	}

	accountCount := len(uniqAccounts)
	if feePayerIndex < 0 {
		// fee payer is not part of accounts we want to add it
		accountCount++
	}
	finalAccounts := make([]*AccountMeta, accountCount)

	itr := 1
	for idx, uniqAccount := range uniqAccounts {
		if idx == feePayerIndex {
			uniqAccount.IsSigner = true
			uniqAccount.IsWritable = true
			finalAccounts[0] = uniqAccount
			continue
		}
		finalAccounts[itr] = uniqAccount
		itr++
	}

	if feePayerIndex < 0 {
		// fee payer is not part of accounts we want to add it
		feePayerAccount := &AccountMeta{
			PublicKey:  feePayer,
			IsSigner:   true,
			IsWritable: true,
		}
		finalAccounts[0] = feePayerAccount
	}

	message := Message{
		RecentBlockhash: recentBlockHash,
	}
	accountKeyIndex := map[string]uint16{}
	for idx, acc := range finalAccounts {

		if debugNewTransaction {
			zlog.Debug("transaction account",
				zap.Int("account_index", idx),
				zap.Stringer("account_pub_key", acc.PublicKey),
			)
		}

		message.AccountKeys = append(message.AccountKeys, acc.PublicKey)
		accountKeyIndex[acc.PublicKey.String()] = uint16(idx)
		if acc.IsSigner {
			message.Header.NumRequiredSignatures++
			if !acc.IsWritable {
				message.Header.NumReadonlySignedAccounts++
			}
			continue
		}

		if !acc.IsWritable {
			message.Header.NumReadonlyUnsignedAccounts++
		}
	}
	if debugNewTransaction {
		zlog.Debug("message header compiled",
			zap.Uint8("num_required_signatures", message.Header.NumRequiredSignatures),
			zap.Uint8("num_readonly_signed_accounts", message.Header.NumReadonlySignedAccounts),
			zap.Uint8("num_readonly_unsigned_accounts", message.Header.NumReadonlyUnsignedAccounts),
		)
	}

	for txIdx, instruction := range instructions {
		accounts = instruction.Accounts()
		accountIndex := make([]uint16, len(accounts))
		for idx, acc := range accounts {
			accountIndex[idx] = accountKeyIndex[acc.PublicKey.String()]
		}
		data, err := instruction.Data()
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to encode instructions [%d]: %w", txIdx, err)
		}
		message.Instructions = append(message.Instructions, CompiledInstruction{
			ProgramIDIndex: accountKeyIndex[instruction.ProgramID().String()],
			AccountCount:   bin.Varuint16(uint16(len(accountIndex))),
			Accounts:       accountIndex,
			DataLength:     bin.Varuint16(uint16(len(data))),
			Data:           data,
		})
	}

	return &Transaction{
		Message: message,
	}, nil
}

type privateKeyGetter func(key PublicKey) *PrivateKey

func (tx *Transaction) MarshalBinary() ([]byte, error) {
	if len(tx.Signatures) == 0 || len(tx.Signatures) != int(tx.Message.Header.NumRequiredSignatures) {
		return nil, errors.New("signature verification failed")
	}

	messageContent, err := tx.Message.MarshalBinary()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to encode tx.Message to binary: %w", err)
	}

	var signatureCount []byte
	bin.EncodeCompactU16Length(&signatureCount, len(tx.Signatures))
	output := make([]byte, 0, len(signatureCount)+len(signatureCount)*64+len(messageContent))
	output = append(output, signatureCount...)
	for _, sig := range tx.Signatures {
		output = append(output, sig[:]...)
	}
	output = append(output, messageContent...)

	return output, nil
}

func (tx *Transaction) MarshalWithEncoder(encoder *bin.Encoder) error {
	out, err := tx.MarshalBinary()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return encoder.WriteBytes(out, false)
}

func (tx *Transaction) UnmarshalWithDecoder(decoder *bin.Decoder) (err error) {
	{
		numSignatures, err := bin.DecodeCompactU16LengthFromByteReader(decoder)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		for i := 0; i < numSignatures; i++ {
			sigBytes, err := decoder.ReadNBytes(64)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			var sig Signature
			copy(sig[:], sigBytes)
			tx.Signatures = append(tx.Signatures, sig)
		}
	}
	{
		err := tx.Message.UnmarshalWithDecoder(decoder)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	return nil
}

func (tx *Transaction) Sign(getter privateKeyGetter) (out []Signature, err error) {
	messageContent, err := tx.Message.MarshalBinary()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to encode message for signing: %w", err)
	}

	signerKeys := tx.Message.signerKeys()

	for _, key := range signerKeys {
		privateKey := getter(key)
		if privateKey == nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("signer key %q not found. Ensure all the signer keys are in the vault", key.String())
		}

		s, err := privateKey.Sign(messageContent)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to signed with key %q: %w", key.String(), err)
		}

		tx.Signatures = append(tx.Signatures, s)
	}
	return tx.Signatures, nil
}

func (tx *Transaction) EncodeTree(encoder *text.TreeEncoder) (int, error) {
	if len(encoder.Doc) == 0 {
		encoder.Doc = "Transaction"
	}
	tx.EncodeToTree(encoder)
	return encoder.WriteString(encoder.Tree.String())
}

func (tx *Transaction) EncodeToTree(parent treeout.Branches) {

	parent.ParentFunc(func(txTree treeout.Branches) {
		txTree.Child(fmt.Sprintf("Signatures[len=%v]", len(tx.Signatures))).ParentFunc(func(signaturesBranch treeout.Branches) {
			for _, sig := range tx.Signatures {
				signaturesBranch.Child(sig.String())
			}
		})

		txTree.Child("Message").ParentFunc(func(messageBranch treeout.Branches) {
			tx.Message.EncodeToTree(messageBranch)
		})
	})

	parent.Child(fmt.Sprintf("Instructions[len=%v]", len(tx.Message.Instructions))).ParentFunc(func(message treeout.Branches) {
		for _, inst := range tx.Message.Instructions {

			progKey, err := tx.ResolveProgramIDIndex(inst.ProgramIDIndex)
			if err == nil {
				decodedInstruction, err := DecodeInstruction(progKey, inst.ResolveInstructionAccounts(&tx.Message), inst.Data)
				if err == nil {
					if enToTree, ok := decodedInstruction.(text.EncodableToTree); ok {
						enToTree.EncodeToTree(message)
					} else {
						message.Child(spew.Sdump(decodedInstruction))
					}
				} else {
					// TODO: log error?
					message.Child(fmt.Sprintf(text.RedBG("cannot decode instruction for %s program: %s"), progKey, err))
				}
			} else {
				message.Child(fmt.Sprintf(text.RedBG("cannot ResolveProgramIDIndex: %s"), err))
			}
		}
	})
}